臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

以商用觸媒(Amberlyst-70)進行甘油(Glycerol)與叔丁醇(Tert-Butanol)高溫催化反應，反應的產物可用來當作油品添加劑。在高壓反應器內，固定實驗條件叔丁醇/甘油莫耳比為4:1，時間為8小時，觸媒量為甘油的10 wt%，在不同操作溫度(100~190℃)下探討其反應行為。當反應溫度為190℃時，甘油轉化率約為50%。甘油與叔丁醇反應的液態生成物形成明顯的兩相，上層部分稱為有機相，下層部分稱為水相。有機相中含有異丁烯(Isobutene)、二異丁烯(Diisobutene) 、三異丁烯(Triisobutene) 與其他碳氫化合物；水相中含有反應生成的水與未反應剩下的甘油與叔丁醇。將有機相產物以90℃進行減壓蒸餾取得二異丁烯，經化驗結果得到其辛烷值(octane number)為100，可做為良好的汽油添加劑;其他有機相產物利用GC/MS質譜圖分析結果推測可作為柴油燃料使用。

The reaction between GLY and TBA was carried out at high temperature (greater than 170 ) using Amberlyst-70 as the solid catalyst. The product could be used as oil additives. In the autoclave, the performance of the reaction was evaluated at different conditions (tert-butanol / glycerol molar ratio 4:1; reaction time 8 hours; catalyst dose 10wt% of glycerol loading; reaction temperature 100 ~ 190 ). 50% of glycerol conversion was achieved at the temperature of 190 . The product mixture was separated into distinct liquid phases, the organic phase and the aqueous phase. The Organic phase was identified to contain the components of isobutylene, diisobutene, triisobutene and other hydrocarbons. The aqueous phase contained water and the unconverted glycerol and tert-butanol. By a simple distillation of the organic phase product under reduced pressure at 90 , the distillate was consisted mainly of diisobutylene and can be adopted as gasoline octane booster, because its octane number (100) was analyzed. The components of the residue were estimated to be in the range of diesel fuel based on the GC / MS spectra analysis.

誌謝 I
中文摘要 II
Abstract III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 VIII

第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 甘油與異丁烯或叔丁醇低溫醚化文獻回顧 2
1.3 研究動機及目標 5
1.4 章節介紹 5
第二章 實驗 6
2.1 藥品及觸媒 8
2.2 實驗設備與裝置 10
2.3 實驗步驟 14
2.4 儀器分析 17
2.5 成份分析 18
2.6 轉化率與產率分析 21
第三章 結果與討論 30
3.1 反應溫度對甘油轉化率影響 30
3.2 反應溫度對產物產率影響 32
3.3 油相產物分離 35
3.4 油相產物之油品性質檢驗 36
第四章 結論 47
參考文獻 48
附錄一 51
附錄二 56

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