|
Marini C, De Santis F, Sacco S, et al. Contribution of atrial fibrillation to incidence and outcome of ischemic stroke: results from a population-based study. Stroke; a journal of cerebral circulation 2005;36:1115-9. 2.Connolly SJ, Ezekowitz MD, Yusuf S, et al. Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. The New England journal of medicine 2009;361:1139-51. 3.Patel MR, Mahaffey KW, Garg J, et al. Rivaroxaban versus warfarin in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. The New England journal of medicine 2011;365:883-91. 4.Granger CB, Alexander JH, McMurray JJ, et al. Apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. The New England journal of medicine 2011;365:981-92. 5.Baber U, Howard VJ, Halperin JL, et al. Association of chronic kidney disease with atrial fibrillation among adults in the United States: REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study. Circulation Arrhythmia and electrophysiology 2011;4:26-32. 6.盧美秀. 實證醫學、實證護理與實證管理. 新台北護理期刊 2001;3:1-3. 7.Green S. Systematic reviews and meta-analysis. Singapore medical journal 2005;46:270-3; quiz 4. 8.Hart RG, Eikelboom JW, Brimble KS, et al.Stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation patients with chronic kidney disease. The Canadian journal of cardiology 2013;29:S71-8. 9.Lloyd-Jones DM, Wang TJ, Leip EP, et al. Lifetime risk for development of atrial fibrillation: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation 2004;110:1042-6. 10.Heeringa J, van der Kuip DA, Hofman A, et al. Prevalence, incidence and lifetime risk of atrial fibrillation: the Rotterdam study. European heart journal 2006;27:949-53. 11.Go AS, Hylek EM, Phillips KA, et al. Prevalence of diagnosed atrial fibrillation in adults: national implications for rhythm management and stroke prevention: the AnTicoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) Study. JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association 2001;285:2370-5. 12.Lee CH, Liu PY, Tsai LM, et al. Characteristics of hospitalized patients with atrial fibrillation in Taiwan: a nationwide observation. The American journal of medicine 2007;120:819 e1-7. 13.Wolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB. Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke: the Framingham Study. Stroke; a journal of cerebral circulation 1991;22:983-8. 14.台灣腦中風學會. 腦中風危險因子防治指引:心房纖維顫動. 2012. 15.Padanilam BJ, Prystowsky EN. Atrial fibrillation: goals of therapy and management strategies to achieve the goals. The Medical clinics of North America 2008;92:217-35, xii-xiii. 16.Lip GY, Tse HF. Management of atrial fibrillation. Lancet 2007;370:604-18. 17.Olshansky B. The electrocardiogram in atrial fibrillation. In. Mar 27, 2013 ed. UpToDate; 2014. 18.Camm AJ, Kirchhof P, Lip GY, et al. Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation: the Task Force for the Management of Atrial Fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). European heart journal 2010;31:2369-429. 19.Stroke Risk in Atrial Fibrillation Working Group.Comparison of 12 risk stratification schemes to predict stroke in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Stroke; a journal of cerebral circulation 2008;39:1901-10. 20.Gage BF, Waterman AD, Shannon W, et al. Validation of clinical classification schemes for predicting stroke: results from the National Registry of Atrial Fibrillation. JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association 2001;285:2864-70. 21.Singer DE, Albers GW, Dalen JE, et al. Antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition). Chest 2008;133:546S-92S. 22.Fuster V, Ryden LE, Cannom DS, et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA/HRS focused updates incorporated into the ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines. Circulation 2011;123:e269-367. 23.Camm AJ, Lip GY, De Caterina R, et al. 2012 focused update of the ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation: an update of the 2010 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation. Developed with the special contribution of the European Heart Rhythm Association. European heart journal 2012;33:2719-47. 24.Tan KT, Lip GY. Red vs white thrombi: treating the right clot is crucial. Archives of internal medicine 2003;163:2534-5; author reply 5. 25.Hart RG, Pearce LA, Aguilar MI. Meta-analysis: antithrombotic therapy to prevent stroke in patients who have nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Annals of internal medicine 2007;146:857-67. 26.Ansell J, Hirsh J, Hylek E, et al. Pharmacology and management of the vitamin K antagonists: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines (8th Edition). Chest 2008;133:160S-98S. 27.Singer DE, Chang Y, Fang MC, et al. Should patient characteristics influence target anticoagulation intensity for stroke prevention in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation?: the ATRIA study. Circulation Cardiovascular quality and outcomes 2009;2:297-304. 28.Fang MC, Go AS, Chang Y, et al. Death and disability from warfarin-associated intracranial and extracranial hemorrhages. The American journal of medicine 2007;120:700-5. 29.陳朝欽, 雷孟恒. 內科學誌--新型口服抗凝血劑 - 心房顫動中風預防的新曙光. 內科學誌 2012;23:77-97. 30.Albers GW, Diener HC, Frison L, et al. Ximelagatran vs warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: a randomized trial. JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association 2005;293:690-8. 31.Lee WM, Larrey D, Olsson R, et al. Hepatic findings in long-term clinical trials of ximelagatran. Drug safety : an international journal of medical toxicology and drug experience 2005;28:351-70. 32.Liesenfeld KH, Lehr T, Dansirikul C, et al. Population pharmacokinetic analysis of the oral thrombin inhibitor dabigatran etexilate in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation from the RE-LY trial. Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH 2011;9:2168-75. 33.Rupprecht HJ, Blank R. Clinical pharmacology of direct and indirect factor Xa inhibitors. Drugs 2010;70:2153-70. 34.K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification, and stratification. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation 2002;39:S1-266. 35.Levey AS, Bosch JP, Lewis JB, et al. A more accurate method to estimate glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine: a new prediction equation. Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group. Annals of internal medicine 1999;130:461-70. 36.Cockcroft DW, Gault MH. Prediction of creatinine clearance from serum creatinine. Nephron 1976;16:31-41. 37.Wen CP, Cheng TY, Tsai MK, et al. All-cause mortality attributable to chronic kidney disease: a prospective cohort study based on 462 293 adults in Taiwan. Lancet 2008;371:2173-82. 38.Watanabe H, Watanabe T, Sasaki S, et al. Close bidirectional relationship between chronic kidney disease and atrial fibrillation: the Niigata preventive medicine study. American heart journal 2009;158:629-36. 39.Ananthapanyasut W, Napan S, Rudolph EH, et al. Prevalence of atrial fibrillation and its predictors in nondialysis patients with chronic kidney disease. Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN 2010;5:173-81. 40.Herzog CA, Asinger RW, Berger AK, et al. Cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney disease. A clinical update from Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). Kidney international 2011;80:572-86. 41.Soliman EZ, Prineas RJ, Go AS, et al. Chronic kidney disease and prevalent atrial fibrillation: the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC). American heart journal 2010;159:1102-7. 42.K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for cardiovascular disease in dialysis patients. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation 2005;45:S1-153. 43.Alonso A, Lopez FL, Matsushita K, et al. Chronic kidney disease is associated with the incidence of atrial fibrillation: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Circulation 2011;123:2946-53. 44.Watson T, Shantsila E, Lip GY. Mechanisms of thrombogenesis in atrial fibrillation: Virchow''s triad revisited. Lancet 2009;373:155-66. 45.Hrafnkelsdottir T, Ottosson P, Gudnason T, et al. Impaired endothelial release of tissue-type plasminogen activator in patients with chronic kidney disease and hypertension. Hypertension 2004;44:300-4. 46.Thijs A, Nanayakkara PW, Ter Wee PM, et al. Mild-to-moderate renal impairment is associated with platelet activation: a cross-sectional study. Clinical nephrology 2008;70:325-31. 47.Shlipak MG, Fried LF, Crump C, et al. Elevations of inflammatory and procoagulant biomarkers in elderly persons with renal insufficiency. Circulation 2003;107:87-92. 48.Remuzzi G, Pusineri F. Coagulation defects in uremia. Kidney international Supplement 1988;24:S13-7. 49.Miller CS, Grandi SM, Shimony A,et al. Meta-analysis of efficacy and safety of new oral anticoagulants (dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban) versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. The American journal of cardiology 2012;110:453-60. 50.陳瑞琳,林怡君,陳恆理,賴玉玲. 實證醫學. 台灣牙周病醫學會雜誌 2009. 51.Sackett D. SS, Richardson W., Rosenberg W., et al.Evidence-Based Medicine:How to practice and teach EBM. Edinburgh: Harcourt Publishers Limited; 2000. 52.Sackett DL, Rosenberg WM, Gray JA, et al.Evidence based medicine: what it is and what it isn''t. BMJ 1996;312:71-2. 53.邱文達 陳. 實證醫學-臨床流行病學方法之應用: 台北醫學大學、萬芳醫院; 2004. 54.陳杰峰、邱文達、曾珮娟 醫. IOM 五大核心能力~基於實證醫學的專業執行; 2007. 55.Rosenberg W, Donald A. Evidence based medicine: an approach to clinical problem-solving. BMJ 1995;310:1122-6. 56.Miser WF. An introduction to evidence-based medicine. Primary care 2006;33:811-29. 57.陳杰峰、王慈蜂編譯. 實證醫學-臨床實踐與教學指引: 合計圖書出版社; 2007. 58.Green ML, Ciampi MA, Ellis PJ. Residents'' medical information needs in clinic: are they being met? The American journal of medicine 2000;109:218-23. 59.Haynes RB. Of studies, syntheses, synopses, and systems: the "4S" evolution of services for finding current best evidence. ACP journal club 2001;134:A11-3. 60.Haynes RB. Of studies, syntheses, synopses, summaries, and systems: the "5S" evolution of information services for evidence-based health care decisions. ACP journal club 2006;145:A8. 61.Medicine OCfE-b, Levels of evidence and grades of recommendation. Web document: p. Oxford, UK. . In. 62.Fineout-Overholt E, Johnston L. Teaching EBP: asking searchable, answerable clinical questions. Worldviews on evidence-based nursing / Sigma Theta Tau International, Honor Society of Nursing 2005;2:157-60. 63.宋惠娟、張淑敏. 臨床決策: 實證實務的步驟. 慈濟護理雜誌 2006;5: 73-80. 64.王吉耀主編. 循證醫學與臨床實踐: 科學出版社; 2004. 65.Engberg S. Systematic reviews and meta-analysis: studies of studies. Journal of wound, ostomy, and continence nursing : official publication of The Wound, Ostomy and Continence Nurses Society / WOCN 2008;35:258-65. 66.Sauerland S, Seiler CM. Role of systematic reviews and meta-analysis in evidence-based medicine. World journal of surgery 2005;29:582-7. 67.楊宗翰、王正旭等. 實證醫學原理與應用快速入門: 合記圖書出版社; 2008. 68.中央健康保險局 財, 財團法人醫院評鑑暨醫療品質策進會. 臨床診療指引發展手冊; 2004. 69.鐘文昭. Review Manager (RevMan)-臨床醫生通向 Meta分析的橋樑. 循證醫學 2003;3. 70.Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS medicine 2009;6:e1000097. 71.中山醫學大學附設醫院實證醫學中心. 實證醫學參考手冊; 2006. 72.Fox KA, Piccini JP, Wojdyla D, et al. Prevention of stroke and systemic embolism with rivaroxaban compared with warfarin in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and moderate renal impairment. European heart journal 2011;32:2387-94. 73.Hijazi Z, Hohnloser SH, Oldgren J, et al. Efficacy and Safety of Dabigatran Compared with Warfarin in Relation to Baseline Renal Function in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: A RE-LY Trial Analysis. Circulation 2013. 74.Hohnloser SH, Hijazi Z, Thomas L, et al. Efficacy of apixaban when compared with warfarin in relation to renal function in patients with atrial fibrillation: insights from the ARISTOTLE trial. European heart journal 2012;33:2821-30. 75.Alex J. Sutton, K.R.A., David R. Jones, Trevor A. Sheldon, Fujian Song. Methods for Meta-analysis in Medical Research; 2000. 76.van Houwelingen HC, Arends LR, Stijnen T. Advanced methods in meta-analysis: multivariate approach and meta-regression. Statistics in medicine 2002;21:589-624. 77.Genovesi S, Pogliani D, Faini A, et al. Prevalence of atrial fibrillation and associated factors in a population of long-term hemodialysis patients. American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation 2005;46:897-902. 78.Wizemann V, Tong L, Satayathum S, et al. Atrial fibrillation in hemodialysis patients: clinical features and associations with anticoagulant therapy. Kidney international 2010;77:1098-106. 79.Winkelmayer WC, Liu J, Setoguchi S,et al. Effectiveness and safety of warfarin initiation in older hemodialysis patients with incident atrial fibrillation. Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN 2011;6:2662-8. 80.Information P. ELIQUIS(R) oral tablets, apixaban oral tablets. Princeton, NJ; 2014. 81.Phillips KW, Ansell J. The clinical implications of new oral anticoagulants: will the potential advantages be achieved? Thrombosis and haemostasis 2010;103:34-9. 82.Oden A, Fahlen M, Hart RG. Optimal INR for prevention of stroke and death in atrial fibrillation: a critical appraisal. Thrombosis research 2006;117:493-9. 83.Hylek EM, Singer DE. Risk factors for intracranial hemorrhage in outpatients taking warfarin. Annals of internal medicine 1994;120:897-902. 84.Campbell; AR, McKnight; R, Dedhia; HV. New Anticoagulants for Thrombo-embolic Disease: Clinical Implications. In: J Pharmacogenom Pharmacoproteomics; 2011.2:2
|