土壤蒸氣抽取法(soil vapor extraction, SVE)常用於整治受揮發性有機污染物(volatile organic chemicals, VOCs)污染的未飽和層土壤。SVE系統為藉由抽氣使土壤層轉變為負壓，使其中的污染物朝抽氣井方向移動，以利抽出回收或待處理後再排放，進而達到污染整治目的。本研究是將郭青霖(2013)推導出的固定氣壓抽氣之暫態解析模式應用於實場中，求解分析垂直土壤氣體抽氣產生之不飽和層的壓降分佈。
本研究收集彰化縣芳苑鄉某工廠正進行的土壤抽氣實驗，做為驗證模式的依據，利用現場土壤特性與環境資料將所得之模擬結果與實場實測值進行比較。由於郭青霖(2013)的暫態解析模式並未考慮土壤異質特性，本研究修改其為可設定不同分區的土壤滲透係數值，以分析土壤經長期抽氣造成之膚層效應(skin effect)的影響，即細顆粒集中於井篩附近而降低滲透性的情況。本模式並與現有其他抽氣解析模式比較，以分析其優劣點。
本研究與現場實測資料比較顯示，藉由設定低滲透係數值所表示之膚層效應，模式可獲得與實測氣壓值較接近的結果，顯示目前實場因抽氣所呈現之低的氣壓差變化，實為由於低滲透之細顆粒集中於井篩附近的結果。
本研究亦就井篩底部與地下水位面的距離長短及井半徑大小分析抽氣所造成之影響半徑(ROI)的大小，由結果可知，井篩底部距離地下水位面越接近及井半徑越大，則ROI會較大，而在此抽氣條件下，本模式因考慮之井底與地下水位間之流域，故能夠較符合實際抽氣之氣壓變化及流速分佈的情況。

Unsaturated soil zones contaminated by volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) are often treated by soil vapor extraction (SVE). Under the operation of SVE, pressure gradients are induced in the unsaturated zone and make the contaminant vapors move to the extraction well, as a result that the vapors are collected and treated for remediating the unsaturated soils. In this study, the analytical model develop by Guo(2013) was assessed to apply at a field site for gas flow from a vertical SVE well operated under a constant pressure.
Data of venting tests performed at a field site in Changhua were collected and used for verifying the model. Environmental and soil characteristics of the site were implemented in the model for predicting pressure distribution under a SVE operated at the site. Because the original Guo’s model did not consider heterogeneity of soil systems. This study modified the model to consider different soil permeability zone existing in the soil. It then can analyze skin effect caused by long-term venting of the soil system. This modified model was assessed its capacities and advantages and compared to others.
The study shows that the model needs to implement a low permeability zone near the well to make prediction consistent with the measurements. This reveals that the small pressure changed in the soil at the site were probability due to negative skin effect which is caused by fine soil particles moved toward the well and formed a low permeability zone there. This study further forward that as well radius increases or as well bottom is more close water, the radius of influence (ROI) may increase. In addition, since the region below a well bottom is not considered in other models, the new model is more reliable on predicting the pressure distribution and flow field in the unsaturated zone, when well radius or the region between well bottom and water table is substantial.

致謝……………………………………………………………… i
中文摘要……………………………………………………… ii
Abstract…………………………………………………………… iv
目錄……………………………………………………………… vi
圖目錄…………………………………………………………… viii
表目錄……………………………………………………………... x
代表符號…………………………………………………………... xi
第一章緒論……………………………………………………… 1
1.1研究背景……………………………………………………… 1
1.2文獻回顧……………………………………………………… 2
1.2.1實場整治案例……………………………………………2
1.2.2影響SVE因子……………………………………………5
1.2.3 SVE解析與半解析模式…………………………………7
1.3研究目的……………………………………………………… 8
第二章數學模式…………………………………………………. 9
2.1模式方程式……………………………………………………9
2.2無因次壓力的解………………………………………………13
2.3井篩的空氣通量………………………………………………16
第三章實場案例…………………………………………………. 17
3.1場址背景資料…………………………………………………17
3.2雙向抽除法……………………………………………………23
第四章結果與討論……………………………………………….25
4.1實驗資料……………………………………………………… 25
4.2模式分析……………………………………………………… 32
4.3膚層效應……………………………………………………… 45
第五章結論與建議….……………………………………………54
5.1結論……………………………………………………………. 54
5.2建議……………………………………………………………. 55
參考文獻…………………………………………………………... 56
附錄A……………………………………………………………… 60

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