臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　本研究旨在建立創傷後成長之量化工具，以瞭解九二一地震後災區民眾心理症狀與創傷後成長之現況，同時亦探討災區民眾的心理症狀與創傷後成長之關係，並探究不同背景變項的災區民眾，在創傷後成長之差異情形。
　　本研究採問卷調查法，使用自編的「創傷後成長量表」與Wang（2010）改編的「創傷後心理症狀指標量表－短版」進行研究，並以滾雪球的方式抽取236位災區民眾作為正式研究對象。所得資料以探索性因素分析、驗證性因素分析、描述性統計、t考驗、單因子變異數分析及皮爾遜積差相關等統計方法進行分析。

　　本研究結果發現如下：
一、自編之「創傷後成長量表」經正式施測後，量表的同質性佳，有良好鑑別度與良好的構念效度，並有不錯的效標關聯效度；總量表內部一致性α為.981。綜論之，本量表信效度皆表現良好，為一頗佳的測量工具，能適切的測量出創傷後成長的程度。
二、災區民眾在心理症狀上呈現中度的心理症狀反應，在創傷後成長上呈現中低程度的反應。
三、災區民眾的創傷後心理症狀與創傷後成長具有高度相關。
四、不同性別的災區民眾，在創傷後成長的得分上無顯著差異。
五、不同破壞情形、重建情形、信念挑戰、社會支持、蓄意芻思與敘說分享情形的災區民眾，在創傷後成長的得分上有顯著差異存在。
　　整體而言，本研究的貢獻乃發展創傷後成長量表，進而協助心理助人工作者對災難後的心理重建能更有效地因應。根據研究結果，提出相關討論與具體建議，供災後心理重建實務與未來相關研究做為參考。

The main purpose of this study was to develop a quantitative measure to assess posttraumatic growth, to understand the situation of posttraumatic symptoms and posttraumatic growth, and to investigate the relationships between posttraumatic symptoms and posttraumatic growth of survivors in 921 Earthquake. Moreover, the study was to discuss the variables of different background.
The study adopted a method of questionnaire survey, and the instruments used in this study were “Posttraumatic Stress Response Index-Short Form”(Wang, 2010) and “Posttraumatic Growth Scale.” The study used snowball sampling to get the 236 survivors in 921 Earthquake as the sample of questionnaires. The study was analyzed by exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson product-moment correlation.
The main findings of this study were as follows:
1. The analysis results exhibited that the “Posttraumatic Growth Scale” was internal consistency, good degree of discrimination, good construct validity and criterion-related validity. It also showed the good reliability, the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the total scales was .981. In short, the scale was a quite good measurement.
2. The level of posttraumatic symptoms was middle, and the level of posttraumatic growth was lower middle of survivors in 921 Earthquake.
3. The relationships between posttraumatic symptoms and posttraumatic growth of survivors in 921 Earthquake was highly relevant.
4. The gender of survivors in 921 Earthquake showed no significant difference in posttraumatic growth.
5. The different damage, rebuilding, core belief challenge, social support, deliberate rumination and narrative of survivors in 921 Earthquake showed significant difference in posttraumatic growth.
Overall, the contribution of this study is to develop the “Posttraumatic Growth Scale,” and thus the psychological helpers to cope post-disaster psychological reconstruction effectively. According to the findings, the discussion and specific recommendations were for post-disaster psychological reconstruction practice and future related research.

第一章　緒論 1
第一節　研究動機與目的 1
第二節　研究問題與假設 8
第三節　名詞解釋 10
第四節　研究範圍與限制 12
第二章　文獻探討 13
第一節　九二一大地震對心理健康的影響 13
第二節　九二一地震之創傷後成長 25
第三節　影響創傷後成長的重要因子 35
第三章　研究方法 43
第一節　研究架構 43
第二節　研究對象 44
第三節　研究工具 47
第四節　研究步驟 59
第五節　資料處理與分析方法 61
第四章　研究結果 63
第一節　創傷後成長量表之驗證性分析結果 63
第二節　災區民眾心理症狀與創傷後成長之現況 73
第三節　心理症狀與創傷後成長之相關 77
第四節　不同背景變項於創傷後成長之差異情形 79
第五章　討論 89
第一節　創傷後成長量表正式施測結果 89
第二節　災區民眾的心理症狀與創傷後成長之現況 93
第三節　災區民眾的心理症狀與創傷後成長之相關性 97
第四節　不同背景變項的災區民眾在創傷後成長之差異分析 98
第六章 研究結論與未來建議 106
第一節　研究結論 106
第二節　研究貢獻與未來建議 110
參考文獻 116
附　　錄 126

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