臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究以大豆分離蛋白(isolated soy protein; ISP)作為主要材料，設計一大豆蛋白複合配方，並評估此大豆蛋白配方對於不易形成體脂肪
之功能，本研究以 20% 之高油脂飲食配方誘導大鼠肥胖，樣品劑量則
以美國食品藥物管制局所建議之每日建議攝取量(25 g/day)為基準，設
計低劑量及高劑量分別為每日攝取 28 g 及 56 g 大豆蛋白複合配方。實驗動物分成 4 組，分為正常控制組(NC)、高脂組(HF)、低劑量組(HFLD)及高劑量組(HFHD)。實驗結果顯示，與高脂組相比，攝取高劑量之大豆蛋白配方可以在不影響攝食量的情況下，明顯抑制肥胖大鼠之體重增加量及食物利用率，攝取高劑量之大豆蛋白配方也能顯著(p < 0.05)減少肥胖大鼠之內臟脂肪量，包括：腎周脂肪、副睪脂肪及總內臟脂肪等脂肪之重量百分比。與高脂組相較之下，大豆蛋白配方的攝取可以略微降低血清總膽固醇及總三酸甘油酯。肝臟的粗油脂含量與攝取大豆蛋白配方有明顯的劑量效應，低劑量及高劑量分別可顯著(p < 0.05)減少肝臟粗油脂 18.1%及 25.2%。整體而言，本實驗結果顯示，動物在長期攝取高劑量之大豆蛋白配方具有明顯降低體脂的效果，預期長期適量使用本配方具有改善或預防肥胖及其相關疾病之潛力。

In this study, a soy protein formula was developed from isolated soy protein (ISP) and its ability to reduce fat accumulation was determined.
Rats in this test were fed with high fat diets containing 20% fat to induce obesity. The dosage of ISP was give on the basis of the recommendation of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (25 grams of soy protein a day). The low and high dosages designated for
human consumption were 28 g and 56 g of ISP formula, respectively.
The rats were divided into four groups, namely; the normal control (NC) group, the high-fat diet (HF) group, the low-dose group (HFLD), and the high-dose group (HFHD). After feeding them with ISP diet for 11 weeks,
the results of the experiment showed that feeding rats with high dose of isolated soy protein could significantly (p < 0.05) reduce their body weight gain and food efficiency.ISP intakes could also significantly (p <0.05) lower visceral fat accumulations in the epididymal, perirenal areas and total visceral fat as well.The total cholesterol and total triglyceride
could be decreased slightly by the consumption of ISP. The data showed that there was a dose-dependent relationship between total liver fat and ISP intakes. There was significant (p < 0.05) reduction in total liver fat by 18.1% and 25.2%, in the low and high dose groups, respectively.
In conclusion, the results showed that the consumption ISP formula for 11 weeks could reduce the body fat accumulation significantly. The results suggested that ISP formula might have a potential to alleviate obesity and its complications.

中文摘要 ................................................................................................. i

英文摘要 ................................................................................................ ii

目次 ...................................................................................................... iii

表次 ...................................................................................................... vi

圖次 ...................................................................................................... vii


前言.......................................................................................................... 1

1. 文獻回顧 ............................................................................................ 3

1.1 肥胖的定義 .................................................................................. 3

1.1.1 身體質量指數 ........................................................................ 3

1.1.2 皮下脂肪厚度 ........................................................................ 4

1.1.3 腰圍 ........................................................................................ 4

1.1.4 生物電阻法 ............................................................................ 5

1.2 肥胖的分類 .................................................................................. 5

1.2.1 肥胖的普及化及其所帶來之健康危害 ................................ 6

1.2.2 目前全球之肥胖盛行率 ........................................................ 7

1.2.3 造成肥胖之原因 .................................................................... 7

1.3 大豆 .............................................................................................. 9

1.3.1 大豆分離蛋白 ...................................................................... 10

1.3.2 大豆分離蛋白之生理活性 .................................................. 10
1.3.3 大豆分離蛋白降低血脂及體脂肪合成之機轉 .................. 12

1.3.4 蛋白質消化率校正之胺基酸積分 ...................................... 14

1.3.5 大豆分離蛋白的安全性及應用 .......................................... 14

1.4 常見誘發大鼠肥胖之動物模式 ................................................ 16

2. 研究目的 .......................................................................................... 18

3. 研究設計與材料方法 ...................................................................... 19

3.1 樣品來源及飼料 ........................................................................ 19

3.2 動物模式與實驗架構 ................................................................. 19

3.3 各組別飼料之調配 ..................................................................... 21

3.4 動物犧牲及樣本收集 ................................................................. 21

3.5 攝食量與食物利用率測定 ......................................................... 22

3.6 臟器脂肪比率之測定 ................................................................. 22

3.7 血液及肝臟脂質之測定 ............................................................. 24

3.7.1 肝臟粗脂肪萃取 ................................................................. 24

3.7.2 血液及肝臟三酸甘油酯濃度測定 ..................................... 24

3.7.3 血液及肝臟總膽固醇濃度測定 ......................................... 25

3.7.4 血液低密度脂蛋白膽固醇之測定 ..................................... 25

3.7.5 血液高密度脂蛋白膽固醇測定 ......................................... 26

3.8 統計分析 ..................................................................................... 27

4. 結果與討論 ...................................................................................... 28

4.1 高脂飼料的選擇 ......................................................................... 28

4.2 飼料與攝食量 ............................................................................. 30
4.3 體重成長及食物利用率 ............................................................. 32

4.4 大豆蛋白複合配方對肥胖大鼠體脂肪組成之影響 ................. 39

4.5 大豆蛋白複合配方對臟器健康和相對重量之影響 ................. 43

4.6 大豆蛋白複合配方對於血液脂質之影響 ................................. 45

4.7 大豆蛋白複合配方對於肝臟及糞便脂質之影響 ..................... 48

5. 總結 .................................................................................................. 50

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