臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文主要在以基於可拓理論為基礎之可拓工程方法建立一套太
陽光電模組及電力調節器之最佳化組合評估系統。其應用可拓理論中之
物元模型及關聯函數，作為可拓評價方法之基礎，進而建立太陽光電模
組及太陽光電電力調節器之多級評價模型。所提可拓評估系統係以國內
市場上較常用之太陽光電模組及電力調節器產品進行評價測詴。其中，
太陽光電模組係以模組之價格、功率溫度係數、面積及重量等資訊建立
可拓物元模型，而電力調節器則依其輸入電壓範圍、最大功率追蹤電壓
範圍、最大功率追蹤器組數、最低工作電壓及最大輸入電流等資訊建立
可拓物元模型。首先，根據太陽光電模組及電力調節器所實際考量的因
素，決定可拓方法中各特徵之權重值，然後再以關聯函數分別計算使用
者之需求條件與各廠牌之太陽光電模組及電力調節器間的關聯度，進而
選出最符合需求之太陽光電發電系統。由測詴結果證實所提之可拓評估
系統確實可依使用者之不同需求，找出太陽光電發電系統關鍵設備間之
最佳化組合。

The main purpose of this thesis is to establish an optimal combination assessment system based on extension engineering method using extension theory for photovoltaic modules and power conditioners. The matter-element models and correlation functions of extension theory are used as the basis for establishing a multilevel evaluation model of
photovoltaic modules and power conditioners. Extension evaluation system referred to more commonly use on the domestic market of photovoltaic modules and photovoltaic power conditioner brands tested. Among them, the photovoltaic modules according to their price, temperature coefficient of output power, module size and weight of the module information to establish the matter-element models. And the power conditioners according to their input voltage range, MPPT voltage range, MPPT control numbers, minimum operating voltage, and maximum input current to create the
matter-element models. First, according to the practical consideration, the weightings of each characteristic in extension evaluation system are set, and then to calculate the correlation degree between users' needs and conditions
of each brand photovoltaic modules and power conditioners, and finally determine the most suitable photovoltaic power generation system. By the test results confirmed that the proposed method can be assessed according to the different needs of users, and find the optimal combination of key
equipments for a small scale photovoltaic power generation system.

中文摘要….………………………………………………………….... I
英文摘要………………………………………………………………. II
誌謝……………………………………………………………………. IV
目錄……………………………………………………………………. V
圖目錄…………………………………………………………………. VIII
表目錄…………………………………………………………………. IX
第一章 簡介…………………………………………………………... 1
1.1 研究背景與動機…………………………………………...... 1
1.2 研究方法…………………………………………………...... 3
1.3 論文大綱…………………………………………………...... 4
第二章 太陽光電發電系統…………………………………………... 6
2.1 前言……………………………………..…………………... 6
2.2 太陽光電模組之工作原理…...…………………………....... 6
2.3 太陽電池的分類……………………...................................... 8
2.3.1 矽太陽電池…………………….…………………... 8
2.3.2 化合物太陽電池……………….…………………... 9
2.3.3 聚光型………………………….…………………... 10
2.4 太陽電池的電氣特性……………........................................... 12
2.4.1 標準測詴條件………………….…………………... 12
2.4.2 太陽電池等效電路………………………………... 12
2.4.3 太陽電池主要參數.…..…..………………………... 14
2.5 電力調節器………..……………............................................. 18
2.5.1 電力調節器的功用…………….…………………... 18
2.5.2 直流轉交流功能……………….…………………... 18
2.5.3 最大功率點追蹤功能…………………………...…. 20
2.5.4 防孤島效應………………………………………… 21
2.5.5 電力調節器的種類………………………………… 23
2.5.6 電力調節器的技術性能…………………………… 23
2.6 太陽光電發電系統之連接方式分類....................................... 24
2.6.1 DC/AC 電力調節器之連接方式…………………… 25
2.6.1.1 中央集中式電力調節器………………………….… 25
2.6.1.2 多串式電力調節器……………………………….… 26
2.6.1.3 模組式電力調節器……………………………….… 26
第三章 可拓理論……………………………………………………... 28
3.1 前言………………………………………………………….. 28
3.2 可拓物元理論….………………...…………….…………….. 30
3.3 可拓集合….………………...………………….…………….. 31
3.4 關聯函數……….………………...…………….…………….. 32
第四章 太陽光電模組之最佳化選用………………………………... 34
4.1 前言………………………………………………………….. 34
4.2 收集太陽光電模組資料及特徵值選定…………………… 34
4.3 建立太陽光電模組可拓物元……….………….…….……. 38
4.3.1 太陽光電模組分級………………………………… 38
4.3.2 定義太陽光電模組物元模型…….……………….. 39
4.4 權重值之設定….……………….……………..……………. 47
4.5 彈性權重值之設定…………….…..……………………...... 47
4.6 實測結果…...……………………………………………...... 48
4.6.1 消費者主要考量因素為價格時之選用結
果 ……………………………..…………………… 48
4.6.2 消費者主要考量因素為功率溫度係數時之選用結
果 ……………………………..…………………… 51
4.6.3 消費者主要考量因素為面積時之選用結
果…………………………………………………… 51
4.6.4 消費者主要考量因素為重量時之選用結
4.6.4 消費者主要考量因素為重量時之選用結果……………………………56

第五章 太陽光電發電系統之電力調節器最佳化選用……………60
5.1 前言………………………………………………………….. 60
5.2電力調節器資料收集及特徵選定…………………………. 60
5.3建立電力調節器之物元模型建立..…………….…….……. 62
5.4權重值之選定…………………..……………..……………. 65
5.5以可拓方法選用電力調節器之測試結果……..……………. 66
第六章 太陽光電發電系統之最佳化組合…………………………... 71
6.1 前言…………………………………………………………. 71
6.2太陽光電發電系統之最佳化策略.………………….….….. 71
第七章 結論及未來研究方向………………………………………... 74
7.1 總結………………………………………………………….. 74
7.2 未來研究方向….…………………………...……………….. 75
參考文獻………………………………………………………………. 76
作者簡歷………………………………………………………………. 80

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