臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文使用聚乙烯亞胺(polyethyleneimine簡稱b-PEI) 做為反式有機太陽能電池之電子萃取層，研究b-PEI的製程參數對太陽能電池光伏特性的影響，並研究元件的操作穩定性，最後，則與傳統順式元件比較之，傳統順式元件一般使用poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT)為電荷萃取層。電池元件的主動層材料選用高分子聚３-已基噻吩[Poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl)，P3HT]為電子施體與[6,6]-苯基-C61-丁酸甲酯 [(6,6)-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester]為電子受體。本論文利用X光繞射光譜、原子力顯微鏡、紫外-可見光吸收光譜與拉曼光譜，研究主動層薄膜在不同製程參數的b-PEI層的微結構變化，並探討其與元件光伏特性的關聯性。

　 實驗結果顯示b-PEI的製程參數明顯影響反式有機太陽能電池的光伏特性，當使用甲醇為溶劑和180 oC的成膜溫度製作b-PEI 層，再將元件在150 oC進行熱退火處理，元件之光電轉換效率可達3.21%，優於傳統製程製作的順式有機太陽能電池（效率為2.46%）。結構分析發現b-PEI薄膜的製程參數會影響到後續主動層的微結構，在最佳製程參數的b-PEI薄膜上，P3HT有較佳的縱向結晶性與較短的共軛鏈長，且表面有較多突出區，有利電荷進行縱向傳輸，因此元件有較高的短路電流與較佳的光電轉換效率，優於使用PEDOT:PSS電荷萃取層之傳統順式元件。我們進一步發現使用b-PEI電子萃取層的反式元件的壽命遠優於傳統順式元件。

This thesis investigated the photovoltaic properties of poly(3-hexylthio -phene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT, electron donor):(6,6)-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM, electron acceptor)-based inverted-type bulk-heterojunction organic solar cells (BHJ OSCs) using polyethyleneimine (b-PEI) as the electron extraction layer. The effects of fabrication conditions of the b-PEI layer on the photovoltaic parameters and stability of the inverted-type BHJ OSCs were studied and then compared to the conventional P3HT:PCBM -based normal-type BHJ OSCs with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly (styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as a charge extraction layer. We studied the correlation between the morphology of the photo-active layer and the photovoltaic properties of the OSCs in terms of x-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy, absorption spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy.

The results revealed that the fabrication conditions of b-PEI layer have significant effects on the photovoltaic properties of the inverted-type BHJ OSCs. A power conversion efficiency (PSC) up to 3.21% of the inverted-type BHJ OSCs was obtained when the b-PEI layer was prepared from methanol solution and baked at 180 oC, and then post-annealed at 150 oC. The photovoltaic performance was superior to conventional normal-type P3HT:PCBM-based BHJ-OSCs (PSC of 2.46%). Structural analysis results indicated that the b-PEI layer conditions have large effects on the structural properties of the P3HT:PCBM photo-active layer. With the optimized fabrication conditions of the b-PEI layer, we observed that the P3HT component in the photo-active layer exhibit a better crystallization along the a-axis and shorter effective conjugation length, thus benefiting charge transport to the electrode. The resulting inverted-type BHJ OSCs exhibit higher short-circuit current than that of the normal-type BHJ OSCs. Finally, we highlight that the inverted-type BHJ OSCs with the b-PEI layer exhibit improved operational stability compared to the conventional normal-type BHJ OSCs

中文摘要 I
Abstract III
致謝 V
目錄 VI
表目錄 IX
圖目錄 X

第一章、緒論 1
1-1前言 1
1-2太陽能電池發展簡介 2
1-3 有機太陽能電池發展歷史 5
1-4 研究動機 11
第二章、有機太陽能電池簡介與原理 15
2-1太陽光譜 15
2-2光電效應與光伏特效應 17
2-3有機太陽能電池之等效電路 19
2-4有機太陽能電池的基本參數 21
2-5影響太陽能電池效率之因素 23
第三章、元件製程與量測儀器原理 30
3-1實驗材料 30
3-2元件製作流程 32
3-2-1 主動層溶液配製 32
3-2-2 順式有機太陽能電池元件製程 32
3-2-3 反式有機太陽能電池元件製程 34
3-3實驗分析儀器 36
3-3-1 太陽光模擬器與IV量測系統 36
3-3-2紫外光-可見光吸收光譜儀 37
3-3-3 多功能X光薄膜繞射儀 37
3-3-4 原子力顯微鏡 38
3-3-5 拉曼光譜儀 39
第四章、反式有機太陽能電池之光伏特性研究及其與順式有機太陽能電池比較 44
4-1 不同b-PEI製程參數之反式有機太陽能電池元件光電特性 44
4-1-1 操作變因為溶劑 44
4-1-2 操作變因為重量百分比濃度 45
4-1-3 操作變因為薄膜的熱烤溫度 45
4-1-4 操作變因為元件之熱退火溫度 45
4-2主動層P3HT:PC61BM成膜於不同b-PEI薄膜之X光繞射光譜 47
4-3 順式與反式有機太陽能電池元件光電特性之比較 48
4-3-1 原子力顯微鏡影像分析 48
4-3-2 紫外-可見光光譜分析 49
4-3-3 拉曼光譜分析 50
4-4 順式與反式有機太陽能電池之元件壽命比較 52
第五章、總結與未來展望 79
5-1 總結 79
5-2 未來展望 81
參考文獻 82

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