臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究目的在評估田間懷孕母豬使用豬生殖和呼吸道綜合症病毒 (Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, PRRSV) 減毒疫苗後對其繁殖性能和其後代的生長性能及其病原分佈之影響。以懷孕 75 - 84 天母豬採血檢測 PRRSV 抗體後，分成高 (H)、低 (L) 抗體組各 30 頭後，每組再分成施打疫苗組 (HV, LV) 和對照組 (HC, LC) 各15 頭；而每組後代仔豬隨機選取各 80 頭，在分娩後第 4、6、8、10和12 週齡進行採血和扁桃刮片各 24 頭，以酵素聯合免疫吸附試驗 (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; ELISA) 檢測 PRRSV 抗體，反轉錄聚合酶鏈鎖反應 (Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction; RT - PCR) 和聚合酶鏈鎖反應 (Polymerase chain reaction; PCR) 檢測PRRSV、豬第二型環狀病毒 (Porcine circovirus type 2; PCV2)、豬肺炎黴漿菌 (Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae; Mhp) 和豬巴氏桿菌 (Pasteurella multocida; Pm) 等病原。結果顯示在高抗體組母豬 (H) 其後代豬隻相對於低抗體組的後代 (L) 在保育階段表現出較持久的移行抗體保護、較佳的 PRRSV 病毒血症清除能力、較低的死亡率 (2.5 %)、較高的日增重 (0.38 kg / day) 和較好的飼料換肉率 (1.89)。哺乳期仔豬育成率 HV 組 (92.15 ± 16.62) 均優於其他各組，且有顯著性差異 (P<0.05)。根據以上結果，田間懷孕母豬維持較高的 PRRSV 抗體並持續補強免疫，對其後代有較佳的生長性能表現。

摘要……………………………………………………………...…........…………..…….…..…I
Abstract……………………………………………………………………….....……………II
縮寫對照……………………………………………………………………….....……………III
目次……………………………………………………………………........…………….. ….. IV
表次…………………………………………………..……………...........…………………..XIII
圖次……………………………………………………...……………………......……………. IX

第一章 緒言………………………………………………………………………….......…..1
第二章 文獻探討……………………………………………………………….………......3
第一節 豬生殖與呼吸道綜合症病毒……………...........………………………..3
第二節 豬第二型環狀病毒………………………………....……………………….4
第三節 豬肺炎黴漿菌…………………………………….......……………………..6
第四節 豬巴氏桿菌…………………...................…………....……………………..8
第五節 豬生殖與呼吸道綜合症病毒疫苗相關研究……...……………………9
第三章 材料與方法………………………………………………...……………………12
第一節 實驗設計………………………………………………...……..……….……12
第二節 實驗材料………………………………………………...……...……………13
3.2.1 試驗動物背景…………………………………………...…………………13
3.2.2 實驗動物背景與飼養模式……………………………...…………………13
3.2.3 疫苗注射與採樣………………………………………...…………………14
第三節 臨床效益評估…………………………………………...…………………14
3.3.1 母豬繁殖性能…………………………………………...…………………14
3.3.1.1 分娩率…………………………………………....………………… 14
3.3.1.2 平均產仔頭數…………………………………....…………………15
3.3.1.3 活仔平均增重…………………………………...…………………15
3.3.1.4 離乳仔豬平均隻日增重………………………...…………………15
3.3.1.5 離乳前仔豬死亡率……………………………...…………………15
3.3.2 保育豬生長性能………………………………………...…………………15
3.3.2.1 平均日增重……………………………………...…………………15
3.3.2.2 飼料換肉率……………………………………...…………………15
3.3.2.3 死亡率…………………………………………...…………………15
第四節 酵素免疫吸附試驗………………………………….......…………………16
3.4.1 PRRSV血清抗體檢測……………………………….......…………………16
第五節 聚合酶鏈鎖反應之儀器及商品化試劑………….....…………………16
3.5.1 病原核酸萃取………………………………………......…..……………16
3.5.1.1 RNA樣本萃取……………………………………..………………16
3.5.1.2 DNA樣本萃取……………………………………..………………17
3.5.2 引子對之製備…………………………………………....………………17
3.5.2.1 反轉錄聚合酶鏈鎖反應…………………………...………………17
3.5.2.2 聚合酶鏈鎖反應…………………………………...………………17
第六節 統計軟體分析…………………………………………………….…………18
第四章 結果…………………………………………………………...……………………19
第一節 實驗前母豬血清抗體………………………….............…………………19
第二節 臨床效益……………………………………………........…………………19
4.2.1 母豬繁殖性能…………………………………………...…………………19
4.2.1.1 分娩率…………………………………………....………………… 19
4.2.1.2 平均產仔頭數…………………………………....…………………19
4.2.1.3 活仔平均增重…………………………………...…………………20
4.2.1.4 離乳仔豬平均隻日增重………………………...…………………20
4.2.1.5 離乳前仔豬死亡率……………………………...…………………20
4.2.2 保育豬生長性能………………………………………...…………………20
4.2.2.1 平均日增重……………………………………...…………………20
4.2.2.2 飼料換肉率……………………………………...…………………21
4.2.2.3 死亡率…………………………………………...…………………21
第三節 PRRS抗體結果…………………………………….......…………………21
4.3.1 母豬PRRSV抗體消長……………………………….......………………21
4.3.1.1 母豬PRRSV抗體陽性率……………………….......………………21
4.3.1.2 母豬PRRSV抗體S/P平均值………………….......………………21
4.3.2 保育豬PRRSV抗體消長…………………………….......………………22
4.3.2.1 保育豬PRRSV抗體陽性率…………………….......………………22
4.3.2.2 保育豬PRRSV抗體S/P平均值……………….......………………22
第四節 病原檢測結果…………………………………………….....………………22
4.4.1 PRRSV病原檢測陽性率………………………………....………………23
4.4.1.1 扁桃腺中病原陽性率……………………………....………………23
4.4.1.2 血清中病原陽性率………………………………....………………23
4.4.2 PCV2病原檢測陽性率…………………………………………....………24
4.4.2.1 扁桃腺中病原陽性率……………………………....………………24
4.4.2.2 血清中病原陽性率………………………………....………………24
4.4.3 豬肺炎黴漿菌與豬巴氏桿菌病原陽性率………………………...………25
第五章 討論……………………………...………………………………………....………26
第一節 臨床效益……………………………………………………….........………26
第二節 保育豬生長性能…………………………………………………..………27
第三節 抗體檢測評估…………………………………………….………..………28
第四節 其後代仔豬抗原檢測評估………………………….…………..………29
5.4.1 扁桃腺中各病源的狀態………………………………....………………29
5.4.1.1 豬生殖和呼吸道綜合症病毒病原陽性率………....………………29
5.4.1.2 豬第二型環狀病毒病原陽性率…………………....………………30
5.4.2 血清中各病原的狀態…………………………………………....………31
5.4.2.1 豬生殖和呼吸道綜合症病毒病原陽性率………....………………31
5.4.2.2 豬第二型環狀病毒病原陽性率…………………....………………32
5.4.3 豬肺炎黴漿菌與豬巴氏桿菌病原的狀態………………………...………32
第五節 總結………………………………………………………….………..………33
第六章 參考文獻……………………………………………………………….....………63

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