動態能力在策略管理領域需要進一步拉近概念與驗證上的差距，本文基於動態能力理論探討組織寬裕在策略性資源配置上的角色。根據過去的文獻，本研究認為動態能力係由六要件組成：察覺或形塑機會與威脅的組織寬裕、掌握機會的的創新投資、管理威脅與重置的組織能力及資源調整、環境變動性及組織績效。公司能理解由這些要件組成的架構—啟動動態能力，有助於提升對持續優勢的瞭解。
本研究設計包括二個子研究，一個著重管理認知，另一個強調於跨期間的縱向關係。研究一，以組織認知探究組織寬裕、能力及績效之間的關係，提出一個組織寬裕如何影響組織績效的模型，並解釋組織能力的成因與影響。以結構方程模式進行分析，研究結果指出：(1) 財務寬裕會正向影響策略彈性，而作業寬裕會負向影響組織學習；(2) 策略彈性會透過協調，對財務績效產生正向影響；(3) 組織學習僅會透過重置，對創新與品牌績效產生正向影響。
研究二，以縱向中介模式檢驗創新投資中介組織寬裕與績效之間的關係。研究結果顯示，創新投資與績效間存在正向關係，但這個關係並未受到環境動所調節。
這些結果顯示，(1)不同類型的組織寬裕會對於組織績效產生不同的影響，而組織能力與資源調整，在整個的影響過程中則扮演著重要的橋接角色；(2)組織寬裕、創新投資與組織績效之間存在影響關係。

關鍵字：動態能力、組織寬裕、創新投資、組織能力、環境變動

Dynamic capabilities in strategy management have need further to narrow down the gap between conceptual and empirical grounding. This dissertation is based on theory of dynamic capabilities to explore the role of organizational slack on strategic resource allocation. Building on the prior literature, this research argues that the dynamic capabilities are composed of six components: organizational slack (sensing and shaping opportunities and threats), innovaiton investment (seizing opportinities), organizational capability and resource arrangement (managing threats and reconfiguration), environmental tubulence, and performance. Comprehending what framework consisting of these components can initiate dynamic capabilities of a firm, will enhance our understanding of sustainable advantages.
Research designs in this study included two sub-studies. One focuses on managerial cognition, and the other emphasizes on longitudinal relationship. The first study, through organizational cognition, develops a model to explain causes and effects of organizational capabilities by describing how organizational slack affects organizational performance. Results of structural equation modeling indicate that: (1) financial slack has a positive effect on strategic flexibility, but operational slack has a negative effect on organizational learning; (2) through the mediation of coordination, strategic flexibility has an indirect positive effect on financial performance; (3) through the mediation of reconfiguration, organizational learning has an indirect positive effect on innovation performance and brand performance.
The second study, using longitudinal mediation model, examines innovation investment mediates the relationship between organizational slack and performance. Results indicate that there is a positive relationship between innovation investment and performance, but environmental turbulence has no moderating effect on the observed relationship.
These results reveal that: (1) different forms of organizational slack exercise different influences on organizational performance, and organizational capabilities and resource rearrangement play important bridging roles in this process; (2) there exist the influence relationship between organizational slack, innovation investment, and performance.

Keywords: dynamic capabilities, organizational slack, innovation investment, organizational capability, environmental turbulence

誌 謝 i
摘 要 iii
Abstract v
目 錄 vii
表目錄 ix
圖目錄 xi
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究目的 8
第三節 研究問題 13
第二章 文獻探討 17
第一節 動態能力理論 17
第二節 組織寬裕與組織能力 22
第三節 資源調整與組織績效 30
第四節 環境變動 34
第三章 研究架構 37
第一節 總體研究架構 37
第二節 組織寬裕與組織績效的認知關係 39
第三節 組織寬裕與組織績效的跨期影響關係 47
第四節 組織能力與環境變動的調節作用關係 52
第四章 研究方法 55
第一節 研究設計原則 55
第二節 組織認知過程研究 56
第三節 資源與環境影響過程研究 62
第五章 研究結果分析 67
第一節 組織行為過程分析 67
第二節 資源跨期影響過程分析 76
第三節 組織能力與環境變動的跨期調節效果分析 81
第四節 研究結果比較 85
第六章 討論 89
第一節 不同組織寬裕影響之比較 89
第二節 不同期間影響之比較 91
第七章 結論 93
第一節 研究結論 93
第二節 研究貢獻 95
第三節 研究限制與建議 99
參考文獻 101
附錄一 研究一問卷題項 115

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