虛擬化技術目前已被廣泛應用於雲端資料中心，除了可提供更大
量的運算資源外，也可提升實體機器的資源利用率。負載平衡(Load
Balancing)機制的目標為解決資料中心中的實體機器負載不平衡的狀
況，避免某些實體機器的負載過重而導致服務品質下降，提升整體系
統的穩定度與可用性，維持一定程度的服務品質；伺服器整合
(Consolidation)機制的目標為解決資料中心的大量能源消耗與提升實
體機器的資源利用率。在雲端資料中心中，負載平衡與伺服器整合均
可透過虛擬機器的即時遷移(Live Migration)來完成。由於負載平衡與
伺服器整合為兩項不同目標與執行方式的管理機制，對於雲端服務供
應商來說，如何在兩項機制間取得折衷的結果是非常重要的。在本篇
論文中，我們透過限制虛擬機器的遷移條件以及限制虛擬機器與實體
機器的數量比，減少虛擬機器的搬遷與限制伺服器整合的程度，並且
針對實體機器的資源剩餘量與虛擬機器的資源使用量進行評分的方
式，為虛擬機器挑選最適合的遷移目標，達到節能與高服務品質的目
標，並同時減少實體機器間資源利用率的差距。

Virtualization technique that is used for sharing physical resources
and hence increasing the resource utilization is one of the key factors of
the recent success of cloud computing. In particular, the effective
deployment of virtual machines (VMs) in a cloud data center could
maximize the effectiveness of the shared resources and
achieve economies of scale of cloud computing. In this thesis, we propose
an energy-aware algorithm for effective VM deployment to provide users
high quality of service (QoS). In a data center, when physical servers are
in low loading, to save energy cost, consolidation that migrate all the
VMs to a small number of physical servers and turn off or hibernate other
physical server is a way the save energy. However, improper sever
consolidation may overload physical servers and increase the chance of
violation of user Service Level Agreement (SLA violation), degrading the
user QoS. Furthermore, in a data center, load balance amid physical serer
is also an important task for fault tolerance. In this thesis, by real-time
monitoring the available resources in physical servers and adequately
designing the priority of each VM and physical server, we propose
effective VM off loading and migration mechanism. The intense
simulation is carried out on the cloud simulator, CloudSim. The
simulation results show that our algorithms provide much better user QoS
(much less SL violation) while in the similar or less energy cost compared
to other representative algorithms in the literature.

摘要 .............................................................................................................................. I
誌謝 ............................................................................................................................IV
文字目錄 .................................................................................................................... V
圖目錄...................................................................................................................... VII
表目錄......................................................................................................................... X
第一章 緒論 .............................................................................................................. 1
1-1 前言................................................................................................................ 1
1-2 研究動機........................................................................................................ 4
第二章 相關研究 ..................................................................................................... 7
第三章 CLOUDSIM ............................................................................................ 21
3-1 CLOUDSIM 系統架構 ................................................................................... 21
3-2 CLOUDSIM 設計與執行 ............................................................................... 23
3-3 總結.............................................................................................................. 24
第四章 演算法設計 .............................................................................................. 25
第五章 模擬結果比較 ......................................................................................... 35
5-1 模擬環境設置.............................................................................................. 35
5-2 PLANET LAB 記錄檔模擬 ............................................................................. 38
5-3 隨機使用率模擬.......................................................................................... 44
5-4 隨機高使用率模擬...................................................................................... 52
5-5 特殊情況模擬.............................................................................................. 59
第六章 結論 ............................................................................................................ 67
REFERENCE ......................................................................................................... 69
作者簡歷 ................................................................................................................... 73

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