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研究生:林嘉凌
研究生(外文):Chia-Ling Lin
論文名稱:α-水芹烯對白蝦生理及免疫調節之影響
論文名稱(外文):Effects of α-phellandrene on the Physiological and Immune Responses in White Shrimp, Litopenaeus Vannamei
指導教授:謝淑玲謝淑玲引用關係
指導教授(外文):Shu-Ling Hsieh
口試委員:吳志忠張月萍
口試委員(外文):Chih-Chung WuYueh-Ping Chang
口試日期:2014-07-28
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立高雄海洋科技大學
系所名稱:水產食品科學研究所
學門:農業科學學門
學類:食品科學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2014
畢業學年度:102
語文別:中文
論文頁數:116
中文關鍵詞:α-水芹烯南美白蝦免疫生理
外文關鍵詞:α-phellandrenewhite shrimpimmunephysiological
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α-水芹烯 (α-phellandrene, α-PA),是屬於一種環狀的單萜類 (cyclic monoterpenes) 化合物,是日常生活中蔬菜或香辛料中重要的活性成分,α-水芹烯已被證實具有抗菌、抗氧化、抗癌、降血脂及提升免疫力等之作用。研究探討α-水芹烯對南美白蝦生理與免疫反應之影響,給予南美白蝦注射不同劑量α-水芹烯 (4、8或12 μg g-1) 在不同時間 (0、6、12、24、48 和72小時),進行生理反應測定,包含血淋巴葡萄糖、乳酸、三酸甘油酯和蛋白質之表現變化以及先天非特異性免疫反應,包含酚氧化酶活性 (phenoloxidase, PO)、呼吸爆活性 (respiratory burst, RB)、超氧歧化酶活性 (superoxide dismutase, SOD) 以及總血球數 (total haemocyte counts, THC) 之測定。結果顯示在生理反應方面,給予南美白蝦注射α-水芹烯後,能穩定維持的血淋巴葡萄糖、血淋巴乳酸和血淋巴蛋白質含量而會提高血淋巴三酸甘油酯含量。另外免疫反應方面,給予α-水芹烯12 μg g-1經6小時後 PO 活性有顯著性增加;RB 活性結果中給予α-水芹烯12小時後 RB 活性,各組均有顯著性增加的現象,其中以8 μg g-1組最為顯著增加;而在 SOD 活性結果中,給予南美白蝦注射α-水芹烯12小時後開始 SOD 活性有增加的現象,以12 μg g-1組為顯著增加;給予南美白蝦注射α-水芹烯12 μg g-1後,在12小時 THC 會顯著性增加。在感染試驗結果,給予南美白蝦8 μg g-1 α-水芹烯能抵抗白點症病毒 (white spot syndrome virus, WSSV) 之感染及提高存活率。綜合上結果可以得知,給予南美白蝦注射8和12 μg g-1 α-水芹烯12小時後,可以提升白蝦免疫能力及抵抗 WSSV 之感染。
α-phellandrene (α-PA) is a kind of cyclic monoterpenes compounds, which is a common active principle from essential oil of dietary specie or herb. α-PA active has been shown antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer, hypolipidemic and improve immune of function. To investigate the regulatory roles of α-PA in physiological and immune responses in shrimp, we examined innate physiological responses (including haemolymph glucose, lactate, triglycerides and protein), non-specific immune responses (including phenoloxidase (PO), respiratory bursts (RB), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and total haemocyte count (THC)) in white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) that were individually injected with the α-PA at 4, 8, and 12 µg g-1. The results indicated shrimp injected with the α-PA can maintain stability glucose, lactate, and protein levels. PO activity of shrimps receiving the α-PA at 12 µg g-1 significantly increased at 12 hour. Shrimp receiving the α-PA had significantly increased RB activity at 12 hour, particularly 8 µg g-1 had significantly increased. The SOD activity and THC of shrimp that received the α-PA at 12 μg g-1 was significantly higher at 12 hour. The survival rate of shrimp injected with the α-PA at 8 µg g-1 was higher than that of shrimp injected saline, their enhanced resistance against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infections.
This study suggests that injected with the α-PA of 8 and 12 µg g-1 at 12 hour can enhance immunity and not change physiological homeostasis in white shrimp.

摘要 I
Abstract III
致謝 IV
圖目錄 XI
表目錄 XII
縮寫對照表 XIV
壹、前言 1
貳、文獻整理 4
一、α-水芹烯簡介 4
(一) 植物中活性成分─ α-水芹烯 4
(二) α-水芹烯 (α-phellandrene) 研究現況 7
二、蝦類養殖現況 11
(一) 南美白蝦 (Litopenaeus vannamei) 11
(二) 蝦類病原菌 11
(三) 白點症病毒 (white spot syndrome virus) 12
(四) 蝦類免疫刺激物 14
三、甲殼類動物之生理因子 20
(一) 血淋巴葡萄糖 (glucose) 20
(二) 血淋巴乳酸 (lactate) 21
(三) 血淋巴三酸甘油脂 (triglycerides) 22
(四) 血淋巴蛋白質 (protein) 22
四、甲殼類動物之免疫機制 23
(一) 體液免疫 (humoral immune) 24
(二) 細胞免疫 (cellular immune) 24
五、蝦類初代細胞 29
參、研究目的 32
肆、材料與方法 33
一、實驗儀器 33
二、實驗藥品 33
三、實驗材料 34
四、實驗動物 35
五、實驗設計 35
(一) 生理及免疫試驗 35
(二) 細胞試驗 38
六、實驗方法 39
(一) 試驗藥品之配置 39
(二) 白蝦血淋巴液之採集 40
(三) 蝦血淋巴液生理指標分析 41
(四) 蝦血淋巴液免疫指標分析 43
(五) 白點症病毒感染試驗 46
(六) 培養白蝦初代血球細胞 46
伍、結果 49
一、白蝦注射不同劑量α-水芹烯之生理反應結果 49
(一) 白蝦注射不同劑量α-水芹烯對血淋巴葡萄糖之影響 49
(二) 白蝦注射不同劑量α-水芹烯對血淋巴乳酸之影響 51
(三) 白蝦注射不同劑量α-水芹烯對血淋巴三酸甘油脂之影響 53
(四) 白蝦注射不同劑量α-水芹烯對血淋巴蛋白質之影響 55
二、白蝦注射不同劑量α-水芹烯之免疫反應結果 57
(一) 白蝦注射不同劑量α-水芹烯對酚氧化酶活性之影響 57
(二) 白蝦注射不同劑量α-水芹烯對呼吸爆活性之影響 59
(三) 白蝦注射不同劑量α-水芹烯對超氧歧化酶活性之影響 61
(四) 白蝦注射不同劑量α-水芹烯對總血球數之影響 63
三、白蝦注射不同劑量α-水芹烯對白點症病毒感染存活率之結果 65
(一) 白蝦對不同濃度白點症病毒感染存活率之影響 65
(二) 白蝦對白點症病毒生存率 LD50 之影響 67
(三) 白蝦注射不同劑量α-水芹烯後對白點症病毒感染存活率之影響 68
四、α-水芹烯處理白蝦初代血球細胞對細胞生存率之影響 70
(一) α-水芹烯處理白蝦初代血球細胞1小時對細胞生存率之影響 70
(二) α-水芹烯處理白蝦初代血球細胞6小時對細胞生存率之影響 73
(四) α-水芹烯處理白蝦初代血球細胞12小時對細胞生存率之影響 76
(五) α-水芹烯處理白蝦初代血球細胞24小時對細胞生存率之影響 79
(六) α-水芹烯處理白蝦初代血球細胞不同時間對細胞生存率之影響 82
陸、討論 84
一、白蝦注射不同劑量α-水芹烯之生理反應影響 84
二、白蝦注射不同劑量α-水芹烯之免疫反應影響 86
三、白蝦注射不同劑量α-水芹烯對白點症病毒感染存活率影響 87
四、α-水芹烯處理白蝦初代血球細胞對細胞生存率之影響 88
捌、參考文獻 91

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