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The period from 1980s to 1990s has witnessed the increasingly use of the form of matrix organization. Many enterprises start to use the matrix organization, to perform operations or project through the matrix organization designed that allow the enterprises have the competitive power. But if not effectively use the benefits of the matrix organization, enterprises may fail due to a matrix organization, which led to lower business performance and competitiveness decline. In the matrix organization operation, the common problem is the role of conflict affected its business operations or project execution. The matrix organization must make good use of organizational design span, and consider the organizational culture of adaptability. This study goal in the discussion the role conflict, organizational design and organizational culture. In IBM ''s case, in-depth interviews with qualitative analysis, thus obtains the following conclusion: 1. In matrix organization, the appropriate organizational design can weaken the impact of role conflict. 2. In matrix organization, organizational culture can weaken the impact of role conflict. 3. To operate matrix organization success, organizational design span is the key factor. 4. To operate matrix organization success, adaptability to its organizational culture is the key factor.
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