此篇論文的主要研究，是以無機混合有機的太陽能電池。無機混有機的太陽能電池製作方式，是先在清洗後的ITO玻璃基板上，以旋轉塗佈方式鋪上ZnO，接著再以旋轉塗佈的方式鋪上高分子材料P3HT/PCBM作為主動層，再鋪上V2O5，接著轉印上石墨烯作為上電極製作出可從雙面吸收光能的太陽能電池。除此之外，我們在其中摻雜金的奈米粒子，藉由其表面電漿共振效應增加整體效率，以此結構做出的太陽能電池特點在其製程為全溶液製程，製作成本低廉，且實用性極高。
根據分析發現，元件效率的提升最主要的原因是藉由金的奈米粒子造成的表面電漿共振效應，使得載子較容易自元件中導出，元件因此有較高的光電流及整體效率，依照此結論我們可以更進一步的製造出更有效率的有機太陽能電池。

This thesis mainly focuses on the research of inorganic/organic hybrid solar cells. The inorganic/organic hybrid solar cells are made from ZnO nanoparticles, V2O5, and P3HT/PCBM. After cleaning the ITO glass, ZnO nanoparticles were spin coated on the silver nanowires followed by spin-coating P3HT/PCBM as the active layer. After that, V2O5 was deposited on the active layer through spin-coating method as well. We then transferred the CVD graphene onto the V2O5 layer as the top electrode to make the solar cell that can absorb luminous energy from double sides. Further, we doped the gold nanoparticles into the V2O5 layer to improve the performance of the photovoltaic devices by taking advantage of the surface plasmon resonance effect of the metallic nanospheres..
This device features for all solution process, low cost, and diverse applications. According to our study, the main reasons for the increased efficiency of solar cells can be attributed to the surface plasmon resonance effect from the Au nanoparticles, exporting more charges out of the active layer. An improved device performance is thus achieved.

Contents
1. Introduction …………….…………………………………………..1
Reference ………………………………………………………………4
2. Theoretical Background ……………….…………………………5
2.1 The principle of solar cell …………………………...………………5
2.1.1 Solar Radiation ..…………………………………………………5
2.1.2 Photovoltaic effect…………………………………..……………7
2.1.3 Open circuit voltage.………………………………………...……9
2.1.4 Short circuit current………………………………….…..………10
2.1.5 Filling factor＆efficiency .……………………..…..……………11
2.1.6 Equivalent circuit of a Solar Cell ………………………………12
2.1.7 Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Effect on Metal Nanoparticles……………………………………………………13
Reference. ……….……………………………….……………………17
3. Equipment and Material Design…………………..……………18
3.1 Equipment ………………………….………………………………18
3.1.1 Scanning electron microscopy.…………………………………18
3.1.2 Thermal evaporation ..………………….…………………….…20
3.1.3 Solar simulator……………………………………………….…22
3.2 Material design ………………………………………………….…22
3.2.1 ZnO nanoparticles………………………………………………22
3.2.2 V2O5……………….……………………………………………24
3.2.3 Organic materials.………………………………………………24
3.2.4 Graphene………………………………………………………..25
Reference………………………………………………………………27
4. Experimental Results and Discussion……………......................28
4.1 Introduction……………………………………………………..…28
4.2 Experiment..……………………………………………………….29
4.3 Results and discussion……………………………………………..31
4.4 Summary …………….……………………………………………34
4.5 Figure..…………………………………………………………….35
Reference ………………….…………………………………………..38
5. Conclusion…………………………………………………………41

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