本研究旨在開發一創新微流體反應元件，藉在微流體系統下表面積體積比較大的特性，大幅增加其反應介面以提高常溫條件下轉酯化反應之轉化率。利用簡單的十字結構並以液珠生成的方式進行生質柴油的產製，結果可於常溫攝氏23度、反應時間60秒內達到99%的反應轉化率，相較於使用複雜流道結構對反應流場進行擾動以強化混合卻還須進行加溫的方式更佳。
實驗中所使用的液珠式反應元件分成微米與毫米兩種流道，於常溫攝氏23度下進行實驗時，微米流道可生成直徑約110微米的液珠，並在反應時間10秒的情況下達到62.4%的反應轉化率；而毫米流道所生成的液珠直徑約1360微米，體積大於微米流道液珠將近二千倍，卻可在反應時間40秒達到90%的轉化率，將反應時間延長至60秒則更可達到99.9%的完全反應；因此產量高、製作簡單且便宜的毫米流道比起微米流道更具有優勢及發展潛力。
液珠形式的反應方法不只可直接提升其反應介面以有效地加速反應，還可藉由反應後生質柴油會直接溶於甲醇相，而甘油則會留於子彈型液珠中的方式來進行後續分離、純化研究的設計，例如可在下游流道處加裝一表面經改質的額外支流將反應後的液珠導走以移除甘油與殘餘大豆油，並在分離後導入純水利用擴散的方式洗去甲醇與催化劑。利用本研究所開發出具有低耗能及高反應速率等優點的替代能源產製系統，預期可大幅提升生質能源於市場上之競爭力。

誌謝 i
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
目錄 iv
圖表目錄 vii
符號說明 ix
第一章 前言 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究動機與願景 2
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2.1 微流體系統 (microfluidics system) 3
2.2 微混合器 (micromixer) 4
2.2.1 主動式微混合器 4
2.2.2 被動式微混合器 6
2.3 微反應器 (microreactor) 8
2.3.1 化學微反應器 8
2.3.2 生物微反應器 9
2.4 液珠式微流體 (droplet-based microfluidics) 10
2.4.1 液珠生成 10
2.4.2 液珠控制與應用 11
2.5 轉酯化反應產製生質柴油 12
2.5.1 傳統大型反應器 12
2.5.2 超臨界流體法 13
2.5.3 微流體轉酯化反應器 13
2.6 生質柴油轉化率量測分析 14
2.7 文獻回顧分析 15
第三章 研究方法 16
3.1 研究架構 16
3.2 設計概念 17
3.3 理論分析 18
3.3.1 無因次參數分析 18
3.4 元件製作與實驗材料 19
3.4.1 流道繪製 20
3.4.2 母模製作 21
3.4.3 流道成形 26
3.4.4 化學藥品製備 29
3.5 實驗設置與驗證 29
3.5.1 染料混合試驗 30
3.5.2 超導磁體核磁共振儀 32
3.5.3 生質柴油轉化率計算分析 34
第四章 實驗結果與討論 35
4.1 微系統之轉酯化反應 35
4.1.1 SAR型微反應器 35
4.1.2 液珠型微反應器 39
4.1.3 液珠型微反應器之轉化率分析結果 45
4.2 毫米級液珠型反應器 49
4.2.1 反應參數最佳化 49
4.2.2 液珠尺寸與轉化率之探討 51
第五章 結論與未來展望 53
5.1 結論 53
5.2 未來展望 56
5.3 甘梯圖 57
第六章 參考文獻 58

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