臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究探討以苯乙烯(styrene)為單體，Living Polystyrene為高分子型共同安定劑，SDBS+Emulgen950為界面活性劑之迷你乳液系統，於30℃下，改變共同安定劑的總體積百分比，確認此迷你乳液系統不受奧斯瓦老化效應的影響。
並利用迷你乳化聚合法製備 Styrene/Living polystyrene latex，由改變起始劑(SPS、AIBN、BPO)及活性高分子共同安定劑之分子量(Mn)，探討反應過程中乳液的成核機制與動力學關係。

The object of this study that use Living Polystyrene as costabilizers and SDBS+Emulgen950 as surfactant on styrene miniemulsion system at 30℃ and changed the volume fraction of costabilizer to sure the system not affected on Ostwald ripening effect.
Beside, we use miniemulsion polymerization to prepare Styrene/Living Polystyrene latex, and changed initiator (SPS、AIBN、BPO) or molecular weight(Mn) of living polymer costabilizer to discuss the particle nucleation mechanism and kinetics.

摘要 I
Abstract II
致謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 X
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 乳液的簡介 1
1-2 乳化聚合簡介 3
1-3 研究目的 5
第二章 文獻回顧 7
2-1 乳液安定性 7
2-1-1 奧斯瓦老化效應(Ostwald Ripening Effect)和滲透壓效應(Osmotic Pressure Effect) 10
2-1-2 凝聚(flocculation)與合併(coalescence) 17
2-2 乳化聚合反應 18
2-3 乳化聚合反應的成核機構 20
2-3-1 微胞成核理論 (micellar nucleation) 21
2-3-2 均質成核理論 (homogeneous nucleation) 23
2-3-3 凝聚成核理論(coagulative nucleation) 25
2-3-4 單體液滴成核(monomer droplet nucleation) 26
2-4 活性自由基聚合(living free radical polymerization) 27
2-4-1 簡介 27
2-4-2 可逆加成-斷裂鏈轉移聚合法(RAFT) 31
2-4-3 三硫代化合物RAFT鏈轉移劑 34
2-4-4 三嵌段(triblock)線性高分子 35
第三章 實驗藥品與步驟 36
3-1 實驗藥品 36
3-2 實驗儀器與設備 41
3-2-1 RAFT 迷你乳化聚合、RAFT 總體聚合反應設備 41
3-3 實驗流程與步驟 43
3-3-1 合成RAFT試劑(Dibenzyltrithiocarbonate,DBTTC) 【47-48】 43
3-3-2 以總體聚合法、RAFT活性自由基聚合法合成共同安定劑【49】 46
3-3-3 迷你乳液的製備 48
3-3-4 稀釋液配置 50
3-3-5 迷你乳液奧斯瓦老化速率測量 51
3-3-6 迷你乳化聚合反應 52
3-4 性質鑑定及分析 55
3-4-1 利用DLS量測不同轉化率的粒子粒徑 55
3-4-2 巨鏈轉移劑理論分子量計算【51】 56
3-4-3 轉化率的測定 56
3-4-4 反應前單體液滴數的計算 57
3-4-5 反應速率的計算 57
第四章 實驗結果與討論 58
4-1 鏈轉移劑(Dibenzyltrithiocarbonate,DBTTC)之NMR分析 58
4-2 活性高分子型共同安定劑之EA分析 62
4-3 活性高分子共同安定劑及界面活性劑對迷你乳液的影響 64
4-4 起始劑及共同安定劑之種類對迷你乳化聚合反應之粒徑影響 68
4-5 不同起始劑及共同安定劑對迷你乳化聚合反應動力學的影響 72
4-6 迷你乳液分子量及分子量分佈 81
4-7 乳漿之TEM分析 88
第五章 結論 91
參考文獻 92
附錄 97

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