臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究先以低碳鋼及片墨鑄鐵進行高溫氧化處理及其在鋁湯內的靜態熔損行為。實驗結果顯示，氧化層的連續完整性、附著性及厚度是影響抗鋁湯熔損的重要因子。據此結果，再以片墨鑄鐵與球墨鑄鐵進行高溫氧化處理及動態鋁湯全浸泡熔損試驗。探討其高溫氧化動力學型態與耐鋁熔損特性。實驗結果顯示：(1) 片墨鑄鐵的鋁湯熔損率不到球墨鑄鐵的一半。(2) 氧化後的片墨鑄鐵，其氧化層的抗鋁湯熔損約為片墨鑄鐵基材的43倍，以高溫氧化處理提高片墨鑄鐵的抗熔損是經濟而有效的方案。(3) 施以相同的氧化條件所獲得的氧化層，片墨鑄鐵具有比球墨鑄鐵更持久的抗熔損時間，片墨鑄鐵適用於鋁合金壓鑄所使用的鑄鐵坩堝材料。

This study explored the static thermal erosion behavior of the low carbon steel and flake graphite cast iron after high-temperature oxidation in the melting aluminum. The experiment results showed that the continuous completeness, adhesion and thickness of the scales are the important factors that would influence the resistance to the thermal erosion. Based on the pre-test results, high-temperature oxidation and dynamic erosion test of the flake graphite cast iron and spheroidal graphite cast iron in the melting aluminum were performed to investigate the kinetics and the characteristic of resistance to the thermal erosion. The experiment results showed that (1) the thermal erosion rate of the flake graphite cast irons is 50% less than that of the spheroidal graphite cast iron. (2) For the oxidized flake graphite cast iron, the oxide scale had a resistance to the thermal erosion, the erosion rate is approximately 43 times smaller than that of flake graphite cast iron base material. This also proves that oxidation treatment is an efficient method to improve the erosion resistance of cast iron to melting aluminum. (3) The scales obtained in identical oxidation condition, the flake graphite cast iron possessed a longer time to resist erosion than the spheroidal graphite cast iron. This shows that the flake graphite cast iron would be more suitable to be used as the material for cast iron crucible for the application of aluminum alloy die-casting.

第一章 前言 1
第二章 文獻回顧 4
2.1 氧化原理 4
2.1.1 氧化反應 4
2.1.2 鐵-氧平衡相圖 5
2.1.3 氧化反應速率 6
2.1.4 表面加工對氧化的影響 7
2.2 氧化層附著性 8
2.2.1 氧化層的形成 8
2.2.2 氧化層的內部應力 9
2.2.3 幾何形狀因素 11
2.2.4 沖耗腐蝕的影響 14
2.3 熱浸鋁 19
2.3.1 熱浸鋁的擴散 19
2.3.2 碳鋼熱浸後鋁化層的變化 21
2.3.3 鑄鐵的熱浸鍍鋁 25
2.4 鑄鐵的氧化 27
2.4.1 鑄鐵 27
2.4.2 碳當量 29
2.4.3 鑄鐵的高溫氧化 30
2.4.4 矽元素對鑄鐵的影響 31
2.4.5 鉻元素對鑄鐵的影響 34
第三章 實驗方法 35
3.1 實驗流程 35
3.2 試片製作及加工 37
3.3 高溫氧化實驗 40
3.4 鋁湯熔損實驗 40
3.5 試片鑲埋與金相觀察 43
3.6 掃描式電子顯微鏡搭配能譜儀成分分析 45
第四章 前導實驗 46
4.1 低碳鋼 46
4.1.1 低碳鋼的高溫氧化動力學 46
4.1.2 低碳鋼氧化後的形態 50
4.1.3 低碳鋼氧化後的鋁湯熔損 51
4.2 片墨鑄鐵 53
4.2.1 片墨鑄鐵的高溫氧化動力學 53
4.2.2 片墨鑄鐵氧化後的形態 57
4.2.3 片墨鑄鐵氧化後的鋁湯熔損 59
4.2.4 討論 60
第五章 鑄鐵高溫氧化皮膜之抗鋁湯熔損試驗 62
5.1 片墨鑄鐵的氧化與熔損行為 62
5.1.1 片墨鑄鐵的高溫氧化動力學 62
5.1.2 片墨鑄鐵氧化後的形態 68
5.1.3 片墨鑄鐵氧化後的鋁湯熔損 72
5.2 球墨鑄鐵的氧化與熔融行為 80
5.2.1 球墨鑄鐵的高溫氧化動力學 80
5.2.2 球墨鑄鐵氧化後的形態 84
5.2.3 球墨鑄鐵氧化後的鋁湯熔損 85
5.3 石墨型態對鑄鐵於鋁湯的熔損比較 91
5.3.1 片墨鑄鐵與球墨鑄鐵的本體熔損 91
5.3.2 片墨鑄鐵與球墨鑄鐵的氧化層熔損 94
5.3.3 產業應用之可行性 94
第六章 結論 96
參考文獻 97

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