臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著科技的進步，可攜式電子產品以及電動載具的日益普及，其伴隨而來的是龐大的充電電池測試需求，綜觀現今國內外的電池封裝廠，常因其電池測試系統充電電源容量限制，無法隨條件需求自由的增減充電電源容量。本研究為針對目前電池封裝廠的電池測試系統，提出充電電源測試容量限制解決方案，藉由所提出的自由擴充式電源模組，解決電池封裝廠電池測試容量的擴充問題。本研究以模組標準化進行設計，經由並聯模組數的增減來符合電源容量需求，解決電池測試系統在充電電源容量的限制問題。

但直接進行電源模組並聯，在輸出電流漣波方面會因為模組數的增加而放大，本研究藉由控制各模組開關信號相位差來實現交錯式功能，抑制輸出漣波。此外，由於模組間元件差異所產生的阻抗不一致，導致電壓源模式輸出時模組間負載電流分配不平衡，影響系統表現，嚴重時則造成單一模組輸出過大電流導致模組元件受損，造成模組故障。因此，本研究提出一數位電流平衡控制法，其利用模組本身電壓源與電流源控制迴路所組成，不僅不需增加硬體線路，在軟體撰寫上也毋需做太大的更動。

本文所提出系統架構與控制法，經由模擬結果確認後，藉由瑞薩電子公司(Renesas Electronics Corporation)所生產的R8C34W微處理器進行系統實現，比較實驗結果後確定其確實可行。

With the technology progress, the electric vehicle and consumer electronics are much more in daily life, but it comes with huge rechargeable battery testing requirement. However after reviewing the home and abroad battery testing industry, the power blocks specification of most battery testing systems are all fixed. The original systems are no longer capable to extend the power. To solve this problem, this thesis proposes a power source unit for battery testing system with free stacking functions. With the model module designs, it can change the system module number with the battery test power requirement.

Power modules normally stack will cause the increasing of output ripple factor. To solve that, the propose system will operate with interleave function, it helps to reduce the output ripple. Besides, the circuit component error will make the difference of modules impedance, this will lead to the output current unbalance situation. That will influence the system performance and short the module life. With this consideration, this thesis proposes a digital current balance control, it bases on the exciting voltage and current control loop and feedback circuit. Without extra component cost, it shows the outstanding current balance control effect.

After the proof of simulation result, the system achieves on the Renesas R8C34W microcontroller. According the experiment results, they shows the propose power source unit for battery testing system with free stacking functions is workable.

中文摘要 i

ABSTRACT ii

第1章 導論 1

1.1 研究背景 1

1.2 研究動機 1

1.3 文獻回顧 2

1.4 系統架構 3

1.5 論文大綱 4

第2章 交錯式降壓型轉換器 5

2.1 降壓型轉換器(Buck Converter) 5

2.2 交錯式降壓型轉換器 15

2.3 並聯架構電流平衡方法分析 16

2.3.1 電壓下降法(Voltage Droop Method) 18

2.3.2 主動均流法(Active Current Sharing Method) 22

2.4 數位電流平衡控制法(Digital Current Balance Control, CB Control) 26

2.5 小結 28

第3章 系統架構與數位控制器設計 29

3.1 系統規格 29

3.2 主電路元件設計 30

3.2.1 功率開關與二極體選擇 30

3.2.2 電感設計 31

3.2.3 輸出電容設計 31

3.2.4 外部時脈源電路 31

3.2.5 電壓迴授電路 32

3.2.6 電流迴授電路 33

3.2.7 控制信號隔離電路 34

3.3 控制核心 Renesas R8C/34W 34

3.4 軟體設計 39

3.4.1 比例-積分控制器 39

3.4.2 主控端軟體設計 39

3.4.3 子模組軟體設計 43

3.5 小結 47

第4章 系統模擬 48

4.1 交錯式降壓型轉換器電路模擬架構 48

4.2 比例-積分控制器模擬 50

4.3 電流源控制模擬 51

4.4 電壓源控制模擬 53

4.5 小結 57

第5章 實驗結果與分析 58

5.1 實測系統介紹 58

5.2 系統輸出電壓漣波 59

5.3 交錯式架構輸出電流漣波之實驗結果比較 61

5.4 電壓源模式電流平衡控制操作於不同負載之實驗結果 68

5.5 定電流切換定電壓 74

5.6 效率 76

5.7 控制器區域網路資料封包驗證 77

5.8 小結 79

第6章 結論與未來展望 80

6.1 結論 80

6.2 未來展望 80

參考文獻 82

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