摘要
近年來，隨著次世代無線網路科技的發展，如WiFi，UMTS，WiMAX等多種異質性網路已經被快速佈置在全球。這些不同的無線存取網路，構成一個異質性整合的網路環境，提供使用者無所不在的服務。如今，大部分使用者已經能夠透過各種無線網路介面控制(NIC)的行動終端在任何時間、任何地點享受網路服務。然而，為了充分利用這些異質性網路的資源與便利性，一個多模式(multi-mode)的裝置會變成是不可或缺的。
從過去的許多研究中知道換手的步驟對整體服務品質影響甚大，而現今換手技術研究也都只以單一條件來做為判斷，甚至挑選出來或是觸發換手的時機都並不是最佳解。因此本論文設計與實作一個混合的換手演算法，在不同時機利用RSS與 PLA (Packet Loss Aware)和NDMD (Network Discovery with Motion Detection)的演算法簡稱PLA_NDMD來做為換手觸發時機，實驗結果證明，HPN(Hybrid_PLA_NDMD)可以取得較好的效能。

ABSTRACT
In recent years , with the rapid advancement of wireless technologies, many heterogeneous wireless networks, such as WiFi, UMTS, WiMAX, etc., have been deployed world-wide. These networks have overlapped coverage and provide ubiquitous networking services to users. Nowadays, some users have been empowered by various wireless network interface control (NIC) devices to extend their access to such heterogeneous wireless networks at anywhere and at any time. However, to exploit fully the power and convenience of these wireless networks, a generic multi-mode device is needed.
In the past, many research have pointed out that the handoff algorithm has large impact on the performance of mobile handover services. Most existing handoff algorithms only apply single set of rules to trigger mobile handoff which may not be optimal in a heterogeneous wireless network environment. Thus, this thesis designed and implemented a hybrid handoff algorithm, called HPN (Hybrid_PLA_NDMD), based on RSS-based handoff algorithm and Packet Loss Aware NDMD(PLA_NDMD) algorithm. HPN applies PLA_NDMN on WiFi networks but RSS-based handoff algorithm on UMTS. Experiment results show that HPN performs better than pure RSS-based and PLA_NDMD algorithm.

目錄
1. 導論 1
1.1. 研究背景 1
1.2 動機與目的 2
1.3 論文架構 3
2. 相關研究 4
2.1 換手驅動與網路掃描演算法 4
2.1.1 網路探索機制 5
2.1.2 網路決策機制 5
2.1.3 行動終端無縫換手與換手通訊協定(MPTCP) 6
2.2 跨通訊層設計的異質性網路換手整合方案-IEEE 802.21 MIH 7
3. 行動終端設計策略 10
3.1 行動終端的環境背景 10
3.2 行動終端的設計架構 11
3.3 行動管理模組 12
3.3.1 Network Initialization 12
3.3.2 Network Selection 14
3.4 換手決策模組 16
3.5 行動終端 換手流程 18
4. 實驗結果 23
4.1 實驗環境安裝與配置 23
4.1.1資料封包產生器 26
4.2 系統架構 27
4.3 實驗分析 27
4.3.1 情境一 28
4.3.2 情境二 29
4.4 問題與討論 38
5. 結論與未來展望 39
6. 參考文獻 40



圖目錄
圖 1.1 1一個異質性整合的無所不在網路服務環境 1
圖 1.1 2多模裝置連線情境 2
圖 2.1 1基本換手驅動 4
圖 2.1 2 MPTCP網路架構 7
圖 2.2 1 MIH服務概念圖 8
圖 3.1 1 行動終端環境示意圖 10
圖 3.2 1 行動終端軟體架構 11
圖 3.3 1網路存取決策控制狀態圖-行動終端 MODE 13
圖 3.3 2 WIFI MODE換手決策控制圖 14
圖 3.3 3使用者設定檔(USER PROFILE)範例 15
圖 3.5 1 MN換手服務的初始化流程 20
圖 3.5 2 MN換手服務的換手決策流程 21
圖 3.5 3 MN換手服務的換手執行流程 22
圖 4.1 1環境示意圖 24
圖 4.1 2 UMTS基地臺衛星圖 25
圖 4.1 3 UMTS基地臺區域地圖 25
圖 4.1 4 資料封包產生器連線圖 26
圖 4.2 1 實作的系統架構圖 27
圖 4.3 1 情境一元智一館七樓樓層平面圖 28
圖 4.3 2 情境一PLA_NDMD 的網路傳輸效能累積變化圖 29
圖 4.3 3 情境二元智一館七樓樓層平面圖 30
圖 4.3 4 情境二RSS的網路傳輸效能累積變化圖 31
圖 4.3 5 情境二RSS 訊號強度變化圖 31
圖 4.3 6 情境二NDMD的網路傳輸效能累積變化圖 32
圖 4.3 7 情境二NDMD 訊號強度變化圖 32
圖 4.3 8 情境二RSS DIF變化圖 33
圖 4.3 9 情境二NDMD DIF變化圖 33
圖 4.3 10 情境二NDMD 壅塞窗大小變化圖 34
圖 4.3 11 情境二HPN的網路傳輸效能累積變化圖 35
圖 4.3 12 情境二HPN 訊號強度變化圖 35
圖 4.3 13 情境二HPN DIF變化圖 36
圖 4.3 14 情境二使用單一WIFI存取技術的壅塞窗大小變化圖 36
圖 4.3 15 情境二使用單一UMTS存取技術的壅塞窗大小變化圖 36
圖 4.3 16 情境二HPN 壅塞窗大小變化圖 37
圖 4.3 17 情境二各種演算法的傳輸效能比較圖 37


表目錄
表格 3.3 1 鄰近網路優先列表 15
表格 3.4 1為不同存取技術可用基地臺列表 16
表格 3.4 2 3G存取技術與WIFI AP基地臺內容紀錄範例 16
表格 3.5 1 MIH參數定義 19
表格 4.1 1實驗參數值 24
表格 4.1 2 資料封包產生器指令參數表 26

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