本文使用有限元素模擬軟體LS-DYNA 3D模擬SUS304不鏽鋼管在具背向推桿作用之T形管液壓鼓脹成形。建構T形管之液壓鼓脹成形模型，進行液壓鼓脹成形之模擬，在不同的模具與管材間之摩擦係數下，探討整體過程中的鼓脹、校正、成形等階段在不同負載條件，如鼓脹與校正階段之液體壓力及軸向推桿行程關係，以及在成形階段垂直與軸向推桿之間不同行程比。當負載關係最佳化後，便可保持T形管支管頂端之厚度，不會因過度薄化而產生破裂，以及不易在肩角處產生皺摺，使其得到較佳的高度與外觀。

In this paper, finite element simulation software LS-DYNA 3D simulation SUS304 stainless steel pipe in the role of a back-putt hydraulic bulge forming a T-shaped pipe. Construction of T-shaped tube of hydraulic bulge forming model to simulate the hy-draulic bulge forming in the coefficient of friction between the different molds and pipe to assess the overall process of bulging, correction, forming phases at different load conditions, such as bloating and correction fluid pressure and the axial direction of the push rod stroke phase relationship, as well as between the push rod to the axial direction perpendicular to the forming stage different stroke ratio. When the load is related to the optimization, the thickness of the T-shaped pipe can keep the top of the manifold, not due to excessive thinning and cracking, and easy to produce wrinkles at the corner of the shoulder to get the best height and appearance.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii
符號說明 xii
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 管件液壓成形簡介 11
1-3 文獻回顧 14
1-4 研究動機與目的 16
1-5 論文架構 16
第二章 研究相關理論 19
2-1 管件液壓成形基礎理論 19
2-2 管件液壓成形材料之影響 22
2-3 管件液壓成形挫曲因素與避免方法 24
2-4 管件液壓成形摩擦 25
2-5 管件液壓成形負載條件 27
第三章 有限元素模擬分析 31
3-1 有限元素法模擬簡介 31
3-2 模擬分析基本架構 33
3-3 模型網格尺寸差異 36
3-4 邊界條件 38
第四章 結果與討論 45
4-1 SUS304不鏽鋼管之負載條件CASE1與CASE2模擬結果比較 45
4-1-1 降伏階段 45
4-1-2 鼓脹階段 54
4-1-3 校正階段 63
4-1-4 成形階段 74
4-2 T型鋁管AA6063-T5液壓成形 91
4-2-1 不同的負載條件CASE 1與CASE 2之模擬結果與實驗比較 91
4-2-2 有無使用垂直推桿之模擬結果與實驗比較 95
第五章 結論與建議 99
5-1 研究結果總結 99
5-2 未來研究方向與建議 100
參考文獻 101

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