臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文使用不同的電流模式主動元件設計兩個電壓模式正交弦波振盪器電路與兩個雙重模式正交弦波振盪器電路。第一與第二個電路使用兩個電流回授運算放大器，配合兩個接地電容器與兩個電阻器，設計電壓模式正交弦波振盪器電路。此二個電路具有下列優點：(1)可正交調整電路參數的振盪條件與振盪頻率；(2) 可利用兩個正交電壓弦波輸出信號；(3)使用兩個接地電容器，有利於電路積體化的實現；(4)具有非常低的主動與被動元件的靈敏度。第三個電路使用單一差動電壓電流傳輸轉導放大器，配合兩個接地電容器與兩個接地電阻器，設計具電壓模式與電流模式正交弦波振盪器電路。本電路具有下列優點：(1)在同一電路結構下可同時實現電壓模式與電流模式；(2)可獨立調整電路參數的振盪條件與振盪頻率；(3)可利用兩個正交電壓弦波輸出信號；(4)可利用兩個高輸出阻抗端正交電流弦波輸出信號；(5)使用兩個接地電容器與兩個接地電阻器，有利於電路積體化的實現；(6)具有非常低的主動與被動元件的靈敏度。第四個電路使用單一電流控制電流傳輸轉導放大器，配合兩個接地電容器，設計具電壓模式與電流模式正交弦波振盪器電路。本電路具有下列優點：(1)為無電阻性電路結構；(2)在同一電路結構下可同時實現電壓模式與電流模式；(3)可獨立調整電路參數的振盪條件與振盪頻率；(4)可利用兩個正交電壓弦波輸出信號；(5)可利用兩個高輸出阻抗端正交電流弦波輸出信號；(6)使用兩個接地電容器，有利於電路積體化的實現；(7)具有非常低的主動與被動元件的靈敏度。最後，我們使用H-Spice驗證電路的正確性，使用TSMC 0.18μm的製程參數，其模擬結果顯示與理論值相近。

In this thesis, two voltage-mode and two dual-mode quadrature sinusoidal oscillators using different current-mode active components are proposed. The first of two proposed voltage-mode quadrature oscillators use two current-feedback operational amplifiers, two grounded capacitors and two resistors. Both proposed oscillators exhibit the following advantages: (i) orthogonal control of the oscillation condition and oscillation frequency, (ii) availability of two quadrature sinusoidal voltage outputs, (iii) the employment two grounded capacitors ideal for integrated circuit implementation, and (iv) low active and passive sensitivity performances. The third proposed voltage-mode and current-mode quadrature sinusoidal oscillator uses a single differential voltage current conveyor transconductance amplifier, two grounded capacitors and two grounded resistors. The proposed oscillator exhibits the following advantages: (i) voltage-mode and current-mode sinusoidal quadrature oscillator without changing the circuit topology, (ii) independent control of the oscillation condition and oscillation frequency, (iii) availability of two quadrature sinusoidal voltage outputs, (iv) availability of two high-output impendence quadrature sinusoidal current outputs, (v) the employment two grounded capacitors and two grounded resistors ideal for integrated circuit implementation, and (vi) low active and passive sensitivity performances. The four proposed voltage-mode and current-mode quadrature sinusoidal oscillator uses a single current controlled current conveyor transconductance amplifier and two grounded capacitors. The proposed circuit offers two explicit quadrature current outputs and two quadrature voltage outputs. The proposed oscillator exhibits the following advantages: (i) resistorless structure, (ii) voltage-mode and current-mode sinusoidal quadrature oscillator without changing the circuit topology, (iii) independent control of the oscillation condition and oscillation frequency, (iv) availability of two quadrature sinusoidal voltage outputs, (v) availability of two high-output impendence quadrature sinusoidal current outputs, (vi) the employment two grounded capacitors ideal for integrated circuit implementation, and (vii) low active and passive sensitivity performances. Finally, we use HSPICE to prove the accuracy of the circuit with TSMC 0.18µm process technology. The results show close agreement between theory and simulation.

目錄
明志科技大學碩士學位論文指導教授推薦 i
明志科技大學碩士學位論文口試委員審定書ii
誌謝iii
摘要iv
Abstract v
目錄vii
表目錄viii
圖目錄ix
第一章　緒論 1
1.1　相關研究發展 1
1.2　研究動機 2
1.3　論文架構 4
第二章　主動元件介紹 6
2.1　第二代電流傳輸器(CCII) 6
2.2　差動電壓電流傳輸器(DVCC) 9
2.3　電流回授運算放大器(CFOA) 11
2.4　電流控制電流傳輸器(CCCII) 13
2.5　運算轉導放大器(OTA) 16
2.6　差動電壓電流傳輸轉導放大器(DVCCTA) 18
2.7　多輸出電流控制電流傳輸轉導放大器(MOCCCCTA) 20
第三章　類比電壓模式正交振盪器電路設計 22
3.1　以CFOA設計電壓模式正交振盪器文獻回顧 22
3.2　以CFOA設計電壓模式正交振盪器電路 24
第四章　類比電壓與電流模式正交振盪器電路設計 34
4.1　以DVCCTA設計電壓與電流模式振盪器文獻回顧 35
4.2　以DVCCTA設計電壓與電流模式正交振盪器電路 38
4.3　以MOCCCCTA設計電壓與電流模式振盪器文獻回顧 45
4.4　以MOCCCCTA設計電壓與電流模式正交振盪器 47
第五章　結論與未來展望 54
5.1　結論 54
5.2　未來展望 55
參考文獻 56
表目錄
表1　CFOA內部電路長寬比 28
表2　電路一輸出信號Vo1諧波失真分析 31
表3　電路一輸出信號Vo2諧波失真分析 32
表4　電路二輸出信號Vo1諧波失真分析 32
表5　電路二輸出信號Vo2諧波失真分析 33
表6　電路特性比較 33
表7　DVCCTA內部電路長寬比 41
表8　電壓模式輸出信號Vo1諧波失真分析 43
表9　電壓模式輸出信號Vo2諧波失真分析 43
表10　電路特性比較 44
表11　MO-CCCCTA內部電路長寬比 50
表12　電壓模式輸出信號Vo1諧波失真分析 52
表13　電壓模式輸出信號Vo2諧波失真分析 52
表14　電路特性比較 53
圖目錄
圖2-1　CCII元件符號 6
圖2-2　CCII之內部電路架構圖 7
圖2-3　本論文使用的CCII之內部電路架構圖 8
圖2-4　DVCC之元件符號 9
圖2-5　DVCC之內部電路架構圖 10
圖2-6　本論文使用的DVCC之內部電路架構圖 10
圖2-7　CFOA之元件符號 11
圖2-8　CFOA之內部電路架構圖 12
圖2-9　本論文使用之CFOA內部電路架構圖 12
圖2-10　CCCII之元件符號 13
圖2-11　正型CCCII之內部電路架構圖 14
圖2-12　負型CCCII之內部電路架構圖 14
圖2-13　正負型CCCII之內部電路架構圖 15
圖2-14　OTA之元件符號 16
圖2-15　雙輸出端正負型OTA之內部電路架構圖 17
圖2-16　DVCCTA之元件符號 18
圖2-17　DVCCTA之內部電路架構圖 19
圖2-18　本文使用的DVCCTA內部電路架構圖 19
圖2-19　MO-CCCCTA之元件符號 20
圖2-20　MO-CCCCTA之內部電路架構圖 21
圖2-21　本文使用的MO-CCCCTA之內部電路架構圖 21
圖3-1　以CFOA設計正交振盪器電路 22
圖3-2　以CFOA設計電壓模式正交振盪器電路一 24
圖3-3　以CFOA設計電壓模式正交振盪器電路二 26
圖3-4　本電路使用的CFOA內部電路架構圖 28
圖3-5　電路一輸出信號Vo1與Vo2波形圖 29
圖3-6　電路一輸出信號Vo1與Vo2頻譜圖 30
圖3-7　電路二輸出信號Vo1與Vo2波形圖 30
圖3-8　電路二輸出信號Vo1與Vo2頻譜圖 31
圖4-1　以DVCCTA設計電壓模式振盪器 35
圖4-2　以DVCCCTA設計電壓與電流模式振盪器 36
圖4-3　以DVCCTA設計電壓與電流模式正交振盪器 38
圖4-4　本電路使用的DVCCTA內部電路架構圖 40
圖4-5　振盪器輸出信號Vo1與Vo2波形圖 41
圖4-6　振盪器輸出信號Io1與Io2波形圖 42
圖4-7　振盪器輸出信號Vo1與Vo2頻譜圖 42
圖4-8　以CCCCTA設計電壓與電流模式振盪器 45
圖4-9　以MO-CCCCTA設計電壓與電流模式正交振盪器 47
圖4-10　本電路使用的MO-CCCCTA內部電路架構圖 49
圖4-11　振盪器輸出信號Vo1與Vo2波形圖 50
圖4-12　振盪器輸出信號Io1與Io2波形圖 51
圖4-13　振盪器輸出信號Vo1與Vo2頻譜圖 51

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