台灣本身的特殊地理位置及地形、地質條件，經常受到地震、颱風、洪水、土石流、山崩等許多天然災害的侵襲，幾乎每年均造成人民生命及財產的重大損失。這些劇烈的氣候變所引發的天然災害帶來的威脅是不容忽視的問題，災害應變與管理是台灣政府與人民應關注的議題之一。而資訊，是災害管理的關鍵要素。在災害來臨時，防災單位提供足夠且正確的災害資訊給社會大眾至關重要，每個人才能根據自身狀況，做出最合適的災害應變決策。
隨著資訊通訊設備的普及化，許多從事防救災任務的機關已透過官方網站，甚至開發App來提供民眾最新的資訊，透過手機的App，科技能更進一步在災害來襲時協助救災。然而，做為一個新的災情資訊傳遞管道，這些App的表現卻不如預期，研究者發現，目前對於這些App並沒有明確而清楚的規範，使用者反映透過防災App在搜尋災情資訊上的使用性不佳，不易搜尋到需要的資訊，研究者也發現，防災App的設計確實並未以使用者中心的角度出發來設計，而造成資訊的呈現上的問題，此問題之根本在於其資訊架構，由於未從使用者為核心去探討，因而未能在資訊的呈現上帶給使用者良好的使用經驗。
本研究期望透過深度訪談與卡片分類法整理出需求，並建立水災災民在防救災App接收所需災情資訊之資訊架構，並且於本研究中，將以使用者中心的角度去改善水災App，並提出建議。

Owing to the special geographical environment, Taiwan is inherently easy to suffer from natural disasters like typhoon, earthquake, flood, land-slide, other complex disasters; these disasters cause heavy casualties and tremendous economic losses almost every year. The threat brought by these disasters is a problem that we shouldn’t ignore, and disaster prevention, response, and reduction is definitely significant issues that both government and people in Taiwan have to carefully pay attention to. Information is the critical factor in disaster management. When disaster happens, abundant and correct information is extremely important, therefore everyone can make the most suitable decisions to respond.
With popularization of mobile device, many disaster prevention and relief institutes started offering information with websites and developed application software. Technology can be a big help in relieving and reducing disaster through smartphones and application software. However, as a new type of information transmission channel, application software didn’t perform as we expected. The researcher discovered that, now there is no clear regulation for these application software, users expressed negative experience on searching for information with them, it was hard for them to access to the information they needed. Also, the researcher found out that disaster prevention application software was actually not user-centered designed, which resulted in problems in searching information. The core of this problem is the information architecture, due to lack of consideration of users, it cannot provide good user experience on information display.
This research will contribute to build information architecture of flood victims receiving disaster information with application software for floods, helping them get disaster information. Suggestions for improving disaster prevention application software will also be done with user-centered angle.

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 BACKGROUND 1
1.2 MOTIVATION 2
1.3 OBJECTIVES 5
1.4 ISSUES 6
1.5 RESEARCH FRAMEWORK 7
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 1
2.1 INFORMATION IN DISASTER 1
2.1.2 Disaster Information 2
2.1.3 Disaster Information Transmission 3
2.1.4 Summary 4
2.2 SMARTPHONE AND APPLICATION SOFTWARE 4
2.2.1 Mobile Devices 4
2.2.2 Smartphones 5
2.2.3 Application Software 6
2.2.4 Summary 7
2.3 INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE 8
2.3.1 Defining Information Architecture 8
2.3.2 The three dimensions of Information Architecture: Information Ecology 11
2.3.3 Elements of Information Architecture 12
2.3.5 Mobile Information Architecture 14
2.3.6 Summary 16
CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY 18
3.1 RESEARCH DESIGN 18
3.2 RESEARCH METHOD 19
3.2.1 Document analysis 20
3.2.2 Interview 21
3.2.3 Card Sorting 21
3.2.4 Usability Test 27
CHAPTER 4 INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE DESIGN 28
4.1 IN-DEPTH INTERVIEW 28
4.2 INFORMATION ARCHITECTURE OF APPLICATION SOFTWARE FOR FLOODS 33
4.3 REFINED MODIFIED-DELPHI CARD SORTING 47
CHAPTER 5 PROTOTYPE AND EVALUATION 53
5.1 PROTOTYPE DESIGN 53
5.2 PROTOTYPE EVALUATION 59
5.3 SUMMARY 61
CHAPTER 6 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION 63
6.1 DISCUSSION 63
6.2 CONCLUSION 65
6.3 SUGGESTIONS 67
6.4 CONTRIBUTION 68
6.5 FUTURE WORK 69
REFERENCES 70
APPENDIX 1: CODING 75
APPENDIX 2: CONTENT TABLES AND SITEMAPS OF APPLICATION SOFTWARE 82
APPENDIX 3 : RESULTS OF REFINED MODIFIED-DELPHI CARD SORTING 92

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