臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

台灣位於歐亞大陸板塊與菲律賓海板塊的聚合交界地帶，斷層構造非常複雜，尤其位於台灣東部地區，全長超過150公里的花東縱谷 (Longitudinal Valley)。而透過非火山微震 (non-volcanic tremor) 的觀測與分析不僅有助於我們了解其發生所需要的條件，也可以對於深部的斷層活動及相關的物理性質有更進一步的認識。非火山微震是一種振幅較小且持續時間較長的訊號且不具有明顯實體波之波相，通常發生於隱沒帶的板塊邊界附近。本研究藉由佈置於台灣地區的台灣寬頻地震網 (Broadband Array in Taiwan for Seismology) 及中央氣象局地震觀測網 (Central Weather Bureau Seismic Network) 之地震站，利用其所記錄之地震資料經由帶通濾波 (band-pass filter) 2-8赫茲的表面波波形後以人工肉眼方式觀察、探討花東縱谷地區之非火山微震。根據2005-2014年間的遠震紀錄，總共檢測到五筆在花東縱谷中的觸發性微震，及兩筆可能的觸發事件，並使用HYPO71進行地震定位，其震央主要集中於花東縱谷南段區域，靠近池上斷層 (Chih-Shang fault)，震源深度約在30-40公里之間，分佈於一般地震帶之下，擁有相對周圍P波及S波速度比值較高之區域。進一步分析觸發潛因後可得知，表面波振幅為影響觸發之主要因素之一。當地動速度峰值 (peak ground velocity) >0.02公分/秒，動態應力大約2-3千帕，便有可能於花東縱谷中觸發非火山微震。

Taiwan is located at the margin of the Eurasian Plate and the Philippine Sea Plate, which is a subduction zone between these two plates and the fault structures are rather complicated and dense seismicity, especially the Longitudinal Valley (LV) in eastern Taiwan. Non-volcanic tremor (NVT) is a seismic signal with low amplitude and long duration. NVT is often occurred below the seismogenic zone, which is between the lower crust and upper mantle, and the arrival time data of the body wave is difficult to be collected. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the physical mechanisms of NVT in several steps. First, in the investigation of the teleseismic earthquake data from the U.S. Geological Survey in 2005 to 2014, thirty-five potential teleseismic earthquakes are selected. Second, the seismograms are collected from the Broadband Array in Taiwan for Seismology (BATS) and Central Weather Bureau Seismic Network (CWBSN) for these thirty-five potential teleseismic earthquakes. Third, the Seismic Analysis Code is used to select the seismograms from seven possible events which satisfied the conditions of triggering tremor during the passage of the surface wave. Forth, a band-pass filter is applied to retain the frequency with the range of 2-8 HZ of the surface waveform. Finally, visually determination for the tremor signals. The experimental results show that five certainly NVT events and two potential triggered events were found in the LV zone of eastern Taiwan. The locations of the hypocenters were then estimated using HYPO71 for these five certain events. According to the estimated hypocenters, the sources of NVT are possibly beneath the southern region of LV, close to the Chih-Shang fault. Moreover, these estimated hypocenters are within the high Vp/Vs ratio region and in depth of 30-40 km. The further analysis found that the amplitude of the surface wave is one of the key factors that when the peak ground velocity > 0.02cm/s, which equivalents to 2-3kPa dynamic stress, might trigger tremors.

第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2 研究區域地質概況 4
第二章 文獻回顧 9
2.1 非火山微震之特性 9
2.2 觸發性非火山微震 14
第三章 研究方法 19
3.1 HYPO71地震定位 19
第四章 資料處理與分析 23
4.1 資料來源篩選 23
4.2 資料處理流程 27
第五章 結果與討論 35
5.1 研究結果 35
5.1.1 2014-索羅門群島地震 36
5.1.2 2009-安達曼群島地震 40
5.1.3 2005-尼亞斯島地震 44
5.1.4 2007-蘇門答臘地震 48
5.1.5 2011-日本東北地震 52
5.1.6 其他可能的觸發事件 56
5.2 觸發潛因分析 61
5.3 討論 66
第六章 結論 73
參考文獻 75

Aguiar, A. C., T. I. Melbourne, and C. W. Scrivner, 2009. Moment release rate of Cascadia tremor constrained by GPS. J. Geophys. Res., 114, B00A05.
Angelier, J., E. Barrier, and H. T Chu, 1986. Plate collision and paleostress trajectories in a fold-thrust belt: the foothills of Taiwan. Tectonophysics, 125, 161-178.
Angelier, J., H. T. Chu, and J. C. Lee, 1997. Shear concentration in a collision zone: kinematics of the Chihshang Fault as revealed by outcrop-scale quantification of active faulting, Longitudinal Valley, eastern Taiwan. Tectonophysics, 274, 117-143.
Angelier, J., H. T. Chu, J. C. Lee, and J. C. Hu, 2000. Active faulting and earthquake hazard: The case study of the Chihshang fault, Taiwan. J. Geodyn., 29, 151-185.
Audet, P., M. G. Bostock, N. I. Christensen, and S. M. Peacock, 2009. Seismic evidence for overpressured subducted oceanic crust and megathrust fault sealing. Nature, 457, 76-78.
Becken, M., O. Ritter, P. A. Bedrosian, and U. Weckmann, 2011. Correlation between deep fluids, tremor and creep along the central San Andreas fault. Nature, 480, 87-90.
Beroza, G. C., and S. Ide, 2011. Slow earthquakes and nonvolcanic tremor. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci., 39, 271-296.
Biq, C. C., 1965. The east Taiwan rift. Petroleum Geology of Taiwan, 4, 93-106.
Biq, C. C., 1971. Comparison of mélange tectonics in Taiwan and in some other mountain belts, 9, 79-106.
Bostock, M. G., R. D. Hyndman, S., Rondenay, and S. M. Peacock, 2002. An inverted continental Moho and serpentinization of the forearc mantle. Nature, 417, 536-538.
Brown, K. M., M. D. Tryon, H. R. DeShon, L. M. Dorman, and S. Y. Schwartz, 2005. Correlated transient fluid pulsing and seismic tremor in the Costa Rica subduction zone. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 238, 189-203.
Brown, J. R., G. C. Beroza, S. Ide, K. Ohta, D. R. Shelly, S. Y. Schwartz, W. Rabbel, M. Thorwart, and H. Kao, 2009. Deep low‐frequency earthquakes in tremor localize to the plate interface in multiple subduction zones. Geophys. Res. Lett., 36(19).
Brudzinski, M. R., and R. M. Allen, 2007. Segmentation in episodic tremor and slip all along Cascadia. Geology, 35, 907-910.
Brudzinski, M., E. Cabral-Cano, F. Correa-Mora, C. DeMets, and B. Márquez-Azúa, 2007. Slow slip transients along the Oaxaca subduction segment from 1993 to 2007. Geophys. J. Int., 171, 523-538.
Chang, C. P., J. Angelier, and C. Y. Huang, 2000. Origin and evolution of a melange: the active plate boundary and suture zone of the Longitudinal Valley, Taiwan. Tectonophysics, 325, 43-62.
Chao, K., Z. Peng, A. Fabian, and L. Ojha, 2012. Comparisons of triggered tremor in California. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 102, 900-908.
Chao, K., Z. Peng, C. Wu, C. C. Tang, and C. H. Lin, 2012. Remote triggering of non‐volcanic tremor around Taiwan. Geophys. J. Int., 188, 301-324.
Chao, K., Z. Peng, H. Gonzalez‐Huizar, C. Aiken, B. Enescu, H. Kao, A. A. Velasco, K. Obara, and T. Matsuzawa, 2013. A global search for triggered tremor following the 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku earthquake. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 103, 1551-1571.
Chuang, L. Y., K. H. Chen, A. Wech, T. Byrne, and W. Peng, 2014. Ambient tremors in a collisional orogenic belt. Geophys. Res. Lett., 41, 1485-1491.
Crotwell, H. P., T. J. Owens, and J. Ritsema, 1999. The TauP Toolkit: Flexible seismic travel-time and ray-path utilities. Seismol. Res. Lett., 70, 154-160.
Delahaye, E. J., J. Townend, M. E. Reyners, and G. Rogers, 2009. Microseismicity but no tremor accompanying slow slip in the Hikurangi subduction zone, New Zealand. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 277, 21-28.
Dragert, H., K. Wang, and T. S. James, 2001. A silent slip event on the deeper Cascadia subduction interface. Science, 292, 1525-1528.
Eberhart‐Phillips, D., and M. Chadwick, 2002. Three‐dimensional attenuation model of the shallow Hikurangi subduction zone in the Raukumara Peninsula, New Zealand. J. Geophys. Res., 107, ESE-3.
Eberhart-Phillips, D., M. Reyners, M. Chadwick, and G. Stuart, 2008. Three-dimensional attenuation structure of the Hikurangi subduction zone in the central North Island, New Zealand. Geophys. J. Int., 174, 418-434.
Fry, B., K. Chao, S. Bannister, Z. Peng, and L. Wallace, 2011. Deep tremor in New Zealand triggered by the 2010 Mw8.8 Chile earthquake. Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L15306.
Ghosh, A., J. E. Vidale, Z. Peng, K. C. Creager, and H. Houston, 2009. Complex nonvolcanic tremor near Parkfield, California, triggered by the great 2004 Sumatra earthquake. J. Geophys. Res., 114, B00A15.
Gomberg, J., J. L. Rubinstein, Z. Peng, K. C. Creager, J. E. Vidale, and P. Bodin, 2008. Widespread triggering of nonvolcanic tremor in California. Science, 319, 173-173.
Gomberg, J., 2010. Lessons from (triggered) tremor. J. Geophys. Res., 115, B10302.
Guilhem, A., Z. Peng, and R. M. Nadeau, 2010. High‐frequency identification of non‐volcanic tremor triggered by regional earthquakes. Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L16309.
Hacker, B. R., S. M. Peacock, G. A. Abers, and S. D. Holloway, 2003. Subduction factory 2. Are intermediate‐depth earthquakes in subducting slabs linked to metamorphic dehydration reactions?. J. Geophys. Res., 108, ESE-11.
Hirose, H., and K. Obara, 2006. Short‐term slow slip and correlated tremor episodes in the Tokai region, central Japan. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L17311.
Huang, H. H., Y. M. Wu, X. Song, C. H. Chang, S. J. Lee, T. M. Chang, and H. H. Hsieh, 2014. Joint VP and VS tomography of Taiwan: Implications for subduction-collision orogeny. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 392, 177-191.
Hyndman, R. D., and S. M. Peacock, 2003. Serpentinization of the forearc mantle. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 212, 417-432.
Ide, S., G. C. Beroza, D. R. Shelly, and T. Uchide, 2007. A scaling law for slow earthquakes. Nature, 447, 76-79.
Ide, S., D. R. Shelly, and G. C. Beroza, 2007. Mechanism of deep low frequency earthquakes: Further evidence that deep non‐volcanic tremor is generated by shear slip on the plate interface. Geophys. Res. Lett., 34, L03308.
Jaeger, J.C. and N.G.W. Cook, 1979. Fundamentals of Rock Mechanics, 3rd edn, Chapman and Hall, New York, NY.
Julian, B. 2002. Seismological detection of slab metamorphism. Science, 296, 1625-1626.
Kao, H., S. J. Shan, H. Dragert, G. Rogers, J. F. Cassidy, and K. Ramachandran, 2005. A wide depth distribution of seismic tremors along the northern Cascadia margin. Nature, 436, 841-844.
Kao, H., S. J. Shan, H. Dragert, G. Rogers, J. F. Cassidy, K. Wang, T. S. James, and K. Ramachandran, 2006. Spatial‐temporal patterns of seismic tremors in northern Cascadia. J. Geophys. Res., 111, B03309.
Kim, K. H., J. M. Chiu, J. Pujol, K. C. Chen, B. S. Huang, Y. H. Yeh, and P. Shen, 2005. Three-dimensional VP and VS structural models associated with the active subduction and collision tectonics in the Taiwan region. Geophys. J. Int., 162, 204-220.
Kim, M. J., S. Y. Schwartz, and S. Bannister, 2011. Non‐volcanic tremor associated with the March 2010 Gisborne slow slip event at the Hikurangi subduction margin, New Zealand. Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L14301.
Kostoglodov, V., A. Husker, N. M. Shapiro, J. S. Payero, M. Campillo, N. Cotte, and R. Clayton, 2010. The 2006 slow slip event and nonvolcanic tremor in the Mexican subduction zone. Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L24301.
La Rocca, M., K. C. Creager, D. Galluzzo, S. Malone, J. E. Vidale, J. R. Sweet, and A. G. Wech, 2009. Cascadia tremor located near plate interface constrained by S minus P wave times. Science, 323, 620-623.
Lee, J. C., F. S. Jeng, H. T. Chu, J. Angelier, and J. C. Hu, 2000. A rod-type creepmeter for measurement of displacement in active fault zone. Earth, planets and space, 52, 321-328.
Lee, J. C., J. Angelier, H. T. Chu, J. C. Hu, and F. S. Jeng, 2001. Continuous monitoring of an active fault in a plate suture zone: a creepmeter study of the Chihshang Fault, eastern Taiwan. Tectonophysics, 333, 219-240.
Lee, J. C., J. Angelier, H. T. Chu, J. C. Hu, F. S. Jeng, and R. J. Rau, 2003. Active fault creep variations at Chihshang, Taiwan, revealed by creep meter monitoring, 1998–2001. J. Geophys. Res., 108, ETG-4.
Lee, W. H. K., and J. C. Lahr, 1972. HYPO71: A computer program for determining hypocenter, magnitude, and first motion pattern of local earthquakes. Open File Report, US Geological Survey.
Lee, C. P., N. Hirata, B. S. Huang, W. G. Huang, and Y. B. Tsai, 2010. Evidence of a highly attenuative aseismic zone in the active collision orogen of Taiwan. Tectonophysics, 489, 128-138.
Linde, A. T., and P. G. Silver, 1989. Elevation changes and the great 1960 Chilean earthquake: Support for aseismic slip. Geophys. Res. Lett., 16, 1305-1308.
McCausland, W., S. Malone, and D. Johnson, 2005. Temporal and spatial occurrence of deep non‐volcanic tremor: From Washington to northern California. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L24311.
Miller, M. M., T. Melbourne, D. J. Johnson, and W. Q. Sumner, 2002. Periodic slow earthquakes from the Cascadia subduction zone. Science, 295, 2423-2423.
Miyazawa, M., and J. Mori, 2005. Detection of triggered deep low‐frequency events from the 2003 Tokachi‐oki earthquake. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L10307.
Miyazawa, M., and J. Mori, 2006. Evidence suggesting fluid flow beneath Japan due to periodic seismic triggering from the 2004 Sumatra‐Andaman earthquake. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L05303.
Miyazawa, M., and E. E. Brodsky, 2008. Deep low‐frequency tremor that correlates with passing surface waves. J. Geophys. Res., 113, B01307.
Nadeau, R. M., and D. Dolenc, 2005. Nonvolcanic tremors deep beneath the San Andreas Fault. Science, 307, 389-389.
Obara, K., 2002. Nonvolcanic deep tremor associated with subduction in southwest Japan. Science, 296, 1679-1681.
Obara, K., H. Hirose, F. Yamamizu, and K. Kasahara, 2004. Episodic slow slip events accompanied by non‐volcanic tremors in southwest Japan subduction zone. Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L23602.
Obara, K., and H. Hirose, 2006. Non-volcanic deep low-frequency tremors accompanying slow slips in the southwest Japan subduction zone. Tectonophysics, 417, 33-51.
Obara, K., S. Tanaka, T. Maeda, and T. Matsuzawa, 2010. Depth‐dependent activity of non‐volcanic tremor in southwest Japan. Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L13306.
Outerbridge, K. C., T. H. Dixon, S. Y. Schwartz, J. I. Walter, M. Protti, V. Gonzalez, and J. Biggs, M. Thorwart, W. Rabbel, 2010. A tremor and slip event on the Cocos‐Caribbean subduction zone as measured by a global positioning system (GPS) and seismic network on the Nicoya Peninsula, Costa Rica. J. Geophys. Res., 115, B10408.
Ozawa, S., H. Suito, and M. Tobita, 2007. Occurrence of quasi-periodic slow-slip off the east coast of the Boso peninsula, Central Japan. Earth, planets and space, 59, 1241-1245.
Payero, J. S., V. Kostoglodov, N. Shapiro, T. Mikumo, A. Iglesias, X. Pérez‐Campos, and R. W. Clayton, 2008. Nonvolcanic tremor observed in the Mexican subduction zone. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L07305.
Peacock, S. M., and K. Wang, 1999. Seismic consequences of warm versus cool subduction metamorphism: Examples from southwest and northeast Japan. Science, 286, 937-939.
Peacock, S. M., 2009. Thermal and metamorphic environment of subduction zone episodic tremor and slip. J. Geophys. Res., 114, B00A07.
Peng, Z., and K. Chao, 2008. Non‐volcanic tremor beneath the Central Range in Taiwan triggered by the 2001 Mw 7.8 Kunlun earthquake. Geophys. J. Int., 175, 825-829.
Peng, Z., J. E. Vidale, A. G. Wech, R. M. Nadeau, and K. C. Creager, 2009. Remote triggering of tremor along the San Andreas Fault in central California. J. Geophys. Res., 114, B00A06.
Peng, Z., and J. Gomberg, 2010. An integrated perspective of the continuum between earthquakes and slow-slip phenomena. Nat. Geosci., 3, 599-607.
Peng, Z., D. P. Hill, D. R. Shelly, and C. Aiken, 2010. Remotely triggered microearthquakes and tremor in central California following the 2010 Mw 8.8 Chile earthquake. Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L24312.
Peterson, C. L., and D. H. Christensen, 2009. Possible relationship between nonvolcanic tremor and the 1998–2001 slow slip event, south central Alaska. J. Geophys. Res., 114, B06302.
Reid, H. F., 1910. The mechanics of the earthquake. Carnegie institution of Washington. Washington, D.C.
Rogers, G., and H. Dragert, 2003. Episodic tremor and slip on the Cascadia subduction zone: The chatter of silent slip. Science, 300, 1942-1943.
Richardson, E., and C. Marone, 2008. Geophysics. What triggers tremor? Science, 319, 166-167.
Robinson, R., 2003. Fault interactions and subduction tectonics: a re-examination of the Weber, New Zealand, earthquake sequence of 1990. Geophys. J. Int., 154, 745-753.
Rubinstein, J. L., J. E. Vidale, J. Gomberg, P. Bodin, K. C. Creager, and S. D. Malone, 2007. Non-volcanic tremor driven by large transient shear stresses. Nature, 448, 579-582.
Rubinstein, J. L., D. R. Shelly, and W. L. Ellsworth, 2010. Non-volcanic tremor: A window into the roots of fault zones. In New Frontiers in Integrated Solid Earth Sciences, Springer Netherlands, 287-314.
Segall, P., E. K. Desmarais, D. Shelly, A. Miklius, and P. Cervelli, 2006. Earthquakes triggered by silent slip events on Kīlauea volcano, Hawaii. Nature, 442, 71-74.
Shelly, D. R., G. C. Beroza, S. Ide, and S. Nakamula, 2006. Low-frequency earthquakes in Shikoku, Japan, and their relationship to episodic tremor and slip. Nature, 442, 188-191.
Shelly, D. R., G. C. Beroza, and S. Ide, 2007. Non-volcanic tremor and low-frequency earthquake swarms. Nature, 446, 305-307.
Shelly, D. R., W. L. Ellsworth, T. Ryberg, C. Haberland, G. S. Fuis, J. Murphy, R. M. Nadeau, and R. Bürgmann, 2009. Precise location of San Andreas Fault tremors near Cholame, California using seismometer clusters: Slip on the deep extension of the fault? Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L01303.
Shelly, D. R., 2010. Migrating tremors illuminate complex deformation beneath the seismogenic San Andreas fault. Nature, 463, 648-652.
Shelly, D. R., and K. M. Johnson, 2011. Tremor reveals stress shadowing, deep postseismic creep, and depth‐dependent slip recurrence on the lower‐crustal San Andreas fault near Parkfield. Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L13312.
Shyu, J. B. H., K. Sieh, J. P. Avouac, W. S. Chen, and Y. G. Chen, 2006. Millennial slip rate of the Longitudinal Valley fault from river terraces: Implications for convergence across the active suture of eastern Taiwan. J. Geophys. Res., 111, B08403.
Shyu, J. B. H., K. Sieh, Y. G. Chen, and L. H. Chung, 2006. Geomorphic analysis of the Central Range fault, the second major active structure of the Longitudinal Valley suture, eastern Taiwan. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 118, 1447-1462.
Shyu, J. B. H., K. Sieh, Y. G. Chen, R. Y. Chuang, Y. Wang, and L. H. Chung, 2008. Geomorphology of the southernmost Longitudinal Valley fault: Implications for evolution of the active suture of eastern Taiwan. Tectonics, 27, TC1019.
Suppe, J., 1984. Kinematics of arc-continent collision, flipping of subduction, and back-arc spreading near Taiwan. Mem. Geol. Soc. China, 6, 21-33.
Tang, C. C., Z. Peng, K. Chao, C. H. Chen, and C. H. Lin, 2010. Detecting low‐frequency earthquakes within non‐volcanic tremor in southern Taiwan triggered by the 2005 Mw8.6 Nias earthquake. Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L16307.
Tang, C. C., Z. Peng, C. H. Lin, K. Chao, and C. H. Chen, 2013. Statistical properties of low-frequency earthquakes triggered by large earthquakes in southern Taiwan. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 373, 1-7.
Wallace, L. M., and J. Beavan, 2006. A large slow slip event on the central Hikurangi subduction interface beneath the Manawatu region, North Island, New Zealand. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L11301.
Wallace, L. M., and J. Beavan, 2010. Diverse slow slip behavior at the Hikurangi subduction margin, New Zealand. J. Geophys. Res., 115, B12402.
Walter, J. I., S. Y. Schwartz, J. M. Protti, and V. Gonzalez, 2011. Persistent tremor within the northern Costa Rica seismogenic zone. Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L01307.
Wang, Y. J., K. F. Ma, F. Mouthereau, and D. Eberhart-Phillips, 2010. Three-dimensional Qp-and Qs-tomography beneath Taiwan orogenic belt: implications for tectonic and thermal structure. Geophys. J. Int., 180, 891-910.
Wech, A. G., and K. C. Creager, 2008. Automated detection and location of Cascadia tremor. Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L20302.
Wech, A. G., C. M. Boese, T. A. Stern, and J. Townend, 2012. Tectonic tremor and deep slow slip on the Alpine Fault. Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L10303.
Wu, Y. M., C. H. Chang, L. Zhao, J. B. H. Shyu, Y. G. Chen, K. Sieh, and J. P. Avouac, 2007. Seismic tomography of Taiwan: Improved constraints from a dense network of strong motion stations. J. Geophys. Res., 112, B08312.
Wu, Y. M., C. H. Chang, L. Zhao, T. L. Teng, and M. Nakamura, 2008. A comprehensive relocation of earthquakes in Taiwan from 1991 to 2005. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., 98, 1471-1481.
Yu, S. B., and C. C. Liu, 1989. Fault creep on the central segment of the Longitudinal Valley fault, eastern Taiwan. In Proc. Geol. Soc. China, 209-231.
Yu, S. B., H. Y. Chen, and L. C. Kuo, 1997, Velocity field of GPS stations in the Taiwan area. Tectonophysics, 274, 41-59.
Yu, S. B., and L. C. Kuo, 2001. Present-day crustal motion along the Longitudinal Valley Fault, eastern Taiwan. Tectonophysics, 333, 199-217.
何春蓀，1982。台灣地體構造的演變：台灣地體構造圖說明書。經濟部中央地質調查所，1-110頁。
何春蓀，2006。台灣地質概論：台灣地質圖說明書 (二版五刷)。經濟部中央地質調查所，1-164頁。
林啟文，陳文山，劉彥求，陳柏村，2009。台灣東部與南部的活動斷層，二萬五千分之一活動斷層條帶圖說明書。經濟部中央地質調查所特刊，第23期，1-178頁。
陳文山，林益正，顏一勤，楊志成，紀權窅，黃能偉，林啟文，林偉雄，侯進雄，劉彥求，林燕慧，石同生，盧詩丁，2008。從古地震研究與GPS資料探討縱谷斷層的分段意義。經濟部中央地質調查所特刊，第20期，165-191。
陳肇夏，王京新，1995。台灣變質相圖說明 (第二版)。經濟部中央地質調查所特刊，第二號，1-51頁。
鄧屬予，2007。台灣第四紀大地構造。經濟部中央地質調查所特刊，第18號，1-24頁。