臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

魚類的食鰭現象，是一種非常特殊的食性行為，目前尚未有任何研究指出鰕虎科魚種具有此種特殊行為的表現，在水族觀察當中，我們發現糙體銳齒鰕虎（Smilosicyopus leprurus）有攻擊其他魚種魚鰭並且吞食的現象。因此，本研究想探討此種食鰭現象是否會在野外出現，如果野外的糙體銳齒鰕虎具有食鰭現象，野外的糙體銳齒鰕虎是否以專食他種魚類魚鰭維生。糙體銳齒鰕虎分布於臺灣的恆春半島、東部以及東北部上游急流。本實驗於屏東縣境內溪流進行採集，共採集14尾糙體銳齒鰕虎進行食性分析，藉由顯微鏡觀察糙體銳齒鰕虎之胃內含物以及利用選殖技術分析胃內含物的組成。研究結果顯示，14尾糙體銳齒鰕虎中有1尾消化道中有魚鰭出現，魚鰭之細胞色素c氧化酶複合物亞單位（COI）基因序列經比對過後，顯示為瓢鰭屬（Sicyopterus）之鰕虎所有。選殖作用所含物種序列比率以糙體銳齒鰕虎的COI序列為主（80.16％）。食性分析結果顯示糙體銳齒鰕虎的胃內含物組成90％為水棲昆蟲、5％為魚鰭片段、5％為魚鱗。由上述結果可知，野外的糙體銳齒鰕虎確實有食鰭的現象，但以水棲昆蟲為主食，雖然糙體銳齒鰕虎不以魚鰭為主食，但因糙體銳齒鰕虎具有食鰭行為，仍將糙體銳齒鰕虎視為食鰭魚之一種。
利用粒線體DNA細胞色素b與細胞色素c氧化酶複合物亞單位，將雙盤鰕虎魚亞科中9屬29物種以類聚分析法建立親緣關係樹，結果顯示臺灣的糙體銳齒鰕虎與日本的糙體銳齒鰕虎為同一物種。
另外，本篇論文附上糙體銳齒鰕虎之全粒線體基因序列，希望藉由定序出的粒線體基因全序列能夠在研究鰕虎魚類的親緣關係以及演化上提供參考。

Fin-eating is a unique feeding behavior in fish and there is no study shows that any fin-eaters present in the Gobiidae to date. Smilosicyopus leprurus was observed to tear off other fishes'' fin and swallowed when kept in aquarium. Smilosicyopus leprurus inhabit in upstream and distribute in Hengchun Peninsula、the east and the northeast in Taiwan. The aim of this study is to investigate whether this feeding behavior occurs in the field and whether this species can be considered a fin-eater. Fourteen individuals S. leprurus are captured from streams in Pintung, Taiwan. Food habits of S. leprurus are examined by stereomicroscope and cloning of stomach contents. A fin clip was found in one of the 14 stomach contents. According to the blast of COI sequence, fin clip belongs to the fish genus Sicyopterus. The analysis of stomach contents of S. leprurus revealed that the food of the fish consists of aquatic insects (90%), fin clip (5%) and fish scales (5%). Smilosicyopus leprurus have fin-eating behavior in the wild. Even though S. leprurus doesn’t feed on fins exclusively, this species is cosnsidered a fin-eater.
The phylogenetic tree is reconstructed by neighbor-joining with cytochrome b and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene in twenty-nine species of nine genera in Sicydiinae. The phlogenetic tree shows that S. lepruru in Taiwan and S. leprurus collected from the Okinawa Island are same species.
The complete mitochrondrial genome of S. leprurus are sequenced for future research on the phylogeny and evolution of Gobiidae.

論文審定書 i
謝辭 ii
中文摘要 iii
英文摘要 iv
目錄 v
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii
附錄 viii
壹、前言 1
貳、材料與方法 7
參、結果 17
肆、討論 23
伍、結論 28
參考文獻 29
附表 34
附圖 53
附錄 66

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