參考文獻
一、中文部分
王石番(1992)。傳播內容分析法:理論與實證。台北市:幼獅文化事業公司。
田佳立(2008)。應用POE教學於國中自然與生活科技課程試行研究—以國一生態單元為例。高雄師範大學科學教育研究所,未出版,高雄市。
巫少岑(2007)。以序列性POE探究國小科學教師之科學解釋的研究-以「大氣壓力與表面張力」為例。國立台中教育大學科學應用與推廣學系科學教育碩士論文,未出版,台中市。巫驊軒(2012)。應用ADDIE模式發展國小自然與生活科技領域POE探究教學案例之研究。國立臺北教育大學自然科學教育學系碩士論文,未出版,台北市。李格(2009)。透過主題探索與網路輔助學習環境培養國小學生科學解釋能力之行動研究。國立花蓮教育大學科學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,花蓮縣。李哲迪(2009)。臺灣國中學生在TIMSS及 PISA的科學學習成果表現及其啟示。研習資訊,26(6),73-88李燕文(2011)。探究四年級低成就學生於POE教學過程中簡單和串聯電路之電路心智模式變化及其異例反應和影響因素。臺北市立教育大學科學教育碩士論文,未出版,台北市。林如敏(2013)。應用POE教學策略提升國小學童之科學本質觀與過程技能之研究 --以太陽經緯儀在「太陽與四季」單元的教學應用為例。國立臺北教育大學自然科學教育學系碩士論文,未出版,台北市。林正弘(1988)。伽利略、波柏、科學說明。臺北市:東大。
林煥祥、劉聖忠、林素微、李暉(2008)。臺灣參加PISA2006成果報告。行政院國家科學委員會專題研究成果報告(NSC-95-2522-S-026-002),113-114,未出版。
林家民(2007)。POE 教學策略對國小自然與生活科技領域中「地球運動」概念改變之研究。國立屏東教育大學應用化學暨生命科學系碩士論文,未出版,屏東縣。邱美虹(2000b)。評量學生科學概念之理解:預測-觀察-解釋與繪圖法之評介。發表於八十九學年度(南區)科學概念學術研討會。高雄市:國立高雄師範大學。
邱美虹、林秀蓁(2004)。以 CHILDES 分析一對一科學教學活動中師生互動共建科學知識的行為表現。科學教育學刊,12(2),133-158。邱彥文(2001)。國中理化課試行POE教學之個案研究。國立彰化師範大學科學教育碩士論文,未出版,彰化縣。洪曉憶(2010)。 PISA2006評量架構在台灣國小學童科學解釋能力實作評量發展模式之應用。國立臺北教育大學教育學院教育學系碩士論文,未出版,台北市科學教育研究資料庫(2007)。國際數學與科學教育成就調查。取自http://www.dorise.info/DER/01_timss_2007_html/t2007_04_download.html
翁靖婷(2011)。POE教學策略對國中學生光學迷思概念影響之研究。國立台灣師範大學化學系在職專班碩士論文。未出版,台北市。教育部(2008)。國民中小學九年一貫課程綱要自然與生活科技學習領域。台北市:教育部。
陳美玲、白菁汝、黃映慈、洪惠君(2008)。高中物理之重心與平衡的教學活動暨教具設計。物理教育學刊,9(2),103-112陳嘉蕙(2007)。國中學生之科學解釋及解釋融貫性的研究─以「大氣壓力與表面張力」為例。國立台中教育大學科學應用與推廣學系科學教育碩士論文,未出版,台中市。陳瑞麟(2001)。孔恩:評論集。台北市:巨流。
陳釀酩(2009)。利用「影子變色」實驗探討國中二年級學生的概念與推理過程。台中教育大學科學應用與推廣學系科學教育碩士論文,未出版,台中市。陳宗佑(2011)。以POE策略探究國二學生對「磁浮地球儀」的科學解釋融貫性。國立台中教育大學科學應用與推廣學系科學教育碩士論文,未出版,台中市。陳琍娟(2008)。非科學背景國小自然科教師實施POE教學策略之個案研究。台中教育大學科學應用與推廣學系科學教育碩士論文,未出版,台中市。許良榮(2005)。 序列性POE之特色與設計。國教輔導, 45(2), 6-12.許良榮(2010)。玩出創意:120個創新科學遊戲。台北市:書泉出版社。
許良榮(2011)。玩出創意2:48個酷炫科學魔術。台北市:書泉出版社。
許育彰(1998)。科學家探究問題的邏輯結構與機制運作。科學教育月刊,210,2-11頁。陸健體(1994)。關於世界的問答-科學說明。臺北市:淑馨出版社。
曹永彬(2009)。以 POE策略探究國小三年級學童之磁力概念與推理過程。臺中教育大學科學應用與推廣學系科學教育碩士論文,未出版,台中市。葉辰楨(2000):POE 模式在國一生物科教學之運用。論文發表於第十六屆科學教育學術研討會。台北市,台灣師範大學科學教育研究所。
曾舒平(2005)。探討高一學生對於「板塊構造運動」所持有之概念架構之解釋融貫性。台灣師範大學科學教育研究碩士論文,未出版,台北市。黃誌良(2006)。 POE 教學策略對國小五年級學生鹽的降溫作用相關概念研究。臺北市立教育大學碩士論文,未出版,台北市。黃達三、賴玉春(1998)。國小教師於科學教學的口語解釋研究。科學教育學刊,6(3),285-302。黃文吟 (2000)。從高中學生解釋物理現象的表徵與評價探討其概念架構與認識取向。彰化師範大學科學教育研究所博士論文。黃萊儀(2012)。以POE策略探討國小六年級學生的光反射迷思概念與推理表現。國立臺中教育大學科學應用與推廣學系科學教育碩士論文,未出版,台中市。游岫萱(2009)。POE教學策略對國小三年級學生科學學習動機之影響。臺北市立教育大學科學教育碩士論文,未出版,台北市。楊孝榮(1989)。內容分析法:社會及行為科學研究法。台北市:東華書局。
楊凱悌、邱美虹、王子華(2009)。應用數位影音融入 POE 教學改善國小高年級 學童脊椎動物分類另有概念之效益研究。科學教育學刊,17(5),387-407。湯偉君、邱美虹(2010)。省思科學教學─由解釋、科學解釋類型的觀點。科學教育研究與發展季刊, 59, 1-22.劉月智(2007)。以序列性POE探究大學生之科學解釋的研究—以「大氣壓力與表面張力」為例。國立台中教育大學科學應用與推廣學系科學教育碩士論文,未出版,台中市。劉誠宗(2002)。學生對物種起源的解釋架構一貫性之探析。台灣師範大學科學教育研究碩士論文,未出版,台北市。
劉芯如 (2012)。POE教學策略對透鏡成像概念學習之研究:以八年級為例。國立彰化師範大學科學教育碩士論文,未出版,彰化縣。薄喬萍 (2010)。信度與效度。台北市:東華書局。
羅佩娟(2007)。以S-POE策略發展問卷探究教育大學學生對於自然現象的科學解釋能力─以「大氣壓力與表面張力」為例。國立台中教育大學科學應用與推廣學系科學教育碩士論文,未出版,台中市。謝州恩(2005)。探究情境中國小學童科學解釋能力成長之研究。師大學報,50(2),55-84。
謝佳穎(2011)。八年級學生酸鹼鹽與反應速率單元POE教學實施成效之探討。國立彰化師範大學科學教育碩士論文,未出版,彰化縣。簡錦鳳(2008)。文字鷹架對七年級學生科學解釋能力的影響。國立臺灣師範大學 科學教育研究所在職進修碩士班碩士論文,未出版,臺北市。二、翻譯書部份
王思迅(主編)(2002)。劍橋哲學辭典(原作者:Audi, R.)。臺北市:貓頭鷹。(原著出版年:1995)
邱美虹等(譯)(2003)。概念革命(原作者:Thagaed, P.)。臺北市:紅葉文化。(原著出版年:1992)。
吳芝儀、李奉儒(譯)(2005)。質的評鑑與研究(原作者:Patton, M. Q)。臺北:桂冠。(原著出版年:1990)。
段德智、尹大貽、金常政(譯)(2004)。哲學辭典(原作者:Peter A. Angeles)。臺北市:貓頭鷹。(原著出版年:1999)。
三、外文部分
Achinstein, P. (1988). The illocutionary theory of explanation. In J. C. Pitt (Ed.), Theories of explanation (pp.74-94). New York: Oxford University Press.
Bateson, G. (1979). Mind in nature: A necessary unity. New York: Dutton.
Bell, P., & Linn, M. (2000). Scientific arguments as learning artifacts: Designing for learning from the web with KIE. International Journal of Science Education, 22(8), 797–817.
Berland, L. K., & Reiser, B. J. (2009). Making sense of argumentation and explanation. Science Education, 93(1), 26–55.
Bruce, B. C. (2000). Benefits of P.O.E. [On-Line] http://www.lis.uiuc.edu/~chip/pubs/inquiry/POE/POEbenefits.html
Braaten M. and M. Windschitl (2011). Working toward a stronger conceptualization of scientific explanation for science education. Science Education, 95(4) 639-669.
Champagne, A. B., Klopfer, L. E., & Anderson, J. H. (1980). Factors influencing the learning of classical mechanics. American Journal of Physics, 48(12), 1074-79.
College Board. (2009). Science: College Board standards for college success. New York: Author.
Dagher, Z. R. (1991). Methodological decisions in interpretive research: The case of teacher explanations. In Gallagher, J. J. (Ed.), Interpretive Research in science Education, No. 4, (pp.61-82). Monograph, NARST Press.
Dagher, Z. (1992). Verbal explanations given by science teachers: their nature and implications. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 29(4), 361-374.
Dupre, J. (1993). The disorder of things: Metaphysical foundations of the disunity of science. Cambridge, MA: Harward University Press.
Duschl, R. A., Schweingruber, H. A., & Shouse, A. W. (Eds.), (2007). Taking science to school: Learning and teaching science in grades k-8. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
Edgington, J. R. (1997). What constitutes a scientific explanation? ( ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED406190)
Friedman, M. (1988). Explanation and understanding. In J. C. Pitt(Ed.), Theories of explanation (pp. 180-198). New York: Oxford University Press.
Godfrey-Smith, P. (2003). Theory and reality: An introduction to the philosophy of science. Chicago: The university of Chicago Press.
Harrarinen, K. (2004). Pursuit of explanation within a computer-supported classroom. International Journal of Science Education, 26(8), 979-996.
Hempel, C. G. (1966). Philosophy of natural science. New Jersey: Prentice all/Englewood Cliffs.
Holsti, O. R. (1969). Content analysis for the social sciences and humanities: Addison-Wesley.
Horwood, R. H. (1988). Explanation and description in science teaching. Science Education, 72(1), 41-49.
King, A. (1994). Guiding knowledge construction in the classroom: Effects of teaching children how to question and how to explain. American Educational Research Journal, 31(2), 338-368.
Kuhn, D (2001). How do people know? Psychological Science, 12(1), 1-8.
Kuhn, L., & Reiser, B.J. (2004). Students constructing and defending evidence-based scientific explanations. Paper presented at the NARST Annual Meeting. Dallas, TX.
Leite, L., Mendoza, J., & Borsese, A. (2007). Teachers’ and prospective teachers’ explanations of liquid-state phenomena: a comparative study involving three European countries. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 44(2), 349-374.
Liew, C. W., & Treagust, D. F. (1995). A predict-observe-explain teaching sequence for learning about students’ understanding of heat and expansion of liquids. Australian Science Teacher Journal, 41(1), 68-71.
Liew, C. W.& Treagust, D. F. (1998). The Effectiveness of Predict-observe-Explain Tasks in Diagnosing Students' Understanding of Science and in Identifying Their Levels of Achievement. ( ERIC Documents Reproduction Service No. ED420715)
Martin, J. R. (1970). Explaining, understanding and teaching. New York: McGraw Hill. Mc Ewan, H. & Bull, B. (1991). The pedagogic nature of subject matter knowledge. American Educational Research Journal, 28(2), 316-334.
McEwan, H. & Bull, B. (1991). The pedagogic nature of subject matter knowledge. American Educational Research Journal, 28(2), 316-334.
McNeill, K. L., Lizotte, D. J., Krajcik, J., & Marx, R. W. (2006). Supporting students' construction of scientific explanations by fading scaffolds in instructional materials. Learning Sciences, 15(2), 153-191.
McNeill, K. L.,&Krajcik, J. (2008). Scientific explanations: Characterizing and evaluating the effects of teachers’ instructional practices on student learning. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 45(1), 53 – 78.
McNeill, K. L. (2011). Elementary students’ views of explanation, argumentation, and evidence, and their abilities to construct arguments over the school year. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 48(7), 793-823.
National Research Council. (1996). The national science education standards. Washinhton, DC: National Academy Press.
National Research Council. (2000). Inquiry and the national science education standards. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
National Research Council. (2007). Taking science to school: Learning and teaching science in grades K-8. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
Ogborn, J., Kress, G., Martins, I., & McGillicuddy, B. (1997). Explaining science in the classroom. Buckingham, UK: Open University.
Ohlsson, S. (1992). The Cognitive skill theory of articulation: A neglected aspect of science education. Science Education, 1(2), 181-192.
Osborne, J. F. and A. Patterson (2011). Scientific argument and explanation: A necessary distinction? Science Education, 95(4), 627-638.
Pallrand, G. J. (1996). The relationship of assessment to knowledge development of science education. Phi Delta Kappan, 78(4), 315-318.
Palmer, D. (1995). The POE in the primary school: An evaluation. Research in Science Education, 25(3), 323-332.
Patton, M. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research methods, London: Sage.
Pitt, J.C. (1988). Theories of explanation. New Youk: Oxford University Press.
Ruiz-Primo, M. A., Li, M., Tsai, S.-P., & Schneider, J. (2010). Testing one premise of scientific inquiry in science classrooms: Examining students’ scientific explanations and student learning. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 47(5), 583 – 608.
Salmon, W. (1970). Statistical explanation. In R. Colodny (Ed.), The nature and
function of scientific theories (pp. 173-231). Pittsburgh: University of
Pittsburgh Press.
Salmon, W. C. (1989a). Four decades of scientific explanation. In P. Kitcher & W. C. Salmon (Eds.), Scientific explanation (pp. 3-219). Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Salmon, W. C. (1998). Causality and explanation. New York: Oxford University Press.
Sandoval, W. A. (2003). Conceptual and epistemic aspects of students’ scientific explanations. Journal of the Learning Sciences, 12(1), 5–51.
Sandoval, W. A., & Millwood, K. A. (2005). The quality of students’use of evidence in written scientific explanations. Cognition and Instruction, 23(1), 23–55.
Sandoval W.A., Reiser B. J. (2004). Explanation-driven inquiry: Integrating conceptual and epistemic scaffolds for scientific inquiry. Science Education , 88(3), 345-372.
Scriven, M. (1988). Explanations, predicts and laws. In J. C. Pitt (Ed.), Theories of explanation (pp. 51-74). New York: Oxford University.
Smith, B. K., & Reiser, B. J. (1997). What should a wildebeest say? Interactive nature films for high school classrooms. In J. D. Hollan & J. D. Foley (Eds.), Proceedings of ACM multimedia, (pp. 193-201). New York: ACM Press.
Sutherland, L. M. (2002). Guidelines for explanation in scientific inquiry. UM and UPS teacher meetings (July).
Thagard, P. (1992). Conceptual revolution. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Touger, J. S., Dufresne, R. J., Gerace, W. J., Hardiman, P. T., & Mestre, J. P. (1995). How novice physics students deal with explanations. International Journal of Science Education, 17(2), 255-269.
Toulmin, S. (1958). The uses of argument. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.
Treagust, D. F., & Harrison, A. G. (2000). In search of explanatory frameworks: An analysis of Richard Feynman's lecture 'Atoms in motion'. International Journal of Science Education, 22(11), 1157-1170.
Treagust, D. F., & Mamiala, T. L. (2003). The role of submicroscopic and symbolic representations in chemical explanations. International Journal of Science Education, 25(11), 1353-1368.
Van Fraassen, B. C. (1988). The pragmatic theory of explanation. In J. C. Pitt (Ed.), Theories of explanation (pp.136-155). New York: Oxford University Press.
Webb, N. M. (1989). Peer interaction and learning in small groups. International Journal of Educational Research, 13(1), 21-40.
White, R. T., & Gunstone, R. F. (1981). Understanding of gravity. Science Education,65(3), 291-299.
White, R., & Gunstone, R. (1992). Predict-observe-explanation. In R. White, & R. Gunstone, (Eds.), Probing understanding (pp. 44-64). London: The Falmer Press.
Wong, E. D. (1996). Students' scientific explanations and the contexts in which they occur. The Elementary School Journal, 96(5), 495-509.
Zangori, L. and C. T. Forbes (2013). Preservice elementary teachers and explanation construction: Knowledge-for-practice and knowledge-in-practice. Science Education 97(2), 310-330.
Zuzovsky, R., & Tamir, P. (1999). Growth patterns in students' ability to supply scientific explanations: Findings from the Third International Mathematics and Science Study in Israel. International Journal of Science Education, 21(10), 1101-1121.