臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究係以苯乙烯為單體，Living polystyrene (PSlc)為活性高分子型共同安定劑，SDS為界面活性劑之迷你乳液系統，於25 ℃下，改變不同分子量之活性高分子共同安定劑的體積分率，探討迷你乳液之安定性及奧斯瓦老化速率與Lin和Chern 所提出之經驗式的關係。
再者，比較以具有相似分子量的活性聚苯乙烯(PSlc)與非活性聚苯乙烯(PSc)為共同安定劑對迷你乳化的奧斯瓦老化效應之影響。
最後將穩定的迷你乳液送入反應器中反應，藉由改變活性高分子型共同安定劑之分子量(Mn)與體積分率及起始劑(SPS、AIBN)探討反應過程中乳液的成核機制與動力學關係。

The object of this study are use Living Polystyrene as a costabilizer and SDS as a surfactant on styrene miniemulsion system at 25℃ by varies the volume fraction and molecular weight of costabilizer to probe Ostwald ripening effect.
Moreover, Ostwald ripening behavior by using polymeric as a costabilizer have been investigate and develop by Chern. The Kabal’nov equation has been modified to describe regarding the Ostward ripening rate have decrease against with increasing the polymeric costabilizer. Thus the thermodynamic parameter as the Flory-Huhhins interaction paramerter (Χ_(m,p)) was investigated by using the modification of Kabal’nov equation in this miniemulsion system either.
In this study, the minemulsion polymerization technique prepare by Styrene/ Living Polystyrene latexes. The nucleation mechanism and kinetics in the miniemulsion system were investigated by changing different initiators (SPS、AIBN) and molecular weight (Mn) of costabilizer.

目錄
摘要 I
AbstractII
致謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 X
第一章 序論 1
1.1乳液的簡介 1
1.2乳化聚合簡介 2
第二章 文獻回顧 4
2.1乳化聚合反應 4
2.2乳液的安定性 6
2.2.1膏化現象 8
2.2.2奧斯瓦老化效應和滲透壓效應 9
2.3乳化聚合反應的成核機構 16
2.3.1微胞成核理論 (micellar nucleation) 16
2.3.2均質成核理論 (homogeneous nucleation) 18
2.3.3凝聚成核理論(coagulative nucleation) 20
2.3.4單體液滴成核(monomer droplet nucleation) 21
2.4活性自由基聚合(living free radical polymerization) 22
2.4.1簡介 22
2.4.2可逆加成-斷裂鏈轉移聚合法(RAFT) 23
第三章 實驗方法與步驟 26
3.1實驗藥品 26
3.2實驗儀器與設備 29
3.3實驗流程與步驟 30
3.3.1以熱總體聚合法、RAFT活性自由基聚合合成共同安定劑 30
3.3.2以溶液聚合法合成共同安定劑 32
3.3.3迷你乳液的製備 34
3.3.4迷你乳化聚合反應 36
3.3.5稀釋液配置 39
3.3.6迷你乳液奧斯瓦老化速率測量 40
3.4性質鑑定及分析 41
3.4.2判定相分離 41
3.4.3利用DLS量測不同轉化率的粒子粒徑 41
3.4.4轉化率的測定 42
3.4.5巨鏈轉移劑理論分子量計算【48】 43
3.4.6利用GPC量測最終產品的分子量以及分子量分佈指數 43
3.4.7反應前單體液滴數的計算 43
3.4.8反應後乳漿粒子數的計算 44
3.4.9反應速率的計算 44
3.4.10 Rth2的計算 44
第四章 實驗結果與討論 45
4.1高分子型共同安定劑之性質測定 45
4.1.1利用GPC測得高分子型共同安定劑之分子量 45
4.2膏化線與相分離 48
4.3單體液滴成長與奧斯瓦老化效應之探討 49
4.3.1探討使用不同含量及不同分子量的PSlc為共同安定劑對迷你乳液的奧斯瓦老化效應影響 49
4.3.2相似分子量的活性聚苯乙烯(PSlc)與非活性聚苯乙烯(PSc)共同安定劑對迷你乳化的奧斯瓦老化效應之影響 55
4.4改變共同安定劑種類與含量及起始劑之種類對迷你乳化聚合反應之粒徑影響 61
4.5改變共同安定劑種類與含量及起始劑之種類對迷你乳化聚合反應動力學之影響 64
4.6迷你乳液分子量及分子量分佈 70
第五章 結論 79
第六章 參考文獻 81
附錄 86

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