臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

肘節式鎖模機構乃立式射出成型機之重要單元，現有的設計方法，為直接採用臥式射出成型機中的肘節式鎖模機構，將其由臥式姿態改為立正姿態，供立式機台套用。為了使機台重心靠近地面且讓下模固定在機座上，輸入馬達則將被迫裝於機台的可動板上；然而，此設計使馬達需承受自我載重，衍生馬達耗費功率過高且最大需求扭矩增大的問題。本論文即探討立式射出成型機的肘節式鎖模機構設計，提出一種適用於立式機台的肘節式鎖模機構，解決馬達扭矩與功耗需求高且需承受自重的問題。研究首先回顧射出成型機肘節式鎖模機構設計之相關文獻，接著利用機構構造合成方法，合成出一種新型、具不同連桿類型配置方式的瓦特型六桿七接頭肘節式鎖模機構。然後，建立該機構的運動學數學模型，藉此了解機構的運動與受力行為。據此，利用最佳化設計方法，找出適當的三組機構桿件尺寸組合，使該設計分別具有最小之馬達需求最大扭力、最小之馬達需求平均功率、以及最小之馬達需求最大扭力與平均功率等特性。研究結果顯示，在與現有機台相同的總重、合模速度、鎖模力以及工作空間條件下：
1) 第一種設計之馬達需求扭力僅需現有機台之13%左右，馬達平均功率則為現有機台之44.9%左右。
2) 第二種設計之馬達需求扭力僅需現有機台之19%左右，馬達平均功率則為現有機台之44.6%左右。
3) 第三種設計之馬達需求扭力僅需現有機台之16%左右，馬達平均功率則為現有機台之44.9%左右。

Toggled mold-clamping mechanism is an important element for vertical injection molding machine. Currently adopted directly from the mechanism in the horizontal counterpart. However, in order to make the mass center of gravity near the ground and to fix the lower mold on the frame, the driving motor of the toggled mold-clamping mechanism has to be installed on a moving plate. Such an installation will unfortunately ask the motor to bear the weight itself, which induces high power consumption and increases the maximum demanding motor torque to the machine. Therefore, this thesis aims to figure out a new toggled mold-clamping mechanism design, which is suitable for use in vertical injection molding machines. We first reviewed literatures about the toggle mechanism design and used the available structural synthesis method to find an Watt’s six-bar linkage with different link-type assortment to the existing design. Then, we established a mathematical model to formulate the kinematics and inverse dynamics of the mechanism. Accordingly, three optimal dimensional designs of the mechanism were derived including the 1) minimal maximum motor torque, 2) minimal average input power, and 3) minimum of maximum input torque and mean input power subject to the same total weight, molding speed, clamping force and workspace as the existing commercially-available machines. The design results indicated that:
1) Case 1: Under the optimal mechanism dimension in this case, the maximum motor torque is only about 13% of that in the existing machine. And the motor average power is about 44.9% of that in the existing machine.
2) Case 2: Under the optimal mechanism dimension in this case, the maximum motor torque is only about 19% of that in the existing machine. And the motor average power is about 44.6% of that in the existing machine.
3) Case 3: Under the optimal mechanism dimension in this case, the maximum motor torque is only about 16% of that in the existing machine. And the motor average power is about 44.9% of that in the existing machine.

摘要 I
ABSTRACT III
致謝 V
目錄 VII
表目錄 X
圖目錄 XI
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機 2
1.2 文獻回顧：肘節式鎖模機構 7
1.2.1 文獻分類 8
1.2.2 動態分析 9
1.2.3 構造合成 10
1.2.4 運動合成 11
1.3 研究目的 12
1.4 論文架構 13
第二章 肘節式鎖模機構之構造設計 15
2.1 肘節機構介紹 15
2.2 構造合成 17
2.3 機構參數設定 20
2.4 小結 22
第三章 運動分析 23
3.1 位置分析 23
3.2 速度分析 25
3.3 數值範例 26
3.4 小結 34
第四章 力量分析 35
4.1 鎖模力 35
4.2 馬達力分析 36
4.3 搖撼力分析 37
4.4 反動力學分析 37
4.5 數值範例 40
4.6 小結 46
第五章 最佳化設計 47
5.1 目標函數 47
5.1.1 Case 1：最小之馬達需求最大扭力 47
5.1.2 Case 2：最小之馬達需求平均功率 48
5.1.3 Case 3：最小之馬達需求最大扭力與平均功率 48
5.2 設計參數 49
5.3 限制條件 49
5.4 最佳化結果 51
5.4.1 平面機構 51
5.4.2 空間機構 64
5.5 小結 72
第六章 結論與未來展望 74
6.1 結論 74
6.2 未來展望 76
參考文獻 78
附錄1 81

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