臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究針對市場上常見之隔膜式一級呼吸調節機構實施最佳化分析，首先利用熱力學連續方程式得出環境溫度、空氣密度與壓力間之關係式。再藉由牛頓第二運動定律將壓力、中壓室內部彈簧力與摩擦力所得之力平衡方程式，建立Matlab模型，最後利用MATLAB/Simulink之Design Optimization工具將設計變數、彈力常數及調節器內中壓室體積實施最佳化分析，藉以減少中壓室內的壓力變化為目標，如此使用者在呼吸過程中將不會因壓力過大而引發不適。
本研究成功的建立隔膜式一級呼吸調節器的數學模型，並進行最佳化的分析，得知高壓彈簧及平衡彈簧的彈力常數，與調節器內中壓室體積能改善調節器的性能，使潛水員在呼吸上能更為順暢。

This paper proposed a mathematical model for the diaphragm-type first-stage regulator, and perform optimization analysis on this model. First, the Continuity Equation from Thermal Dynamics was used to construct the relations between environmental temperature, air density, and air pressure. Then, Newton’s Second Law was used to derive the equation of the air pressure, the spring forces, and the friction forces. Finally, three parameters including the chamber volume are used for optimization analysis with “Design Optimization” tool of MATLAB/Simulink. The objective is to reduce the pressure difference in the chamber so that users will feel comfortable during breathing.
From the optimization results, higher spring constant of the Balance spring and the High-pressure spring, and chamber volume can improve the performance of a regulator in order to make the divers breath more smoothly.

1.緒論 1
1.1前言 1
1.2研究動機及目的 2
1.3研究方法 3
1.4文獻探討 5
1.4.1隔膜式及活塞式一級呼吸調節器介紹 5
1.4.2國內外相關期刊文獻 6
1.4.3國內外相關專利 14
1.4.4技術要點分析 19
1.5論文架構 21
2.理論分析 22
2.1供氣裝備說明 22
2.2隔膜式調節器說明 23
2.3基礎公式推導 24
2.3.1減壓閥氣體能量守恆過程 24
2.3.2壓力、中壓室體積、及質量流率變化分析 30
2.3.3隔膜式一級呼吸調節器數學方程式 33
3.模擬運算與最佳化方法 36
3.1 模擬運算及最佳化方法說明 36
3.1.1最佳化理論 36
3.1.2 MATLAB Optimization Toolbox 37
3.2隔膜式一級呼吸調節器Simulink 模擬運算 39
3.2.1假設環境條件 39
3.2.2隔膜式一級呼吸調節器Simulink整體架構 39
3.2.3隔膜式一級呼吸調節器各系統設定 40
3.2.4隔膜式一級呼吸調節器Simulink模擬結果 46
3.2.5模擬結果與實驗比較 47
3.3敏感度分析 48
3.4最佳化運算 49
3.4.1目標函數 49
3.4.2設計變數 49
3.4.3限制條件 49
3.4.4解法及演算法 49
3.4.5最佳化的結果 50
3.5有限元素分析 51
3.5.1彈簧 51
3.5.2中壓室體積空間 53
3.5.3分析結果 54
4.結論及未來研究方向 55
4.1結論 55
4.2未來方向 55
5.參考文獻 56

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