臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究以鎂金屬經過機械取屑並添加不同比例活性碳C (wt%)，以探討其吸放氫性能。後續為與ZK60之結果相比較，採固定添加5 wt% C，再添加不同比例的Ag、Pd、Pt、Zr及Nb等催化元素，進行20小時球磨製備儲氫粉末，探討合金粉末之儲氫相關性質。
實驗結果顯示Mg添加15 wt% C為最佳比例，其最大吸氫量可達6.62 wt%，因碳為非吸氫元素，添加過量時會導致吸氫量下降。當Mg添加5 wt% C時，最大吸氫量可達5.00 wt%。探討不同催化元素之比較中，Mg5C添加0.5Ag在360℃下最大吸氫量達5.71 wt%，添加0.5Pd 在相同溫度下有本研究中最高吸氫量6.81 wt% ，添加0.7Zr與0.7Pt在360℃下分別有5.83 wt% 與5.59 wt% 之吸氫量，其中Pd的催化效果最明顯，而Zr對於吸氫速率有較佳之助益。
Mg5C添加不同比例Nb之試驗中，添加0.5Nb於360℃下有最大吸氫量5.78 wt%，並且有良好的循環穩定性，而添加0.5Nb於
320℃及340℃下僅有第一次吸氫量較佳，但最大吸氫量皆不及2 wt%。因Nb為非吸氫元素，添加過量之Nb時會導致最大吸氫量下降，又因氫化物在較低溫度下不易完全解離使其循環效能皆不佳，故Mg5C1Nb及Mg5C1.5Nb之最大吸氫量及循環效能皆遠不及Mg5C0.5Nb。
比較Mg與ZK60添加5C及Ag、Pd、Zr之最大吸氫量與吸氫速率之差異中，添加Pd時，Mg相對於ZK60而言少了Zn與Zr，因此Pd對Mg的催化效果較ZK60來的顯著，故Mg之最大吸氫量在
360℃下為6.81 wt% 較ZK60 6.33 wt% 為高。ZK60中含有Zn與Zr，因此添加Zr催化時需要的量高於Mg；添加Ag、Pd、Zr對ZK60之吸氫速率皆優於Mg，ZK60前五分鐘可吸收約六十分鐘吸氫量的95%，而Mg仍有良好之吸氫速率，前五分鐘可吸收約六十分鐘吸氫量的90%。

The hydrogen storage capacity of pure magnesium with adding various amounts of active carbon by ball milling was investigated in this study. To compare with the hydrogen storage performance of ZK60 alloy, the related properties of pure magnesium with adding 5 wt% active carbon and various amounts of Ag、Pd、Pt、Zr and Nb by ball-milling for 20 hours were also studied.
Experimental results showed that the pure magnesium with 15wt% C has the best hydrogen storage capacity of 6.62 wt%. Then it decreases with increasing the amount of active carbon. For pure magnesium with 5 wt% C, the hydrogen storage capacity can reach 5.00 wt%. In the study of pure magnesium with adding various kinds of catalyst elements, the hydrogen storage capacity of Mg with 5C and 0.5Ag can reach 5.71 wt% at 360℃, and it becomes 6.81 wt% for Mg with 5C and 0.5Pd at the same absorption/desorption temperature. The hydrogen storage capacities of Mg5C0.7Zr and Mg5C0.7Pt are 5.83 wt% and 5.59 wt%, respectively, at 360℃. It is noted that the catalytic effect is obvious for Mg with adding Pd, and the hydrogen storage speed is significant for Mg with adding Zr.

In the study of Mg with adding 5C and various amounts of Nb, the hydrogen storage capacity of Mg with 5C and 0.5Nb reaches the maximum value of 5.78 at 360℃, and it exhibits excellent cyclic stability for Mg with 5C0.5Nb. However, the hydrogen storage capacity of Mg with 5C0.5Nb is not so good at 320℃ and 340℃, and it becomes less than 2 wt% after the first cycle at these temperatures. The hydrogen storage performance of Mg5C1Nb and Mg5C1.5Nb is worse than that of Mg5C0.5Nb.
For comparison between Mg and ZK60 with adding 5C and various amounts of Ag、Pd and Zr, the hydrogen storage capacity of Mg 5C0.5Pd is 6.81 wt% at 360℃, which is higher than 6.33 wt% for ZK605C0.5Pd at the same temperature, due to the significant catalytic effect for Mg with adding Pd. The effect of adding Ag、Pd and Zr on the hydrogen storage speed is more obvious for ZK60 than that for Mg. The hydrogen storage capacity of ZK60 for absorbing hydrogen at the first five minutes is about 95% of that for 60 minutes, and it is about 90% for Mg at the same conditions.

摘要 I
總目錄 Ш
圖目錄 Ⅵ
表目錄 Ⅸ
第一章 前言 1
1.1研究動機 1
1.2研究目的 5
第二章 文獻回顧 6
2.1氫的介紹 6
2.1.1氫的基本性質 6
2.1.2氫氣的燃燒 8
2.2氫能源的儲存技術 10
2.2.1 高壓氫氣儲氣 11
2.2.2 液態氫氣儲存 12
2.2.3 金屬氫化物儲氫 12
2.2.4 吸附型儲氫材料 13
2.2.5 有機化合物儲氫 14
2.3 儲氫合金簡介 15
2.4儲氫合金之性質 17
2.4.1 儲氫動力學性質 17
2.4.2 儲氫合金熱力學性質 21
2.5機械合金 (Mechanical Alloying, MA) 25
2.5.1 機械合金法之原理 25
2.5.2球磨機種類 27
2.5.3球磨速度與時間 27
2.5.4鋼球與粉體之重量比(球粉比) 28
2.5.5球磨氣氛 28
2.5.6球磨溫度 29
第三章 實驗方法與步驟 30
3.1 實驗流程圖 31
3.2合金粉末製備 32
3.3實驗設備介紹 33
3.3.1 ICP-AES 元素成分分析 33
3.3.2 X-Ray 繞射分析 34
3.3.3金相與SEM表面型態觀察 35
3.4儲氫合金之儲氫性能檢測 36
3.4.1活化 38
3.4.2吸氫動力學曲線 38
第四章 結果與討論 39
4.1材料成分與顯微組織分析 39
4.1.1材料成分分析 39
4.1.2顯微組織觀察 40
4.2鎂金屬之吸放氫性能 42
4.3球磨添加物對儲氫性質之影響 45
4.3.1添加不同比例之活性碳C 46
4.3.2添加5C及不同比例之Ag 51
4.3.3 添加5C及不同比例之Pd 58
4.3.4 添加5C及不同比例之Pt 65
4.3.5添加5C及不同比例之Zr 72
4.3.6添加5C及不同比例之Nb 79
4.4 鎂金屬與ZK60之比較 85
第五章 結論 88
參考文獻 90

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