本論文應用田口方法、反應曲面法及基因演算法探討非位移型股骨頸骨折之內固定空心螺釘最佳化設計。研究中使用SolidWorks繪圖軟體建立骨折狀態及空心螺釘之模型，並應用正常髖關節步態週期站立階段之數據，以有限元素分析軟體ANSYS Workbench進行模擬分析，透過田口方法找出內固定空心螺釘之最佳參數配置組合及對品質特性具顯著的影響因子，做為預測數學模型的變數；接著運用反應曲面法之參數配置建立數學方程式及數學模型之擬合；隨後運用基因演算法進行搜尋分析運算，找出進一步收斂的最佳參數配置組合。
由分析結果得知，本研究分析程序可明顯改善整體骨折部位狀態之應力分佈，其平均降幅達23.42%。最佳參數配置組合為不鏽鋼(316L)材料、外徑6.5mm、使用標準螺紋進行固定、螺紋長度75mm、螺距1.5mm、螺釘中空直徑3.5mm，且其應力負載也較趨近於正常股骨之應力狀態。研究流程有助於醫學研發單位節省相關之開發成本及時間，並獲得較佳的設計結果。

This thesis applied the Taguchi method, response surface methodology and genetic algorithm to optimize the hollow screws which are used to treat non-displacement femoral neck fractures. In the study, SolidWorks was used to design fracture situation and screw models, and ANSYS Workbench was used for simulation analysis by applying the gait data of normal human hip. The best combination and significant factors of the screw was found out by Taguchi method, and the mathematical model was established by response surface methodology, then the optimal combination parameters were obtained by genetic algorithm.
The results show that the process developing in this study can use to decrease the stress distribution to 23.42%. The finally best parameters combination is: material using 316L, and standard thread which outside diameter of the screw with 7.0mm, thread with 75mm, pitch with 3.5mm and the center hole diameter with 3.5mm. The stress loading distribution of femur under these parameters combination tends to normal. The process of this study can help medical researcher saving development costs and time, and obtain better design result.

摘要
Abstract
致謝
目錄
表目錄
圖目錄
第一章 緒論
1.1前言
1.2生醫材料之介紹
1.3文獻回顧
1.4研究動機
1.5研究目的
1.6論文架構
第二章 股骨頸骨折之生物力學基礎理論
2.1股骨及髖關節解剖構造之介紹
2.2髖關節之運動學介紹
2.3股骨頸骨折之背景與介紹
第三章 研究相關理論
3.1田口方法
3.1.1田口方法設計流程概述
3.1.2直交表
3.1.3參數設計
3.1.4信號雜音比(S/N比)
3.1.5回應表及回應圖
3.2反應曲面法
3.2.1反應曲面法設計流程與概述
3.2.2數學模型
3.2.3實驗設計方法
3.3基因演算法
3.3.1基因演算法設計流程概述
3.3.2編碼及適應函數
3.3.3選擇運算
3.3.4交配運算
3.3.5突變運算
第四章 空心螺釘最佳化設計與分析
4.1研究流程說明
4.2模型建立
4.2.1股骨立體模型
4.2.2空心螺釘模型建立
4.3有限元素分析設定
4.3.1選定元件材料
4.3.2負載與邊界條件
4.3.3建立元件網格
4.4田口方法之分析
4.4.1直交表之選定與有限元素分析之結果
4.4.2回應表與回應圖繪製
4.5反應曲面結合基因演算法
4.5.1反應曲面之實驗設計與數學模型分析
4.5.2基因演算法之疊代分析
第五章 結果與討論
5.1最佳化分析之結果探討
5.1.1空心螺釘之最佳參數設計分析
5.1.2最佳化分析流程總結
5.2空心螺釘之顯著因子反應曲面探討
5.2.1最佳空心螺釘設計之迴歸分析
5.2.2顯著因子的相互影響效應
第六章 結論與未來展望
6.1結論
6.2未來展望
參考文獻
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