臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

首次使用三元化合物半導體量子點PbBi4S7作為敏化太陽電池中之吸光材料。實驗採用兩階段的連續離子層吸附反應法 ( SILAR )並經過退火將三元化合物半導體量子點合成於多孔性TiO2薄膜內，並且利用X-ray粉末繞射儀分析所合成出材料的晶相為PbBi4S7，其結構為斜方晶系。光學特性由紫外-可見光譜儀 (UV-Vis Spectroscopy)進行分析與計算能隙為1.2-1.35 eV。研究金與鉑對電極，不同電液對效率影響。
發現敏化太陽能電池在PbS(5)/Bi2S3(15) 的SILAR cycles、多硫電解質搭配Au對電極為最佳化結果。100 %太陽光下可得到轉換效率0.584 %、開路電壓0.14 V、短路電流密度15.67 mA/cm2與填充因子26.46 %。在14%太陽光 下經過歸一化更達到轉換效率1.26 %、開路電壓0.12 V、短路電流密度34.57 mA/cm2與填充因子30.26 %，在使用Cobalt (TBP)電解液在100%光強度下得到短路電流5.94 mA/cm2、開路電壓0.39 V、填充因子16.32 %、轉換效率為0.378 %，在12%光源下經過規一化後得到短路電流22.7 mA/cm2、開路電壓0.37 V、填充因子17.69 %，轉換效率為1.48 %，降低光源得到的轉換效率為100 %光源的3.9倍。

We present a new ternary semiconductor sensitizer PbBi4S7 for solar cells for the first time. Successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) was employed to prepare PbBi4S7 sensitized nanocrystallite TiO2 photoanodes. After a two-stage SILAR and annealing at 250℃ for 20 min in N2, PbBi4S7 quantum dots were synthesized. The characteristics of these photoanodes, such as surface morphology and UV-Vis adsorption, were measured with XRD and UV-Visible measurement. The effects of Au or Pt as counter electrodes to liquid electrolytes with different polysulfide redox couples on the photovoltaic performance were also studied. The cells assembled with these different components showed different photovoltaic performance. The best condition for the growth process are PbS(5)/Bi2S3(15) of SILAR circulation, Au as counter electrode, and polysulfide as electrolyte. The best cell exhibited a short-circuit current density Jsc of 15.67 mA/cm2 an open-circuit voltage Voc of 0.14 V, a fill factor FF of 26.46 % and a power conversion efficiency of 0.584 % under 1 sun. At the reduced light intensity of 0.14 sun, the power conversion efficiency increased to 1.26 % with normalized Jsc of 34.57 mA/cm2. The use of cobalt electrolyte results in a short-circuit current density Jsc of 5.94 mA/cm2、an open-circuit voltage Voc of 0.39 V、a fill factor of 16.32 % and an efficiency of 0.378. Under 0.12 sun, normalized conversion efficiency reached 1.48 % with open circuit voltage Voc of 0.37 V, a short circuit current density Jsc of 22.7 mA/cm2.

第一章 序論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 研究動機 4
第二章 實驗原理與文獻回顧 6
2-1 文獻回顧 6
2-2 QDSSC工作原理 8
2-3 太陽能電池結構 9
2-3-1 透明導電玻璃(Transparent conducting oxide，TCO) 9
2-3-2 緻密層(Titanium isoproproxide, TTip) 10
2-3-3 TiO2 氧化物半導體吸附層 11
2-3-4 光敏化半導體材料 11
2-3-5 光散射層 11
2-3-6 ZnS包覆半導體層 12
2-3-7 電解液 12
2-3-8 對電極 13
2-4 化學浴沉積法 (Chemical bath deposition , CBD) 13
2-5 連續離子層吸附反應法 (SILAR) 13
2-6 量子點的特性 13
2-6-1量子侷限效應 14
2-6-2 多重激子產生 (Multiple exciton generation，MEG) 15
2-7 半導體敏化太陽能電池效能分析 16
2-7-1太陽能電池參數 16
2-7-2太陽光與模擬光源條件 17
第三章 實驗製程 19
3-1 實驗儀器 19
3-2 實驗藥品 21
3-3 實驗流程及製作 23
3-3-1光電極製作 23
3-3-2 TTip 緻密層製作 24
3-3-3 TiO2吸光層與散射層製作 24
3-3-4製作PbBi4S7量子點 25
3-3-5硫化鋅ZnS Coating 27
3-3-6 電池封裝 27
3-3-7 對電極製作 27
3-3-8電解液的製作 29
3-3-8 量測 30
第四章 結果與討論 31
4-1 XRD分析 31
4-2 TEM 分析 33
4-3 UV-Vis光學特性分析 34
4-4 太陽能電池效率分析 36
4-4-1 不同的BiS2濃度對太陽能電池效率的影響 36
4-4-2 不同SILAR次數對太陽能電池效率的影響 37
4-4-3 不同退火溫度對太陽能電池效率的影響 37
4-4-4 不同緻密層對電子特性的影響 38
4-4-5 不同電解液對電池的特性影響 39
4-4-6 TiO2顆粒大小對電池的特性影響 40
4-4-7 不同對電極對電池的效率影響 41
4-4-8 Power dependence 量測分析 42
4-4-9 Cobalt電解液 43
4-4-10 外部量子效率 (EQE)分析 45
第五章 結論 47
未來工作 48
1. 開路電壓的提升 48
2. 填充因子的提升 48
參考文獻 49

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