臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

物聯網為近年創新之技術概念，透過多元感測資訊之生產與即時傳遞，配合應用知識之運作而創造出如智慧城市、智慧建築、智慧居家等各類便利與舒適之服務，單獨之應用更是不勝枚舉，對人民之生活品質有顯著之改善與提昇。如此累積之龐大感測資料具有高度之價值，其後續應用當然也不侷限於原生產用途，因此衍生出在物聯網環境中進行資源共享、資料介接流通與應用服務發展之需求。在突破領域及組織間之藩籬後，物聯網之網路連結特性就可更廣闊與更便利地發展，滿足智慧化及互操作應用之目標。換言之，物聯網之發展必須考量專責分工及分享應用之可能性，如此才能在設定範疇內提供多元及最佳品質之服務，同時滿足避免重複投資及充分應用資源之目標。
本研究擬探討之課題為物聯網應用於個人化服務之基本架構與方法。基於物聯網範疇內之多元資料可透過人、事、時、地、物等五個因素詮釋，本設計提出兩階層之應用綱要設計策略，上層級為物聯網應用之共同綱要架構，除涵蓋時間、空間、識別等因素之原型綱要設計外，並加入語意之考量，形成標準化之共同參考架構。下階層之應用綱要雖因應用之不同而有不同，但在參考上層共同架構之前提下，其內容與架構將可在設定範疇中具有高度之互操作性。本研究成功驗證上述之運作觀點，並進一步顯示設定範疇中部份類別及其衍生運作機制可被多類服務同時使用，因此在具體規劃後，可有效提昇物聯網中資源之共用性、資料之重複使用性及避免重複投資，未來甚至可形成專屬之資料與服務，由特定之單位發展後，提供給所有物聯網應用引用。在應用系統方面，本研究由應用知識之觀點，發展包括使用者目前位置查詢、停車位災害預警、預約行程提醒及訪客預約安排等四個應用情境之個人化服務，有效融入多元感測器、結構化建物空間表示、動態變化環境等因素，成功展示物聯網技術應用於智慧型個人化服務發展之能力。本研究雖以校園為設計範疇，但研究成果將可擴展應用於其他之範疇。
就物聯網應用而言，資料與服務是兩類必然持續擴展的資源，但過去之系統多因專屬用途之考量而有封閉資料格式或介面之限制，本研究以互操作性及智慧化應用為主軸，未來仍可朝綱要擴充、智慧程度提昇、服務資源分享及隱私問題等課題持續探討，以善用物聯網優勢，持續追求更便利及更高品質之服務。

The development of the Internet of Things (IoT) takes advantages of the fast growing information infrastructure and sensor technology to facilitate a convenient environment for human beings. With the abundant data collected, smart and customized services developed according to personal demands have great potential to improve humans’ life quality. Its success nonetheless requires to effectively manage heterogeneous data from different resources to fulfill different application needs. We argue the IoT-enabled personal service must have full capability to establish a comprehensive framework for both static and dynamic data about reality and incorporate application-dependent knowledge into the system design. The proposed design process is subdivided into two parts: data design and application system design. By proposing a two-step data design strategy, the data design can fulfill the interoperability requirements by developing a common primitive schema framework of persons, events, time, places and objects, then extending to the application scheme design to adapt to different application needs. This enables the interoperable sharing and reuse of data across different applications via common databases and operations. The application system design is based on the algorithms specifically developed for the targeted scenarios. We choose four scenarios, namely, indoor guidance, parking lot hazard warning, meeting reminders, and appointment arrangements, to test how the use the IoT technology can smartly react to the continuously changing reality phenomena according to personal service needs. The developed prototype system successfully demonstrates the feasibility of real-time personal service and the flexibility of data design framework. This implies both the applications and the quality of the IoT-enabled personal services can be further improved following the proposed system architecture.

摘要 I
Personal Service Development based on Internet-of-Things Architecture - An Example of Smart Campus Application III
誌謝 IX
表目錄 XIV
圖目錄 XV
第一章、緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究目標 4
1.3 研究流程 6
1.4 論文架構 9
第二章、文獻回顧 10
2.1 物聯網之介紹 10
2.1.1 物聯網之定義 11
2.1.2 物聯網之規劃 12
2.1.3 物聯網之架構 13
2.2資訊規格標準與時空關聯 15
2.2.1 ISO系列標準 16
2.2.2 感測資訊之相關標準 21
2.3 智慧城市及應用之發展 25
2.3.1 智慧城市之概述 26
2.3.2 智慧城市應用發展 28
2.3.3 智慧建築之討論 35
2.3.4空間資訊應用於智慧城市 37
第三章、智慧個人化應用服務之資料設計觀點 40
3.1 智慧個人化應用服務之架構 40
3.2資料時空描述架構及原型綱要之建立 43
3.2.1 空間資訊之描述方式 44
3.2.2 時間資訊之描述方式 45
3.2.3 原型綱要內容之設計 47
3.3應用綱要內容之設計 58
3.3.1使用者目前位置查詢之情境 58
3.3.2停車位災害預警之情境 62
3.3.3預約行程提醒之情境 68
3.3.4訪客預約安排之情境 71
第四章、應用服務之模型 75
4.1 空間觀點之資料架構建立 75
4.2使用者目前位置查詢之模型 78
4.2.1 使用者目前位置查詢情境之需求及應用策略 78
4.2.2 使用者目前位置查詢之運作流程 80
4.3 停車位災害預警之模型 84
4.3.1停車位災害預警情境之需求及應用策略 84
4.3.2停車位災害預警之運作流程 89
4.4 預約行程提醒之模型 96
4.4.1 預約行程提醒情境之需求及應用策略 96
4.4.2 預約行程提醒之運作流程 100
4.5 訪客預約安排之模型 105
4.5.1 訪客預約安排情境之需求及應用策略 105
4.5.2 訪客預約安排之運作流程 108
第五章、系統實作與情境 114
5.1實驗環境概述 114
5.1.1實驗資料之建立 114
5.1.2實驗感測設備 118
5.2實作系統平台 122
5.2.1系統運作環境 123
5.2.2系統平台說明 127
5.3情境測試及成果 133
5.3.1建物使用者位置情境測試 133
5.3.2現況使用者查詢情境測試 136
5.3.3停車位災害預警情境測試 140
5.3.4預約行程提醒情境測試 144
5.3.5訪客預約安排情境測試 149
第六章、結論與建議 156
參考文獻 159
附錄 166

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