臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

雖然永磁馬達整體市佔率不如傳統感應馬達，但在工業、家電和最近備受關注的電動車動力系統都有舉足輕重的地位，因永磁馬達不同於感應馬達，沒有轉子側的銅損不會造成效率耗損，有較高的功率密度可節省安裝空間，且低轉動慣量可提升響應，縮短加減速時間有良好的加速性能，因此在上述應用中有蓬勃發展的趨勢。但永磁馬達在低速時受到頓轉轉矩的影響，有較大的振動噪音與轉矩波動，為了改善此問題不論是表面黏貼式(Surface mounted Permanent Magnet, SPM)馬達，還是結構較穩固的內藏式(Interior Permanent Magnet, IPM)馬達，皆有透過修弧之設計手法改善輸出轉矩的特性，但經修弧後的轉子無法進行二次加工，處理轉子組立精度與矽鋼片沖壓毛邊的問題，本研究利用IPM馬達轉子型態多變之優勢，進行內部障壁設計以全圓轉子型態改善組立精度與毛邊問題。此外透過建立IPM馬達之設計流程，逐步檢視馬達規格與各項材料的選用，並藉由調整不同轉子圓周修弧係數，對原型件轉子的幾何形狀進行優化，改善其反電動勢總諧波失真率，並降低IPM馬達使用釹鐵硼永久磁鐵所產生的頓轉轉矩，經由對反電動勢諧波與頓轉轉矩的改善，達到頓轉轉矩峰對峰值小於2N-m以及反電動勢總諧波失真率與轉矩漣波小於5%，使IPM馬達輸出轉矩的漣波下降，讓輸出轉矩穩定達到降低振動噪音的問題。除了探討永磁馬達的輸出轉矩特性外，本研究調整內部障壁參數並透過有限元素分析輔助設計，使其輸出轉矩性能符合應用場合標準，解決非全圓圓周轉子加工精度造成電氣性能的影響，以利簡化IPM馬達製程與整體性能提升。

Even though the induction motors (IM) has high market share, the high efficiency performance permanent magnet (PM) motor’s market demand is constantly increasing in recent years. In Taiwan PM motors have many important roles in Not only in the field of white goods, but also in various industries and electric vehicle power system. In addition, there is Not loss at the region of the rotor led to the PM motor is more efficiency than the conventional induction motors. In spite of the high power density saves the installed space that makes it utilized widely in many cases. On the other hand, the low inertia of the rotor in the response to the high acceleration performance of PM motor.
The PM motors in some earlier periods are predominantly based on the type of Surface mounted Permanent Magnet (SPM). After that, it comes out the Interior Permanent Magnet motor (IPM), in order to robust the stability of the structure. Aim to optimize the output of torque performance, the design methods of pole-arc coefficients was carried out this study. Due to the various types of IPM rotor, this study could easily satisfy the requirements for multiple applications through the design of Flux-barriers inside the rotor.
In this study, the design process is completed. Through the pole-arc coefficients and Flux-barrier method, the optimal IPM rotor was applied to achieve the goals of this study: cogging torque peak-to-peak value less than 2 N-m, torque ripple and lower total harmonic distortion (THD) of back electromotive force less than 5%.

摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 VIII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機 5
1.3 文獻回顧 7
1.4 論文架構 13
第二章 永磁馬達的數學模型 14
2.1 a-b-c軸數學模型 14
2.2 座標轉換 17
2.3 dq軸數學模型 18
第三章 永磁馬達設計流程 20
3.1 規格 22
3.2 馬達種類與型態選擇 22
3.3 材料選用 23
3.3.1 銅線的選用 24
3.3.2 矽鋼片的選用 26
3.3.3 磁鐵的選用 30
3.4 材料成本分析 35
第四章 永磁馬達轉子設計與分析 36
4.1 轉矩特性 36
4.1.1 反電動勢總諧波失真率 36
4.1.2 頓轉轉矩 37
4.1.3 轉矩漣波 39
4.1.4 最大轉矩控制 39
4.2 原型件-修弧設計 40
4.3 障壁設計 41
4.3.1. 周向障壁 41
4.3.2. 徑向障壁 42
4.4 有限元素分析流程 43
4.4.1. 材料特性設定 43
4.4.2. 電磁分析步驟 44
第五章 有限元素分析結果討論與驗證 46
5.1 原型件模型模擬結果 46
5.2 障壁設計模擬結果 50
5.2.1 周向障壁模擬結果 50
5.2.2 徑向障壁模擬結果 52
5.3 修弧與障壁設計模擬結果比較 55
5.3.1 輸出轉矩與轉矩漣波 57
5.3.2 反電動勢分析 58
5.3.3 頓轉轉矩 60
第六章 結論與未來研究方向 61
6.1 結論 61
6.2 未來研究建議 61
參考文獻 62

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