臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

溶劑萃取法相對於熱脫附法節能及經濟。汞吸附於土壤除了受於陽離子交換容量大小、土壤中有機質的多寡、土壤的pH值高低及土壤氧化還原電位影響，汞的分布型態也是主要影響因子。
本研究所使用土壤取自某受汞污染場址，探討土壤中汞型態分布對於溶劑萃取汞之影響，使用之萃取劑為0.01 M碘化鉀(KI)，且分別在以下5個pH值範圍(pH=0.5~2.77、pH=0.66~3.83、pH=0.76~5.35、pH=1.21~5.80、pH=1.47~6.68)添加2%過氧化氫(氧化還原電位650 mV以上)萃取三次。
結果顯示高濃度汞污染測試土壤(229 mg/kg)在土壤溶液pH=0.5~2.77/0.01 M KI/2%過氧化氫或pH=1.47~6.68/0.01 M KI/2%過氧化氫條件下萃取去除率最高為86%。汞分布主要為離子可交換態為48%，而溶劑萃取對於離子可交換態、碳酸鹽結合態萃取效果最好，在土壤溶液pH=0.5~2.77、pH=0.66~3.83、pH=0.76~5.3三種條件下萃取，去除率皆達90%以上，但若pH再提高，其去除率會隨著pH升高而降低，當土壤pH值小於4及大於7時，亦對汞之有機結合態有良好的萃取效果。

Relative to the thermal desorption, solvent extraction is an energy-conserving and economic technology. The mercury adsorbed on the soil is primarily affected by the cation exchange capacity, organic matter content, pH and oxidation-reduction potential of the soil. The Hg removal could be affected by its species in soils.
In this study, the tested soil was taken from a mercury-contaminated site. The effect of mercury speciation in the soil on the solvent extraction efficiency was investigated. The mercury contaminated soil was extracted by the 0.01 M KI solution three times in five pH ranges (pH=0.5~2.77、pH=0.66~3.83、pH=0.76~5.35、pH=1.21~5.80、pH=1.47~6.68) and the addition of 2% H2O2 (to maintain the redox potential of above 650 mV).
The Hg concentration in the tested soil is high (229 mg/kg). The Hg removal efficiency is 86% by extraction conditions of soil solution at pH=0.5~2.77/0.01 M KI/2% H2O2 or pH=1.47~6.68/0.01 M KI/2% H2O2 conditions extraction,
The mercury speciation in the soil is primarily the ion exchangeable species（48%）. The Hg in ion exchangeable and carbonate-bound species has the best extraction efficiency. The extraction at pH=0.5~2.77,pH=0.66~3.83 and pH=0.76~5.38 are above 90%. However, if the pH is further increased, the removal efficiency will decrease. When the extraction pH is less than 4 and more than 7, the Hg of organic-matter-bound species has a good extraction efficiency.

目錄
摘要 I
Abstract II
謝誌 IV
表目錄 VII
圖目錄 VIII
第1章 前言 1
1.1研究緣起 1
第2章 文獻回顧 3
2.1污染物-汞 3
2.1.1污染來源 4
2.1.2污染物分布與傳輸 5
2.1.3受汞污染土壤整治技術 6
2.2溶劑萃取法 12
2.2.1溶劑萃取法之應用 12
2.2.2取溶劑之選擇 13
2.3汞序列萃取 15
第3章 材料與方法 17
3.1實驗材料 17
3.1.1供試土壤 17
3.1.2萃取溶劑 17
3.2實驗流程與架構 17
3.3實驗方法 18
3.3.1土壤篩分 18
3.3.2 XRF驗證實驗 18
3.3.3土壤緩衝能力試驗 19
3.3.4汞之溶劑萃取 19
3.3.5汞之序列萃取 20
第4章 結果與討論 21
4.1萃取含汞土壤之效果 21
4.2 pH對萃取效果之影響 22
4.2.1 229 mg/kg汞之土壤 22
第5章 結論 30
參考文獻 32
作者簡介 37

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