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研究生:江浩
研究生(外文):Chiang, Hao
論文名稱:奈米碳管接枝4, 4-二異氰酸二苯甲烷/碳纖維/共聚物高分子之機械性質暨疲勞行為
論文名稱(外文):Investigation of Mechanical Properties and Fatigue Behavior of 4, 4’-Methylenediphenyl diisocyanate grafted Carbon Nanotubes / Copolymer / Carbon Fiber Reinforced Laminated Composite
指導教授:蔡宏營
指導教授(外文):Tsai, Hung Yin
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立清華大學
系所名稱:動力機械工程學系
學門:工程學門
學類:機械工程學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2016
畢業學年度:104
語文別:中文
論文頁數:111
中文關鍵詞:改質奈米碳管環氧樹脂氧代氮代苯并還己烷碳纖維機械性質疲勞行為複合材料
外文關鍵詞:Chemical modified carbon nanotubesEpoxyBenzoxazineCarbon fiberMechanical propertiesFatigue behaviorComposite
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  近年來,由於工業與學術的進步,使得複合材料的應用層面與取向日益廣泛,它從工業的基石深入民生用品與交通運輸,故其材料機械性質及疲勞行為之應用門檻也隨之提升。因此本研究擬將氧代氮代苯并環己烷 (Benzoxazine) /環氧樹脂之共聚物做為高分子基材主體,並於高分子基材中添加奈米碳管 (Carbon Nanotubes) 作為奈米補強材,達到橋接纖維與基材介面與提升其機械性質及疲勞行為之目的。
  首先探討奈米碳管於高分子基材中之分散性及界面特性,欲先利用硝酸對奈米碳管進行氧化,提升奈米碳管之表面活性,再利用化學共價鍵改質法將4, 4-二異氰酸二苯甲烷接枝於奈米碳管表面,增加異相材料之間之相容性,進而提升其界面強度,並研究應用於碳纖維高分子複合材料之機械性質暨疲勞行為。
  改質奈米碳管之化學鑑定可藉由拉曼光譜分析、霍式紅外線光譜分析、高解析電子能譜儀分析及熱重損失之結果得到證明。由動態熱機械分析結果顯示,添加改質奈米碳管可以更有效的提升玻璃轉換溫度及材料內部之交聯密度。
  由靜態機械性質測試及動態扭轉疲勞測試之結果顯示,添加改質奈米碳管相較於添加未改質奈米碳管,可以更有效抑制纖維脫層及裂紋增長,並提升各項機械性質之強度及動態疲勞之壽命。

  In recent years, due to rapid growth of industrial and academic development, carbon reinforced polymer composite has been paid much attention and further applied to a wide variety of fields from industrial applications to daily necessities. This study is going to choose benzoxazine/epoxy copolymer as the matrix of composite in which carbon nanotubes is added to bridge the matrix and fiber in order to achieve the goal of improvement in mechanical properties and fatigue behavior.
  To enhance the ability of dispersion and interfacial property of carbon nanotubes in the matrix, carbon nanotubes will be firstly treated by nitric acid, which is to increase the surface reactivity. Carbon nanotubes are then chemically modified by 4, 4’-Methylenediphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) so as to improve the compatibility among different phases of materials. In the end of this study, mechanical properties and fatigue behavior will be clearly discussed.
  Success of chemical modification of carbon nanotubes can be proved by a series of chemical identifications such as Raman spectrum, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and so on. Additionally, the result of Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) also shows that glass transition temperature of modified carbon nanotubes based polymer composite increases by about 12 degrees and that the increasing cross-linking density significantly improves the mechanical properties compared with pure polymer matrix.
  Last but not least, the results of static mechanical properties and dynamic fatigue behavior are investigated and revealed great improvement by adding chemical modified carbon nanotubes, which are able to keep carbon fiber laminates from delaminating so easily and effectively lengthen the fatigue life of carbon fibrous composite.
目錄 I
表目錄 V
圖目錄 VII
符號表 XII
第一章、 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機 3
1.3 研究目的 5
第二章、 文獻回顧 7
2.1 環氧樹脂 (Epoxy) 7
2.2 氧代氮代苯并環己烷 (Benzoxazine) 8
2.3 奈米碳管 9
2.4 改質奈米碳管 10
2.5 高分子複合材料 11
2.6 奈米碳材/高分子複合材料 12
2.7 碳纖維 13
2.8 材料疲勞損傷機制 15
2.8.1 複合材料疲勞破壞性質 15
2.8.2 應力 (Stress) 與疲勞壽命曲線 (S-N curve) 16
第三章、 實驗內容與方法 18
3.1 實驗材料與改質試劑 18
3.1.1 實驗材料 18
3.1.2 改質試劑 20
3.2 實驗設備與儀器 21
3.2.1 製程設備 21
3.2.2 測試儀器 23
3.3 實驗試片製備流程 26
3.3.1 氧化奈米碳管之製備 26
3.3.2 改質奈米碳管之製備 26
3.3.3 Benzoxazine/環氧樹脂高分子複合材料製備 27
3.3.4 改質與未改質奈米碳管/Benzoxazine/環氧樹脂奈米複合材料製備 28
3.3.5 奈米碳管/Benzoxazine/環氧樹脂/碳纖維積層板複合材料試片製備 28
3.4 實驗測試方法 29
3.4.1 奈米材料鑑定方法 29
3.4.2 試驗方法與規範 30
第四章、 實驗結果與討論 34
4.1 材料鑑定分析 34
4.1.1 拉曼光譜分析 34
4.1.2 霍式紅外線光譜分析 34
4.1.3 高解析電子能譜儀分析 35
4.1.4 熱種損失分析 36
4.1.5 動態熱機械分析 37
4.1.6 未改質與改質奈米碳管之掃描式電子顯微鏡形象學分析 38
4.2 高分子複合材料機械性質分析 39
4.2.1 高分子基材機械性質分析與選用 39
4.2.2 未改質與改質多壁奈米碳管對高分子複合材料機械性質分析 40
4.3 碳纖維積層板複合材料機械性質分析 45
4.3.1 未改質與改質多壁奈米碳管對碳纖維積層板複合材料靜態機械性質分析 45
4.3.2 未改質與改質多壁奈米碳管對碳纖維積層板複合材料動態扭轉疲勞分析 49
第五章、 結論 52
第六章、 未來工作 54
參考文獻 55
附表 62
附圖 69
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