臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文主要探討三種不同水質處理劑 (腐植酸、沸石粉及牡蠣殼粉) 於淡水及海水中對砷 (As)、鉛 (Pb) 及鎘 (Cd) 去除之影響。淡水的環境中，分別以 200 mg/L 的腐植酸、沸石粉及牡蠣殼粉去除水中 1 mg/L 的砷，處理時間為 336 小時，結果顯示以牡蠣殼粉去除淡水中砷的效率較佳，其他兩者對淡水中的砷去除效率皆不佳。去除水中 1 mg/L 的鉛，以沸石粉去除淡水中鉛的效率最佳，其次依序為腐植酸及牡蠣殼粉。去除水中 1 mg/L 的鎘中，以牡蠣殼粉去除水中鎘的效率最佳，其次依序為腐植酸及沸石粉。
海水環境中，同樣以 200 mg/L 的腐植酸、沸石粉及牡蠣殼粉分別去除水中 1 mg/L 的砷、鉛及鎘，處理時間為 336 小時，結果顯示均以牡蠣殼粉去除海水中砷、鉛及鎘的效率最佳，其次依序為腐植酸及沸石粉。
本研究結果顯示，以不同濃度的水質處理劑去除水中重金屬，200 及 400 mg/L 的沸石粉對於去除淡水中 1 mg/L 的鉛，在實驗第 1 天時鉛濃度已經低於環保署規定之養殖用水的鉛管制標準 (100 μg/L)，其去除率分別為 96.92 ± 0.65 % 及 98.22 ± 0.10 %；而 50 mg/L 的沸石粉處理組則在實驗第 4 天時鉛濃度才低於管制標準，其去除率為 93.76 ± 0.85 %。隨著水質處理劑的濃度增加，對砷、鉛及鎘之去除率也會隨之增加，經過處理後即可使重金屬濃度低於環保署制定之養殖用水重金屬管制標準。

The present study focuses on the removal of Arsenic (As), Lead (Pb), and Cadmium (Cd) from fresh water and sea water by using three agents: humic acid, zeolite, and oyster shell powder. In the fresh water, three agents (humic acid, zeolite, and oyster shell powder) at concentration 200 mg/L used to remove 1 mg/L Arsenic, Lead, and Cadmium fresh water solution with 336 hours of time interaction. Results showed that oyster shell powder was the best agent to remove 1 mg/L of Arsenic fresh water solution. The others were not effective to remove the Arsenic fresh water solution. Furthermore, zeolite was the best agent to remove 1 mg/L of Lead fresh water solution. The removal efficiency of agents to remove 1 mg/L Lead fresh water solution was: zeolite > humic acid > oyster shell powder. Furthermore, oyster shell powder was the best agent to remove 1 mg/L of Cadmium fresh water solution. The removal efficiency of agents to remove 1 mg/L Cadmium fresh water solution was: oyster shell powder > humic acid > zeolite.
In the sea water, three agents (humic acid, zeolite, and oyster shell powder) at concentration 200 mg/L used to remove 1 mg/L Arsenic, Lead, and Cadmium sea water solution with 336 hours of time interaction. Results showed that oyster shell powder was the best agent to remove 1 mg/L of Arsenic, Lead, and Cadmium sea water solution. The removal efficiency of agents to remove 1 mg/L Arsenic, Lead, and Cadmium sea water solution was: oyster shell powder > humic acid > zeolite.
In the present study, different concentrations of agents used to remove heavy metals in the water. Results showed that zeolite at concentrations 200, and 400 mg/L used to remove 1 mg/L Lead fresh water solution with 1 days of time interaction, the concentrations of Lead were already less than heavy metals control standards. The removal efficiency was 96.92 ± 0.65 %, and 98.22 ± 0.10 %. Zeolite at concentrations 50 mg/L used to remove 1 mg/L Lead fresh water solution with 4 days of time interaction, the concentrations of Lead were less than heavy metals control standards. The removal efficiency was 93.76 ± 0.85 %. Results showed that the removal efficiency increased when the concentration of agent increased.

謝辭 I
摘要 II
Abstract III
目錄 IV
表目錄 VI
圖目錄 VIII
第一章、前言 1
第二章、文獻整理 2
一、重金屬之來源 2
二、重金屬之特性 2
三、化學特性 3
四、重金屬對人體的危害 3
五、重金屬對水生生物之影響 5
六、重金屬的管制標準 6
七、水質處理劑之簡介 6
第三章、材料與方法 8
一、實驗用水質處理劑 8
二、實驗用溶液 8
三、試藥及溶液配製 8
四、標準品之配製 9
五、實驗設計 9
六、樣品處理流程 10
七、儀器分析 10
八、方法確效 11
九、器材與儀器設備 12
十、數據處理 12
第四章、結果 13
一、砷、鉛及鎘之方法確效 13
二、不同水質處理劑對淡水中重金屬去除之情形 14
三、不同水質處理劑對海水中重金屬去除之情形 19
四、不同水質處理劑對淡水中重金屬去除之情形 25
五、不同水質處理劑對海水中重金屬去除之情形 26
六、不同水質處理劑對淡水、海水中重金屬砷去除之情形 27
七、不同水質處理劑對淡水、海水中重金屬鉛去除之情形 28
八、不同水質處理劑對淡水、海水中重金屬鎘去除之情形 30
九、不同濃度的水質處理劑對淡水中重金屬去除之情形 31
十、不同濃度的水質處理劑對海水中重金屬去除之情形 32
第五章、討論 35
一、確效 35
二、腐植酸 (Humic acid) 對水中重金屬去除效果之探討 36
三、沸石粉 (Zeolite) 對水中重金屬去除效果之探討 37
四、牡蠣殼粉 (Oyster shell powder) 對水中重金屬去除效果之探討 38
五、鹽度及 pH 值對水中重金屬去除效果之探討 39
六、不同濃度的水質處理劑對水中重金屬去除效果之探討 41
第六章、結論 42
參考文獻 43

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