臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

永磁直流無刷電動機因其具有高功率密度與扭力密度，而被大量的應用在工業及電子產品之驅動系統中，全球終端用電有46%用於電動機及其相關的設備，但電動機中使用的稀土元素材料原料價格大幅上漲，如何在有限的稀土材料使用量之情況下，設計出降低稀土使用量，且能維持功率密度與輸出功率的電動機，已成為當前重要的研究議題。本論文著重在設計低頓轉扭矩之無感測器軸向磁通六相無刷永磁電動機，以層疊C型矽鋼片定子的雙氣隙定子結構搭配層疊C型矽鋼片定子與永磁轉子表面結構設計方法，研究減少頓轉轉矩的效果；表面結構設計方法減少使用的稀土磁石與矽鋼片材料，降低電動機的生產成本外，也能符合降低頓轉轉矩的設計要求。設計過程中使用ANSYS Maxwell三維模擬軟體進行模擬評估，模擬結果研究驗證層疊C型矽鋼片定子結構透過層疊矽鋼片與雙氣隙結構，可以將大部分的磁力線維持在結構內，以維持扭力輸出並倍增磁通作用區域，並由調整磁通鏈可以降低頓轉轉矩，確認電動機設計要求後製作雛型機；表面結構設計能夠達成降低頓轉轉矩目標，層疊C型矽鋼片定子與永磁轉子使用表面結構設計模擬結果的最佳化組合中，其頓轉轉矩峰值減少量可達34.4 %，永磁轉子體積減少量為4.5 %，因永磁轉子體積減少造成輸出轉矩下降，其下降量為12 %，氣隙磁通密度峰值減少11.3 %。

Permanent magnet brushless DC motors can be widely applied in drive systems of industrial and electronic products due to the advantages of high power density and high torque density. There is 46% of power consumption which resulting from the motor and other related equipment. As long as the price of rare earth material raises rapidly, the motor design with low rare earth usage and maintaining power density and output power under restricted resource become an important research issue. The thesis focuses on cogging torque reduction design of a slim axial-flux sensorless six-phase brushless permanent magnet motor with low rare earth material. Using C-shaped laminated slot structure in the stator with double air-gap structure and surface structure with notched design on both the stator and the rotor and C-shaped laminated slot structure are presented in this study to accomplish the goal of cogging torque reduction. Adopting finite element analysis simulation software, ANSYS Maxwell, The simulation results are provided to verify the magnetic force line between the permanent magnets and the stators which can be modified by using the C-shaped laminated slot structure design shows the magnetic flux linkage arranging inside the stator for reducing cogging torque. Confirming the design is correct and then preparing for a prototype. The optimal cogging torque reduction percentage in simulation results with the C-shaped laminated slot structure and permanent magnet rotor utilizing surface structure design is up to 34.4%. The reduction percentage of permanent magnet rotor volume is 4.5%. Because of the decreasing volume of permanent magnet rotor, the output torque and the air gap flux decrease 12% and 11.3%, respectively.

目錄

摘要 I
Abstract II
誌謝 III
目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 X
詞彙或特殊符號說明 XI
第一章 緒論 13
1.1　研究動機與目的 13
1.2　文獻回顧 14
1.2.1　永磁直流無刷電動機研究 14
1.2.2　頓轉轉矩減少方法 16
1.2.3　六相永磁直流無刷電動機設計 17
1.3　本文架構 17
第二章 低頓轉扭矩之無感測器軸向磁通六相無刷永磁電動機設計 18
2.1　電動機特性分析 18
2.2　電動機參數設定 20
2.2.1　層疊C型矽鋼片定子 22
2.2.2　永磁轉子 26
2.2.3　電動機轉軸與漆包線選用 31
2.2.4　層疊C型矽鋼片定子與永磁轉子表面結構設計 32
2.3　電動機設計圖與雛型機製作 34
第三章 六相永磁直流無刷電動機與頓轉轉矩之數學模型 44
3.1　六相永磁直流無刷電動機數學模型 44
3.2　電動機轉矩數學模型 50
3.3　六相永磁直流無刷電動機之繞線配置 52
3.4　六相永磁直流無刷電動機之繞組設計 54
3.5　六相永磁直流無刷電動機開迴路控制實測結果 56
第四章 實驗結果 62
4.1　電動機雛型機組裝流程 62
4.2　層疊C型矽鋼片定子與永磁轉子表面結構設計實驗方法與模擬 71
4.2.1　層疊C型矽鋼片定子 73
4.2.2　永磁轉子 75
4.2.3　ST-4與PM-3組合模擬結果 77
4.3　模擬結果 80
4.4　最佳化組合之雛型機製作 80
第五章 結論與未來工作 82
5.1　結論 82
5.2　未來工作 82
參考文獻 83

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