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研究生:鄭錫遠
研究生(外文):Shyi-Yeuan Jeng
論文名稱:P2P跨國匯兌與其商業模式之個案研究-以TransferWise為例
論文名稱(外文):An Analysis on Peer-to-Peer Transnational Money Transfer and its Business Model:A Case Study of TransferWise
指導教授:湯明哲湯明哲引用關係
指導教授(外文):Ming-Je Tang
口試委員:翁崇雄龔天行
口試日期:2016-06-30
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立臺灣大學
系所名稱:國際企業學研究所
學門:商業及管理學門
學類:企業管理學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2016
畢業學年度:104
語文別:中文
論文頁數:81
中文關鍵詞:金融科技P2P跨國匯兌支付中介商業模式價值創造TransferWise
外文關鍵詞:FintechP2P transnational money transferPayment IntermediationBusiness modelValue creationTransferWise
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  金融科技是指以科技為背景的新創公司與市場新進者,以創新的方式提供傳統金融業者所掌握的金融服務,並造成傳統產業價值鏈改變的動態過程。以支付領域為例,傳統由金融業者所把持的跨國匯兌業務,近年也出現了新進入者,如英國的P2P跨國匯兌公司-TransferWise透過創新的支付路徑,降低了跨國匯款所需的手續費,目前已累積轉帳超過三十億歐元,佔英國整體市場的2%。而P2P跨國匯兌的運作有哪些特殊之處?TransferWise如何吸引投資人與使用者的青睞?因此,本研究擬透過對TransferWise的個案研究,了解P2P跨國匯兌的運作方式與其商業模式後,並探討其價值創造之來源,最後給予未來發展之建議。
  透過對TransferWise進行個案研究後,本研究發現其在商業模式上透過顧客價值主張、關鍵資源、關鍵流程、利潤公式等四項要素的彼此連結與強化,成功降低跨國匯款所需的手續費及資訊不對稱性。且在價值創造上,滿足了效率性、定著性、與創新性,且未來可朝互補性的部分延伸加強。而TransferWise需持續關注的問題包含顧客獲取成本是否太高,造成行銷成效不彰;顧客再使用率的多寡,影響營收大小;以及隨著營業範疇擴張對毛利率的變化,反映商業模式的可行性等。
  最後,P2P跨國匯兌與P2P借貸相比是個相對嶄新的概念與商業模式。若想在台灣發展P2P跨國匯兌,雖然於市場需求面的部份有一定基礎,但仍需視主管機關之態度而定。即便主管機關目前積極推動台灣金融科技之發展,仍應盡量避免違反《銀行業辦理外匯業務管理辦法》之規定或觸及主管機關之底線。


  Fintech is a dynamic segment at the intersection of financial services and technology sectors where technology-focused start-ups and new market entrants innovate the products and services provided by the traditional financial services industry. Payment, for example, which is dominated by the traditional financial services industry has been inroaded by PayPal, Apple Pay etc. There have been some new entrants in the transnational money transfer business in recent years. For example, British company – TransferWise, with its P2P transnational money transfer, it reduces the required fee, and currently accumulated transfers over three billion euros, accounting for 2% of the whole UK market. What’s the special of P2P transnational money transfer? How TransferWise attract investor and users? Therefore, the thesis will use an in depth case study approach to understand how P2P transnational money transfer works and recognize its business model. This thesis also investigates the source of value creation, and finally to give some recommendations for future development.
  With case studies, we found that TransferWise successfully reduced the required transfer fee and information asymmetry, due to the interaction and strengthen from the four elements of business model. Meet the efficiency, lock-in, innovative, in its value creation, and future may be extended to complementary products. There are some problems that TransferWise needs to concern, however, such as high customer acquisition costs may result an ineffective marketing, customer repurchase might be too low to affect the total revenue, and as the expansion of its business scope, gross margin may be eroded.
  Finally, compared with P2P lending, P2P transnational money transfer is a relatively new concept and business model. Although the demand side of Taiwan market has favorable environment to duplicate its model, however, it still depends on the attitude of the government toward this new business model. Even if the authorities are actively promoting the development of Fintech in Taiwan, it still has a lot of limitations and regulations on the viability of this model in Taiwan.


口試委員會審定書 I
誌 謝 II
中文摘要 III
THESIS ABSTRACT IV
目錄 VI
圖目錄 IX
表目錄 X
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景與動機 1
第二節 研究問題 3
第三節 研究流程與架構 4
第四節 研究限制 6
第二章 文獻探討 7
第一節 支付中介 7
2.1.1 支付中介簡介 7
2.1.2 支付及清算系統概述 9
第二節 商業模式 11
2.2.1 商業模式之定義 11
2.2.2 商業模式與電子商務 12
2.2.3 商業模式設計與價值創造 14
第三節 價值網 18
2.3.1 價值網之概念與發展 18
2.3.2 價值網與價值鏈之差異 20
第三章 P2P跨國匯兌與個案介紹 22
第一節 金融科技 22
3.1.1 金融科技簡介 22
3.1.2 金融科技的發展方向 23
3.1.3 金融科技與支付 26
3.1.4 台灣金融科技之發展現況 30
第二節 全球跨國匯款市場概況 33
第三節 國外匯兌與匯出匯款介紹 39
3.3.1 匯出匯款的定義 39
3.3.2 匯出匯款的種類 40
3.3.3 付款委託之掣發 41
3.3.4 匯出匯款之費用 44
第四節 個案介紹 47
3.4.1 公司簡介 47
3.4.2 發展背景 48
3.4.3 營運模式 49
3.4.4 實際操作流程 52
3.4.5 財務表現 54
3.4.6 未來展望 55
第四章 個案分析 57
第一節 商業模式分析 57
4.1.1顧客價值主張 57
4.1.2 關鍵資源 59
4.1.3 關鍵流程 61
4.1.4 利潤公式 62
4.1.5 商業模式之價值創造 63
第二節 獲利能力分析 66
第三節 台灣發展P2P跨國匯兌之探討 69
4.3.1 市場概況 69
4.3.2 政府政策 72
第五章 結論與建議 74
第一節 研究結論 74
第二節 未來研究建議 77
參考文獻 78





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