跳到主要內容

臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

(18.97.9.169) 您好!臺灣時間:2025/02/18 01:33
字體大小: 字級放大   字級縮小   預設字形  
回查詢結果 :::

詳目顯示

我願授權國圖
: 
twitterline
研究生:陳怡樺
研究生(外文):Yi-Hua Chen
論文名稱:低動力循環水系統對淡水長臂大蝦池水質、成長及活存率之影響
論文名稱(外文):The Effect of Water Quality, Growth and Survival of Macrobrachium Rosenbergii by Lower Power Circulating Water System
指導教授:侯文祥侯文祥引用關係廖文亮
指導教授(外文):Wen-Shang HouWen-Liang Liao
口試委員:陳獻謝正義
口試日期:2016-07-21
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立臺灣大學
系所名稱:漁業科學研究所
學門:農業科學學門
學類:漁業學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2016
畢業學年度:104
語文別:中文
論文頁數:61
中文關鍵詞:生物濾床低動力循環水系統淡水長臂大蝦
外文關鍵詞:bio-filterlower powerwater recycling systemMacrobrachium rosenbergii
相關次數:
  • 被引用被引用:1
  • 點閱點閱:669
  • 評分評分:
  • 下載下載:0
  • 收藏至我的研究室書目清單書目收藏:0
全球的內陸養殖漁業以淡水養殖居多,2014年內陸養殖魚產量約佔總養殖量64%。養殖方式也由粗放養殖轉為集約型。這些養殖池的養殖水及排放水,營養鹽過多,造成生物及環境危害。本研究目的係利用省水節能之池內循環水系統,降低淡水長臂大蝦養殖池中營養鹽累積對生物及環境影響。本研究在約1,400 m3池水及放養1,5000尾,平均3.67g體型的淡水長臂大蝦養殖池,放置250w低動力馬達及0.31m3串聯式槽體的生物濾床,設計負壓式水力系統,處理底水層水質,每日可處理底層水體約23m3。設備的水力停留時間為14.5分鐘,設備每日電費支出為9.4元,相較於其他水質過濾系統更為節能。
經過126日的現場實驗結果得知,水質改善部分,總氨氮去除效率最高達62.5%,硝酸氮的入出水變化率最高達23.7 %,藻相維持穩定,未產生負面影響。生物養殖部分,得知實驗池與對照池的活存率分別為54%及44%,養殖期間蝦體之平均成長速率分別為0.193及0.187(g/pic/day),飼料轉換率分別為2.032及2.467。以上結果顯示,實驗池的生物養殖成績優於對照池。本設備利用低動力即可達到降低底水層之總氨氮量,提高水中硝酸鹽濃度,讓藻類可快速吸收營養,達到穩定水質之作用 ,有利於增進養殖戶的養殖成效。


Most of land-based fish farming are freshwater aquaculture. In 2014, land-based aquaculture fish production has accounted for 64% of the total harvest of aquaculture. The aquaculture patterns have gradually become more intensive. The waste water which contains excess nutrients is disposed into the river. It may causes biological and environmental damage. The purpose of this study is to reduce the negative effect of Macrobrachium rosenbergii aquaculture by water-saving and energy-saving circulating water system. A 0.31 m3 biological filter and the 250 w low-power motor was set in the pond. We treat the bottom layer water of pond with the negative-pressure hydraulic system to purify the water. The area of this pond is about 1,400 m3 which can stock 15,000 shrimp. This system can purify about 23 m3 water per day. The hydraulic residence time of system is 14.5 minutes and the electricity is 9.4 NTD per day. That means the system can save more energy.
After 126 days, the maximum reduction rate of total ammonium nitrogen was 62.5%. The contamination of nitrate of output-water increased 23.7% compared with input-water. The dynamic of algal biomass was stable. Besides, the survival rates of shrimp in experiment and control group were 54% and 44%. The growth rates were 0.193 and 0.187 g/pic/day. And feed conversion ratio is 2.032 and 2.467. The growth index of shrimp in the experiment group is better than control group. This low-power system could reduce total ammonia, and increase nitrite and nitrate in the bottom layer of pond water. Therefore, algae can absorb nutrients efficiently and stabilize water quality. The system can enhance the effectiveness of aquaculture.


謝辭 I
摘要 II
Abstract III
目錄 IV
表目錄 VI
圖目錄 VII

第一章、前言 1

第二章、文獻探討 3
2.1 淡水長臂大蝦養殖 3
2.1.1 淡水長臂大蝦簡介 3
2.1.2 淡水長臂大蝦生長習性 3
2.1.3淡水長臂大蝦育成養殖法 4
2.2 養殖環境中之有機物 5
2.2.1養殖池中氮化合物種類 5
2.2.2養殖池中氮化合物毒性及對藻類影響 7
2.2.3氮化合物處理方法 7
2.2.4生物濾床管理法 8

第三章、研究材料與方法 12
3.1實驗現場與蝦池管理 12
3.2 設備設計及架設 12
3.3水質採樣及實驗方法 13
3.3.1水質採樣方法 13
3.3.2水質實驗方法及藻類採樣實驗法 14
3.4資料整理方法 16
3.4.1水質改善效率 17
3.4.2生物養殖效率 19

第四章、 結果與討論 21
4.1池水水質改善結果 21
4.1.1實驗池與對照池之水質比較 21
4.1.2設備對池水水質改善變化 22
4.1.3水質對生物及環境影響分析 24
4.2生物養殖效率 24
4.3藻類變化 25
4.4設備效能 26

第五章、 結論與建議 27
5.1結論 27
5.2建議 28

第六章、 參考文獻 29


小林達治,洪嘉謨 譯,1988。光合作用細菌對水産業的效能與利用。中國水產 428,29-30。
王克行,1998。蝦蟹類增養殖學。水產出版社。
王榮鴻,2001。氣泡柱之水力操作參數對循環養殖用淡海水中顆粒與無機氮去除效率之影響研究。國立台灣大學生物環境系統工程研究所論文。
朱鈺婷,2014。不同益生菌對白蝦密閉式養殖系統中水質與成長之影響。國立臺灣海洋大學水產養殖研究所碩士論文。.
佐野和生, 1987。 水產養殖水第集-水有效利用技術沿岸環境改善 ,社,253。
李中光、劉新校、傅崇德、何鴻哲、侯佳蕙,2013。超集約式養殖及其用水之處理。環保簡訊 21。
李姿靜,2009。里港泰國蝦養殖產業的發展。國立臺南大學台灣文化研究所碩士學位論文。
周寬典 譯,1990。養殖環境底質改善物質。養魚世界,42-46。
林懿蘋,2015。翡翠水庫水生生物相與水質之相關性研究。國立國立臺灣大學漁業科學研究所碩士論文。
邵廣昭,1996。台灣常見魚介類圖說(上)-海藻與無脊椎動物。台灣省漁業局,57。
柯清水,2001。硝化細菌與水產養殖問答集。養魚世界雜誌社,167-170。
胡興華與曾國鋒,2002。硝化生物濾床原理,循環水養殖技術推廣訓練講習教材。行政院農業委員會,78-96。
胡興華與劉富光,2002。淡水魚塭循環水養殖,循環水養殖技術推廣訓練講習教材。行政院農業委員會,14-23。
徐榮彬與劉正義,1994。養殖淡水長腳大蝦感染酵母菌之研究。行政院農委會漁業特刊第四十七號,魚病研究專集 (十五),55-68。
郭恩展,2006。氨對白蝦之毒性影響研究。國立國立臺灣大學漁業科學研究所碩士論文。
陳以容、侯文祥、周楚洋,2012。以生物濾床串聯低動力水力系統處理景觀水體之研究。水利產業研討會暨國科會成果發表會。
陳弘成、辛阿燕、高事宜,1991。宜蘭蝦池之生態與池蝦生長之研究。農委會漁業特刊 28,5-25。
陳秀男,1994。蝦病之管理對策。行政院農業委員會,48-52。
陳秀男與鄭文騰,2001。養殖漁業經營管理手冊,技術篇。行政院農業委員會漁業署。
陳建初,1981。水質分析。九大圖書公司,85-107。
陳建初與涂智欽,1990。亞硝酸對斑節蝦蝦苗的急性毒性。臺灣水產學會誌 17,277-287。
陳琦玲、郭鴻裕、徐慶霖、範揚廣、林正斌。2008。豬糞堆肥與未經處理豬糞尿施於農地再利用之比較。農業試驗所技術服務季刊 19,20-24。
陳隆吉,2002。淡水長臂大蝦養成效果之比較:個案研究。國立屏東科技大學水產養殖研究所論文。
曾柏強,2008。泰國蝦白尾病之病理學、病因學和分子生物學之研究。國立屏東科技大學獸醫學系研究所碩士論文。
黃尚健,2008。高密度養殖蝦池間捕增產之研究。國立國立臺灣大學漁業科學研究所碩士論文。
葉昭君,2006。人參皂甘對白蝦成長及免疫反應之影響。國立臺灣海洋大學水產養殖研究所碩士論文。.
董澤煌,1997。淡水長臂大蝦 (Macrobrachium rosenbergii de man) 後期幼苗病毒性疾病之初步研究。國立國立臺灣大學漁業科學研究所碩士論文。
廖一久,1980。淡水長腳大蝦專輯。台灣省水產試驗所東港分所,52。
廖一久,1983。淡水長腳大蝦專輯。臺灣省水產試驗所東港分所。
廖一久、趙乃賢與謝隆聲,1973。淡水長臂大蝦 (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) 在臺灣繁殖試驗初報。台灣省水產學會刊,2,48-58。
漁業統計年報,2014。行政院農業委員會漁業署。
蔡子健,2013。點帶石斑魚和龍膽石斑魚之氮排放速率研究。國立國立臺灣大學漁業科學研究所碩士論文。
謝立帆,2010。電解水系統於淡水長臂大蝦育苗之應用。國立屏東科技大學水產養殖研究所論文。
顏在宏,2003。循環水養殖系統之濾材物性與配置對水處理效率影響研究。國立台灣大學生物環境系統工程研究所論文。
藤永原,劉蘋華譯,1981。蝦類飼養與繁殖。五洲出版社,136-208。
鐘上輝,2010。生物製劑對白蝦養殖的研究。國立高雄海洋科技大學海洋生物技術研究所碩士論文。

Allema J.E., (1987) Light induced Nitrosomonas inhibition. Water Res. 21, 499-465.
Arcier J.M., Herman F., Lightner D.V., Redman R.M., Mari J. and Bonami J.R., (1999) A viral disease associated with mortalities in hatchery-reared postlarvae of the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Dis. Aquat. Org. 38, 177-181.
Avnimelech Y., McHenery J.R. and Ross D.J., (1984) Decomposition of organic matter in lake sediments. Environ. Sci. and Technol. 18, 5–11.
Badiola M., Mendiola D. and Bostock J., (2012) Recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) analysis: main issues on management and future challenges. Aquacult. Eng 51, 26–35.
Boyd C. E., (2000) Manejo da qualidade de agua na aqüicultura e no cultivo do camarão marinho, associação brasileira de criadores de camarão, Recife.
Boyd. C.E., (2001) Formulando normas para o manejode efluentes. Revista da ABCC 3, 59-66.
Burford M.A. and Glibert P.M., (1999) Short‐term nitrogen uptake and regeneration in early and late growth phase shrimp ponds. Aquac. Res. 30, 215-227.
Chang C.Y., Chang J.S., Chen C.M., Chiemchaisri C. and Vigneswaran S., (2010) An innovative attached growth biological system for purification of pond water. Bioresource Technol. 101, 1506-1510.
Chen H.C., (1984) Water quality criteria for farming the grass shrimp, Penaeus monodon. Proceedings of the first international conference on the culture of penaeid prawns/shrimps, 165.
Chen J.C. and Lin C.Y., (1992) Oxygen consumption and ammonia-N excretion of Penaeus chinensis juveniles exposed to ambient ammonia at different salinity levels. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 102, 287-291.
Chen J.C., Chen C.T. and Cheng S.Y., (1994) Nitrogen excretion and changes of hemocyanin, protein and free amino acid levels in the hemolymph of Penaeus monodon exposed to different concentrations of ambient ammonia-N at different salinity levels. Mar. Ecol., Prog. Ser. 110, 85–94.
Cheng W. and Chen J. C., (1998a) Isolation and characterization of Enterococcus-like bacterium causing muscle necrosis and mortality with Macrobrachium rosenbergii in Taiwan. Dis. Aquat. Organ. 34, 93-101.
Cheng W. and Chen J.C., (1998b) Enterococcus-like infections Macrobrachium rosenbergii are exacerbated by high pH and temperature but reduced by low salinity. Dis. Aquat. Organ. 34, 103-108.
Cheng W. and Chen J.C., (2002) The virulence of Enterococcus to freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii and its immune resistance under ammonia stress. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 12, 97-109.
Chien Y.H., (1992) Water quality requirements and management for marine shrimp culture. World Aquacult. Soc. 22, 144-156.
Chien Y.H. and Lai H.T., (1988) The effect of aged sediments and stocking density on freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii culture. World Aquacult. 19, 22A-23A.
Choi E., Rhu D., Yun Z. and Lee E., (1998) Temperature effects on biological nutrient removal system with weak municipal wastewater. Wat. Sci. Tech. 37, 219-226.
Choudhary M., Bailey L.D. and Grant C.A., (1996) Review of the use of swine manure in crop production: effects on yield and composition and on soil and water quality. Waste Manage. Res. 14, 581-595.
de Man J.G., (1879) On some species of the genus Palaemon Fabr. with descriptions of two new forms. Notes from the Leyden Museum 1, 165-184.
Eddy F.B. and Williams E.M., (1987) Nitrite and fresh water fish. Chem. Ecol. 3, 1-38.
Gutierrez-Wing M.T. and Malone R.F., (2006) Biological filters in aquaculture: Trends and research directions for freshwater and marine applications. Aquacult. Eng. 34, 163–171.
Hartenstein R., (1970) Nitrogen metabolism in non-insect arthropods. Comparative Biochemistry Of Nitrogen Metabolism 1, 299-372.
Kinne O., (1976) Cultivation of marine organisms: water quality management of technology. Mar. Ecol., 79-300.
Liao P.B. and Mayo R.D., (1974) Intensified fish culture combining water
reconditioning with pollution abatement. Aquac. Res. 3, 61-85.
Liu F., Zhao C.C., Zhao D. F. and Liu G. H., (2008) Tertiary treatment of textile wastewater with combined media biological aerated filter (CMBAF) at different hydraulic loadings and dissolved oxygen concentrations. J. Hazard. Mater. 160, 161-167.
Losordo T.M., Masser M.P. and Rakocy J., (1992) Recirculating aquaculture tank production systems. An overview of critical conservations. Southern Regional Aquaculture Centre Publication 45, 6.
Maia E., Gàlvez A. O. and da Silva L.O.B., (2011) Brazilian shrimp farms for Litopenaeus vannamei with partial and total recirculation systems. Int. J. Aqu. Sci 2, 16-27.
Masser M.P., Rakocy J. and Losordo T.M., (1992) Recirculating aquaculture tank production systems. An overview of critical conservations. Southern Regional Aquaculture Center Publication 45, 12.
Mota V.C., Limbu P., Martins C.I., Eding E.H. and Verreth J.A., (2015) The effect of nearly closed RAS on the feed intake and growth of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and European eel (Anguilla anguilla). Aquacult. Eng. 68, 1-5.
New M.B., (1995) Status of freshwater prawn farming: a review. Aquacult. Res. 26, 154.
Pano A., and Middlebrooks E. J., (1983). Kinetics of carbon and ammonia nitrogen removal in RBCs. Water Pollution Control Federation 55, 956-965.
Parry G., (1960) Excretion. In: The Physiology of 63 Crustacea. Academic Press, New York, 341-366.
Peladan J.G., Lemmel H. and Pujol R., (1996) High nitrification rate with upflow biofiltration. Water Sci. Technol. 34, 347-353.
Person-Le Ruyet J., Chartois H. and Quemener L., (1995) Comparative acute ammoniatoxicity in marine fish and plasma ammonia response. Aquaculture 136, 181–194.
Primavera J.H., (1993) A critical review of shrimp pond culture in the Philippines. Reviews in Fish. Sci. 1, 151-201.
Regnault M., (1987) Nitrogen excretion in marine and fresh-water crustacea. Biol. Rev. 62, 1-24.
Rosa M.F., Furtado A.A., Albuquerque R.T., Leite S. G. and Medronho R.A., (1998) Biofilm development and ammonia removal in the nitrification of a saline wastewater. Biotechnol. Tech. 65, 135-138.
Sahu B.C., Adhikari S. and Dey L., (2013) Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus budget in shrimp (Penaeus monodon) culture ponds in eastern India. Aquac. Int. 21, 453-466.
Srithong C., Musing Y., Areechon N. and Taparhudee W., (2015) Water quality and growth performance of hybrid catfish (Clarias microcephalus X C.gariepinus) comparisons in two type of water recirculating system and a water exchange system. Kasetsart University Fisheries Research Bulletin 39, 57-69.
Strauss D.L., Robinette H.R. and Heinen J.M., (1991) Toxicity of un-ionized ammonia and high pH to post-larval and juvenile freshwater shrimp Macrobrachium rosenbergii. J. World Aquacult. Soc., 128-133.
Thompson F.L., Abreu P.C. and Wasielesky W., (2002) Importance of biofilm for water quality and nourishment in intensive shrimp culture. Aquaculture 203, 263–278.
van Rijn J., (2013) Waste treatment in recirculating aquaculture systems. Aquac. Eng., 53, 49-56.
Villaverde S., Agarcia- Emcina P. and Polanco Faz., (1997) Influence of pH over nitrifying biofilm activity in submerged biofilters. Wat. Res. 31, 1180-1186.
Wickins J.F., (1976) The tolerance of warm-water prawns to recirculated water. Aquaculture, 19-37.
Zhu S. and Chen S., (2002) The impact of temperature on nitrification rate in fixed film biofilters. Aquac. Eng. 26, 221-237.



QRCODE
 
 
 
 
 
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               
第一頁 上一頁 下一頁 最後一頁 top