臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

有機-無機鹵素鈣鈦礦材料由於具有高吸收係數(1.54×104 cm-1)及可調整的能隙值，且可利用簡單的旋轉塗佈製程來進行太陽能元件製作，因此受到許多研究人員的青睞，目前最高效率已達22.1 %。一般有機-無機鹵素鈣鈦礦太陽能電池使用二氧化鈦奈米粒子做為支架。根據先前研究，電子於二氧化鈦奈米粒子內傳輸時的擴散係數較低，因此於本研究選用電子傳遞性質較佳的氧化鋅奈米線取代做為支架，來進行有機-無機鹵素鈣鈦礦太陽能電池之製備與性質分析。於本研究中，使用兩步驟連續法被覆鈣鈦礦吸光材料於氧化鋅奈米線材支架上。然而，有機-無機鹵素鈣鈦礦材料被覆於氧化鋅材料表面時，容易產生分解而導致不穩定。因此，在本研究中亦將於成長氧化鋅奈米線製程中添加聚乙基亞胺進行表面修飾，並探討其穩定鈣鈦礦材料之可行性評估，並同時調整製作太陽能電池的最適化條件。藉由掃描式電子顯微鏡影像、紫外光-可見光光譜儀與X-光繞射圖譜分析其表面形貌、光學性質與結構，並使用電流-電壓曲線探討太陽能電池的轉換效率。於本研究中利用氧化鋅奈米線為支架所製備的有機-無機鹵素鈣鈦礦太陽能電池的轉換效率最佳性質為：短路電流為22.46 mA/cm2，開環電壓為0.95 V，填充因子為0.62，轉換效率為13.45 %。

Organic-inorganic halide perovskite (OIH-P) has been attracted by many researchers in the world due to its high absorption coefficient (~1.54x104 cm-1), tunable energy bandgap and simple preparation process for solar devices. Until now, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) has achieved 22.1%. In general, titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were used as scaffold in OIH-P solar cell for electron transport medium. Because electron diffusion coefficient inside TiO2 nanoparticles is low, we used zinc oxide nanowires as scaffold in this study due to its good electron transport properties. For preparing OIH-P light-harvesting layer, a two-step sequential process was employed in this work. From previous studies, there are several papers reported that OIH-P layer would easily destroy when it was coated on the surface of zinc oxide. Therefore, we added polyethylenimine (PEI) in the growth solution to prepare zinc oxide nanowires and to evaluate the stability of OIH-P layer. In addition, we also search the optimal conditions for preparation of OIH-P solar cells. The surface morphologies, optical properties and structures were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-visible spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction pattern, respectively. The best performances of OIH-P solar cell in this work by using zinc oxide nanowires as scaffold are short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 22.46 mA/cm2, open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.95 V, fill factor (FF) of 0.62 and PCE of 13.45%.

中文摘要
Abstract
致謝
目錄
表目錄
圖目錄
第一章、緒論
1-1、前言
1-2、研究動機與目的
第二章、理論基礎與文獻
2-1、氧化鋅的基本性質
2-2、一維氧化鋅奈米線的成長方法
2-2-1氣-液-固(vapor-liquid-solid)法
2-2-2 有機金屬化學氣相沉積(chemical vapor deposition)法
2-2-3模板輔助成長法(template-based method)
2-2-5 水熱法 (hydrothermal method)
2-3太陽能電池原理
2-3-1半導體材料
2-3-2 p-n接面(p-n junction)
2-4鈣鈦礦材料介紹
2-4-1、鈣鈦礦材料之發展與結構
2-4-2有機-無機鹵素混合鈣鈦礦材料的光伏特性
2-5鈣鈦礦太陽能電池
2-5-1元件結構及工作原理
2-5-2介觀型態結構層
2-5-3 平面式結構
2-6鈣鈦礦太陽能電池之製作發展
2-6-1 結構層厚度影響
2-6-2溶液法進行鈣鈦礦薄膜沉積
2-6-3 真空氣相沉積法
2-6-4電洞傳輸材料
2-6-5氧化鋅奈米結構鈣鈦礦太陽能電池
2-6-6 二氧化鈦奈米結構鈣鈦礦太陽能電池
第三章、實驗方法與步驟
3-1、實驗流程簡圖
3-2、實驗藥品與設備儀器
3-2-1、實驗藥品
3-2-2、實驗設備
3-2-3 分析儀器
3-3 實驗步驟
3-3-1 基板清洗及定義工作面積
3-3-2 晶種層(seed layer)的製備
3-3-3 水熱法成長氧化鋅奈米線
3-3-4 鈣鈦礦吸光層及電洞傳輸層沉積
3-3-5 蒸鍍金(Au)層作為金屬電極
3-3-6元件效率量測
第四章、結果與討論
4-1一維氧化鋅奈米線成長
4-1-1 氧化鋅奈米線長度控制與表面型態探討
4-2以氧化鋅奈米柱為支架製備鈣鈦礦薄膜太陽能電池之研究
4-2-1 氧化鋅奈米線長度對鈣鈦礦塗佈製程參數之探討
4-2-2改變碘化鉛濃度對鈣鈦礦薄膜沉積於氧化鋅奈米線性質探討
4-2-3 改變甲基胺碘濃度對鈣鈦礦吸光層探討
4-2-4時間解析螢光光譜分析
4-2-5掃描條件對太陽能電池效能之影響與分光效率光譜分析
4-3氧化鋅奈米線表面修飾對鈣鈦礦太陽能電池效能之影響
4-3-1以聚乙基亞胺修飾氧化鋅奈米柱對鈣鈦礦太陽能電池製程與效能之影響
4-3-2 磁滯效能與分光效率光譜分析
4-3-3以交流電流阻抗頻譜分析鈣鈦礦太陽能電池
第五章、結論
第六章、參考文獻
附錄

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