臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究利用溶膠-凝膠法製備海藻酸鈉微膠囊包覆A醇，探討其乳化和交聯時之轉速、催化劑(醋酸)之添加量及配方中HLB值之改變對形成微膠囊的影響。海藻酸鈉微膠囊的最佳製備條件：Arlacel 2121和Span 80作為乳化劑，乳化反應轉速為7000 rpm配合震盪，交聯反應轉速為1000 rpm，添加6.0 g 10 %的醋酸。再以此條件，並添加1.0 %玻尿酸來製備玻尿酸複合海藻酸鈉微膠囊。
海藻酸鈉微膠囊包覆A醇之粒徑：72.85 ± 14.01 μm，包覆率：26.63 ± 2.67 %，載率：0.44 ± 0.11 %；而玻尿酸複合海藻酸鈉微膠囊包覆A醇粒徑：113.29 ± 32.28 μm，包覆率：55.96 ± 0.87 %，載率：0.80 ± 0.04 %，得知添加玻尿酸可明顯提升包覆率及載率。在FT-IR的結果中，得知海藻酸鈉是通過化學結構的改變，形成微膠囊。TGA實驗中，發現在微膠囊中添加玻尿酸，不會影響其熱穩定性。在經皮傳輸中，添加玻尿酸可提高微膠囊的釋放量4.76倍。
此外，分別以水及醇萃取十種不同之中草藥作為微膠囊殼材之保護劑。其中血藤之醇萃取物在DPPH自由基清除率之IC50值：117.43 ppm，1000 ppm的萃取物中總酚類化合物含量為596.50 mg of GAE/g，100 ppm的萃取物相等於95.11 ± 2.84 ppm之BHA還原力，從以上三個實驗之結果，皆說明血藤醇萃取物具有高度之抗氧化能力，因此選擇血藤之醇萃取物作為殼材之保護劑。
安定性測定中，發現使用海藻酸鈉微膠囊包覆A醇可以提高對紫外光之穩定性，顯著降低其衰退程度。並且添加富含多酚之天然物可增加微膠囊的抗氧化活性，提高對環境的保護程度。
綜合以上之實驗結果，我們成功製備玻尿酸複合海藻酸鈉微膠囊，具有藥物緩釋及保護的效果。在未來，期待能作為新型之抗氧化原料並應用在化妝品工業上。

Sodium alginate (SA) microcapsules were encapsulated retinol by emulsion, cross linking and drying, that Sodium alginate combined hyaluronic acid microcapsules (SAH) were prepared by the same process. In this study, the optimum conditions of SA-A microcapsules were: emulsifiers = Arlacel 2121 and Span 80, stirring speed = 7000 rpm, cross linking speed = 1000 rpm and 10 % acetic acid = 6.0 g.
The characters of microcapsules were analyzed through Optical Microscopy, Field-emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetry Analysis (TGA) and in vitro release (Transdermal Franz Diffusion Cell). SA-A microcapsules was 72.85 ± 14.01 μm, encapsulation efficiency (EE): 26.63 ± 2.67 %, loading capacity (LC): 0.44 ± 0.11 %, but SAH-A microcapsules obtained better result that was 113.29 ± 32.28 μm, EE: 55.96 ± 0.87 %, LC: 0.80 ± 0.04 %. The release amount of retinol from SA-A and SAH-A respectively which were 27.68 μg and 131.73 μg in 6 hour later. The stability study result indicated that SA-A and SAH had better stability than retinol.
10 different herbs extract as an addition agent through determination of antioxidant activity. Alcohol extract of Mucuna macrocarpa Wall. was showed that, IC50 of Scavenging DPPH free radical : 117.43 ppm; 1000 ppm extract had 596.50 mg of GAE/g; reducing power of 1000 ppm extract was equivalent to 95.11 ± 2.84 ppm BHA. In stability, microcapsules with Millettia dielsiana was provided a protective capability for retinol.
The results of SAH-A microcapsule had great protective capability, while improved release of retinol. Further, this process may possess potential application in cosmetic industry.

謝誌 I
摘要 II
Abstract IV
目錄 V
圖目錄 IX
表目錄 XI
壹、 緒論 1
1. 微膠囊之介紹 1
1-1微膠囊 1
1-2微膠囊之優點 2
2. 殼材之選擇 3
2-1天然高分子 3
2-2半合成高分子 3
2-3合成高分子 3
2-4海藻酸鈉 3
2-5玻尿酸 4
3. 微膠囊之製備方法 6
3-1溶膠-凝膠法(Sol-gel) 7
3-2界面縮合聚合法 8
4. 維生素A 10
5. 中草藥 11
6. 經皮傳輸吸收系統 12
7. 研究目的 14
貳、 實驗藥品及儀器 15
1. 藥品： 15
2. 儀器： 17
3. 微膠囊之製備方法 (Preparation of SA-A microcapsules) 18
3-1海藻酸鈉微膠囊 (Preparation of SA-A microcapsules) 18
3-2玻尿酸-海藻酸鈉微膠囊的製備 (Preparation of SAH-A microcapsules) 21
4. 微膠囊之形態及粒徑 (Morphology and size of microcapsules) 22
5. 微膠囊之包覆率與載率(Encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity) 23
6. 傅里葉轉換紅外光譜 (Fourier transform-infrared，FT-IR) 25
7. 熱重穩定分析 (Thermogravimetric Analyzer，TGA) 26
8. 安定性 (Stability study) 27
9. 體外經皮傳輸 (In vitro release profile) 27
10. 抗氧化能力之測定 29
10-1萃取方法 (Extraction of herbs) 30
10-2 DPPH自由基清除能力測定 (Determination of scavenging DPPH free radical activity) 31
10-3 總酚含量測定 (Determination of total phenolic compounds) 32
10-4 還原力測定 (Determination of reducing power) 32
參、 結果與討論 34
1. 微膠囊之粒徑 34
1-1改變乳化轉速 34
1-2改變交聯轉速 35
1-3改變醋酸添加量 36
1-4改變配方之HLB值 37
1-5乳化時使用均質之影響 39
2. SAH微膠囊之粒徑 40
3. 包覆率與載率 42
4. FT-IR 44
5. TGA分析 44
6. 安定性 46
7. 體外釋放 47
8. DPPH自由基清除能力測定 48
9. 總酚含量測定 48
10. 還原力測定 48
11. 添加血藤萃取後之安定性 52
肆、 結論 53
伍、 參考文獻 55

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