臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究開發具諧波量測功能與負載事件辨識之智慧型電表，其平台核心使用單晶片MSP430F47187搭配單晶片STM32L476VG所構成。透過比壓器 (Potential Transformer, PT) 與比流器 (Current Transformer, CT)將電壓與電流轉換成單晶片可接收的電壓訊號之後，送至前端晶片MSP430F47187的16位元 Sigma-Delta 類比數位轉換器擷取訊號，經運算之後可得電壓有效值、電流有效值、視在功率、有效功率與無效功率等。搭配後端單晶片STM32L476VG透過快速傅立葉轉換進行諧波分析並利用小波轉換執行負載事件偵測的功能。

The purpose of this thesis is to develop a smart meter with harmonic measurement capability as well as load event detection. A micro processor is used for smart meter functions. Potential Transformers (PTs) and Current Transformers (CTs) are used to transform both voltage and current into acceptable voltage signals. These signals are captured by the front-end of the 16bits Sigma-Delta ADC of the micro processor. All the information, such as RMS voltage, RMS current, apparent power and so on, are calculated by the micro processor. A second micro processor is used to perform the Fast Fourier Transform to identify the harmonic components. The wavelet transform is also used to perform load event detection.

中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
致 謝 iii
目 錄 iv
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii
第1章 緒論 1
1.1 背景與動機 1
1.2 文獻探討 3
1.3 文章架構 4
第2章 數位電表原理 5
2.1 電表介紹 5
2.2 穩態電力參數計算 6
2.2.1 三相弦波系統 6
2.2.2 瞬時功率 7
2.2.3 有效功率 8
2.2.4 無效功率 9
2.2.5 視在功率 10
2.3 電力諧波 11
2.3.1 諧波來源與管制標準 12
2.3.2 諧波計算方法 15
第3章 負載事件辨識 20
3.1 小波轉換 20
3.1.1 連續小波轉換(Continuous Wavelet Transform, CWT) 20
3.1.2 離散小波轉換(Discrete Wavelet Transform, DWT) 21
3.1.3 尺度函數 22
3.1.4 多貝西小波 24
3.2 小波轉換雜訊處理 25
3.2.1 空間相關性法處理步驟 26
3.2.2 方法模擬與驗證 28
第4章 系統架構與實測結果 33
4.1 硬體架構 35
4.1.1 前端類比處理電路 35
4.1.2 硬體相位補償 36
4.1.3 數位濾波器 38
4.1.4 SPI傳輸 39
4.1.5 DMA 40
4.2 軟體架構 41
4.2.1 MSP430F47187程式說明 41
4.2.2 STM32L476VG程式說明 43
4.3 系統驗證 44
4.3.1 智慧型電表驗證 45
4.3.2 諧波計算 46
4.3.3 負載事件辨識 50
4.3.3.1 小波轉換檢測電流變化 51
4.3.3.2 λ值設定 54
4.3.3.3 時域判斷負載啟閉 55
4.3.3.4 負載辨識實際測試 56
第5章 結論與未來展望 88
5.1 結論 88
5.2 未來展望 89
參考文獻 90

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