臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

Hybrid油電複合動力車之發展是為了降低廢氣的排放，為達到永續發展與節能減碳，各國車輛工業發展慢慢朝向高效率、節能、乾淨等較為無汙染之動力源，目前市面上油電混合動力車居多，但油電混合動力車仍有廢氣排放、效率轉換、續航力等問題，電池電動車發展可有效解決傳統內燃機排放法規問題，但目前電動車所遇瓶頸為電池之能量密度、循環壽命、價格、加電站、充電時間、電池管理等問題。
為了解決上述電池電動車之問題，本研究以燃料電池、超級電容、蓄電池三種動力源結合最佳化動力分配控制成為多電能電動系統，以超級電容作為輔助之電源，在需要提供大電流放電時，可輔助電池避免電池做大電流放電，減少鋰電池損害提高電池壽命，燃料電池取代傳統汽車之發電機位置，主要作為汽車發電用，除了提供電動車所需電力外也可對其他蓄電裝置充電，增加電動車之續航力，且有效解決電池電動車加電站與充電時間等問題，建立多電源平台後透過電腦螢幕顯示，除了顯示車速、轉速，也會顯示各電源SOC以及電源的轉換效率以及輸出功率等等，完整顯示多電源電動車輛整車動力分配情況、效率，透過行車型態驗證多電源在不同負載狀況其電池效率相較於傳統電動車效率可以相對的提高，解決目前電動車發展所遇瓶頸。

The innovation and development of the hybrid electric vehicle is about to reduce the emissions of the exhaust gas. In order to achieve the purpose of sustainable development and carbon reduction, lots of states vehicle are slowly toward to industrial development of high efficiency, energy saving, clean and pollution-free power source. Hybrid vehicles are mostly currently on the market, but it still have the problems like exhaust gas, efficiency conversions and the endurance of batteries need to be solved. The developments of battery electric vehicles can effectively solve the emission regulations problem of the conventional internal combustion engine, but as far the bottlenecks of the electric cars are the battery energy density, cycle life, price, charging station and the charging time, battery management and other issues.
To solve the problems of the battery electric vehicle which just mention, in this study, we use the fuel cells, super capacitors, batteries that three power sources for the best combination of power distribution control system and make it became the Multi-Power Sources system. Use the super capacitor as an auxiliary power source, when the system need to provide high-current discharge, the auxiliary battery can avoid the maximum current discharge from the battery, reduce damage and improve lithium battery’s life. The fuel cell replace the traditional generator position of the car, mainly use as automotive power generation,. Beside to provide the requirement of electric power in the electric vehicle, it also can be charged to other storage device, and effectively solve the battery electric vehicle charging station and the charging time and other issues, once it have built the Multi-Power Sources platform will show on the computer screen. Except display the vehicle speed, rotating speed, also display for each power conversion efficiency and power SOC and output power, etc. It will show in full vehicle dynamic allocation, efficiency of the Multi-power electric vehicles. Through traffic patterns can verified that in different load conditions of multi-power sources, its cell efficiency compared to traditional electric cars can be improved relative and solve the bottlenecks encountered in the development of electric vehicles.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌 謝 iv
目錄 v
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 x
第一章 緒論 1
1.1研究背景與動機 1
1.2複合動力車介紹 4
1.3文獻回顧 5
第二章 多電源電動車輛系統架構 10
2.1多電源電動車輛系統實驗平台規劃 10
2.1.1動力馬達參數設計 12
2.1.2 傳動系統參數設計 13
2.1.3 儲能系統參數設計 13
2.1.4 燃料電池參數設計 14
2.2多電源電動車輛系統實驗平台各元件介紹 18
2.2.1鋰電池 21
2.2.2 超級電容 22
2.2.3燃料電池 23
2.2.4富田4kW三相感應馬達 24
2.2.5 CompactRIO 9022 即時控制器 25
2.2.6磁粉式煞車 26
第三章 研究方法 28
3.1 整車訊號佈局 28
3.1.1動力分配系統 29
3.1.2多電源電動車輛動力系統 32
3.2車輛環境參數設定 34
3.3人機介面撰寫 35
3.3.1訊號擷取紀錄程式 36
3.3.2馬達行車型態追隨控制程式 40
3.3.3磁粉式煞車控制程式 42
3.4人機介面自動監控系統 43
第四章 結果討論 46
4.1平台性能測試 47
4.1.1最高車速測試 47
4.1.2加速能力測試 47
4.1.3 爬坡測試 48
4.1.4行車型態測試 48
4.1.5安定時間測試 49
4.2定速巡航測試 50
4.3動態負載測試 51
第五章 結論與未來展望 53
5.1結論 53
5.2未來展望 54
參考文獻 55

[1]Hybrid electric vehicles and their challenges: A review，2014。
[2]潘文炎，我國電動車產業發展，財團法人中技社。2014。
[3] Bruno G. Pollet ,Current status of hybrid, battery and fuel cell electric vehicles: From electrochemistry to market ptospects,2012。
[4] TOYOTA Motor Corpration,Care for the Earth-TOYOTA Automotive Eco-Technology,1997。
[5] 鄭耀宗，美國的氫能政策與發展規劃，太陽能及新能源學刊，1994。
[6] The big story, Hydrogen cars could be headed showroom near you, http://bigstory.ap.org/article/hydrogen-cars-could-be-headed-showroom-near-you
[7] Y. Gao, M. Ehsani,”Systematic design of fuel cell powered hybrid vehicle drive train”, Society of Automotive Engineers,pp. 1-10,2001。
[8]黃隆洲，台灣電動車產業發展現況與兩岸合作契機，財團法人車輛研究測試中心，2010。
[9]黃樑傑，2013年全球電動車銷售概況。財團法人車輛研究測試中心，2013。
[10]夏青松，電動汽車動力系統設計及仿真研究，碩士論文，武漢理工大學，2007。
[11]劉靈芝，CH7110 電動汽車總體設計及動力系統參數匹配研究，碩士論文，合肥工業大學，2007
[12]X. Zeng, H. Min, X. Xu, and Q. Wang, “Parameter Design for Power Train and Performance Simulation of Electrical City Bus”, 2008 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC), pp. 1-5, 2008.
[13]陳全世，先進電動汽車技術，北京化學工業出版社，2007，第255-257頁。
[14]中華民國國家標準，電動道路車輛-電能消耗與行駛距離-小客車與商用車試驗程序，總號：15513，類號：D1080，2011。
[15]Society of Automotive Engineers, Recommended Practice for Measuring Fuel Consumption and Range of Fuel Cell and Hybrid Fuel Cell Vehicles Fuelled by Compressed Gaseous Hydrogen, 2008.
[16]G. Pede, A. lacobazzi, S. Passerini, A. Bobbio, G. Botto, “FC vehicle hybridisation: an affordable solution for an energy-efficient FC powered drive train”, Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 125, pp. 280
[17] He Yin, Wenhao Zhou, Mian Li, Chengbin Ma and Chen Zhao, “An Adaptive Fuzzy Logic-Based Energy Management Strategy on Battery/Ultracapacitor Hybrid Electric Vehicles”,IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, vol .2, no.3 ,2016 , pp. 300-311。
[18] Chen Zhao,He Yin and Chengbin Ma, “Quantitative Evaluation of LiFePO4 Battery Cycle Life Improvement Using Ultracapacitors”,IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol .31, no.6 ,2016 , pp. 3989-3993。
[19] Youngkwan Ko,Jeeho Lee and Hyeongcheol Lee,“A Supervisory Control Algorithm for a Series Hybrid Vehicle With Multiple Energy Sources”,IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol .64, no.11 ,2016, pp. 4942-4953。
[20] Junyi Shen, Alireza Khaligh,“A Supervisory Energy Management Control Strategy in a Battery/Ultracapacitor Hybrid Energy Storage System”,IEEE Transactions on Transportation Electrification, vol .1, no. 3, 2015, pp. 223-231。
[21]Bulent Vural, Serkan Dusmez, Mehemt Uzunoglu, Enes Ugur and Bilal Akin,“Fuel Consumption Comparison of Different Battery/Ultracapacitor Hybridization Topologies for Fuel-Cell Vehicles on a Test Bench”,IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, vol .2, no.3, 2014, pp. 552-561。