臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本篇研究藉由利用經表面胺基(silane)改質的插層黏土與聚氨酯的預聚物進行反應，而探討不同黏土使用比例對此系列水性聚氨酯塊材性質的影響與其分散液經泡沫塗佈於布料上的性質測試。
為了探討不同黏土使用的比例對此系列水性聚氨酯塊材的性質差異，本篇使用了FT-IR、TGA、DSC、XRD、SEM、粒徑測定儀與拉伸試驗機來觀察水性聚氨酯之特性。在機械性質方面，發現在ran-PUC4塊材的抗拉強度得到4.64 kgf/mm2。最後則是將此系列的水性聚氨酯分散液以泡沫塗佈的方式對布料進行加工，布料ran-PUC8的接觸角為129度，透氣性為0.406cfm，布料ran-PUC10透氣性為0.632cfm，提供了在透濕撥水織物方面的應用。

There are diverse inorganic minerals with layer structures in natural product, such as graphite, mica, metallic oxides and silicates. The space of these material layers is usually around 10 Å. Most of the inorganic material could not expand the layer spacing through intercalation even though with formed layer structures. The layer space of unmodified filler is insufficient to accommodate the polymers whose turning radius is approximately hundreds of Ångström in order to form intercalation material. Natural clay, montmorillonite, could enlarge the layer spacing due to the exchangeable interlayer cations with its larger layer space formation. This phenomena force montmorillonite to be organic modified. However, it’s easy to reconstruct and aggregate due to its larger area of the particle surface. The aggregation of the particles would strongly affect the dispersion of nanocomposite. In order to solve this problem, a method named surface modification has been proposed.

摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
誌謝 IV
目 錄 V
表目錄 VIII
圖目錄 IX
第一章 緒論 - 1 -
1.1前言 - 1 -
1.2研究動機 - 3 -
第二章 文獻回顧 - 4 -
2.1水性聚氨酯(WATERBORNEPOLYURETHANE)簡介 - 4 -
2.2水性聚氨酯的合成 - 5 -
2.2.1聚多元醇 (Polyol) - 5 -
2.2.2二異氰酸酯 (Diisocyanate) - 6 -
2.2.3 DMPA添加量的影響 - 7 -
2.2.4鏈延長劑 (Chain extender) - 8 -
2.2.5催化劑 (Catalyst) - 9 -
2.3水性聚氨酯樹脂 - 10 -
2.3.1水性PU的合成方法 - 11 -
2.3.2聚氨酯-軟硬鏈段的組成影響 - 14 -
2.3.3 NCO官能基濃度測定 - 15 -
2.4常用的層狀矽酸鹽礦物 - 16 -
2.4.1黏土 - 16 -
2.4.2蒙托土 - 17 -
2.4.3蒙脫土的有機化改性 - 19 -
2.4.4奈米礦物複合材料 - 20 -
2.4.5聚合物／蒙托土複合材料 - 21 -
2.4.6蒙托土插層複合材料簡介 - 22 -
2.5布料介紹 - 24 -
2.5.1平織布介紹 - 25 -
2.6 透濕撥水織物 - 26 -
2.6.1微多孔型透濕撥水織物 - 27 -
2.6.2高密度織物 - 27 -
2.6.3無孔型親水性吸濕防水織物 - 28 -
2.6.4透濕撥水織物的加工方式 - 28 -
2.7塗佈方式介紹 - 29 -
第三章 實驗方法與流程 - 31 -
3.1 實驗藥品及材料 - 31 -
3.2 實驗儀器 - 33 -
3.2.1傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜儀 (FT-IR) - 33 -
3.2.2熱重量分析儀 (TGA) - 34 -
3.2.3示差掃描熱量分析儀 (DSC) - 35 -
3.2.4 X-射線繞射分析(X-ray diffraction，XRD) - 36 -
3.2.5動態光散射粒徑儀 (DLS) - 37 -
3.2.6掃描式電子顯微鏡 (SEM) - 38 -
3.2.7 X-射線能量散佈分析儀(EDS) - 39 -
3.2.8拉伸試驗機 - 40 -
3.2.9靜態接觸角量測儀 - 41 -
3.2.10透氣性測定儀 - 41 -
3.2.11膠體滲透層析儀 (GPC) - 42 -
3.3實驗流程 - 43 -
3.3.1添加黏土之水性聚氨酯分散液製備 - 43 -
3.3.2水性聚氨酯薄膜之製備 - 43 -
3.3.3泡沫塗佈加工 - 45 -
第四章 結果與討論 - 46 -
4.1 PU POLYMER合成之ATR FT-IR分析 - 46 -
4.2熱重量分析(TGA) - 49 -
4.3示差掃描熱量分析 (DSC) - 51 -
4.4 XRD - 53 -
4.5動態光散射粒徑儀(DLS) - 55 -
4.6接觸角 - 57 -
4.7 吸水性 - 58 -
4.8材料拉伸試驗結果 - 59 -
4.9掃描式電子顯微鏡（SEM）與X-射線能量散佈分析儀(EDS) - 60 -
4.10布料接觸角測試 - 65 -
4.11布料SEM - 66 -
4.12布料透氣性測試 - 68 -
第五章 結論 - 69 -
參考文獻 - 70 -
附錄 - 72 -

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