臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

確定經濟生產數量（EPQ）的傳統模式假定生產率不變。這個假設的一個結果是在給定時間內產生的單位數是恆定的。然而，無論何時操作員開始生產新產品、更換新機器、並在長時間中斷後重新啟動，或實施新的生產過程時，我們假設生產率是不變的。在這種情況下，不能忽視對生產計劃和庫存管理的學習效果。最廣泛使用和接受的學習曲線形式是Wright的學習曲線（WLC）。然而，傳統的WLC是一個曲線，它僅描繪出產生累積單位數的生產率以恆定的百分比增加。其實除生產力學習過程之外，質量學習過程也應該考慮。此外，生產力學習過程和質量學習過程之間存在依賴關係。在這方面，隨著最近開發的同步品質和生產效率的學習曲線，建立了修改後的生產庫存模型，以便在有限範圍內週期性地確定最優批量。所考慮的生產力是單位生產時間，有關質量是生產品質的標準差。在這項研究中，品質和生產學習效應在整個規劃範圍是從單位到單位、週期到週期所累積。因此，在學習過程的影響下，單位生產時間、單位勞動力成本、單位成本、週期時間，每個週期的平均單位標準差和生產數量都會沿著計劃範圍變化。為了解釋和比較，本研究中引入了四種情況。

Traditional models for determining the economic production quantity (EPQ) assume a constant production rate. One result of this assumption is that the number of units produced in a given period is constant. However, the constant production rate assumption is not valid whenever the operator begins production of a new product, changes to a new machine, and restarts after a long break, or implements a new production process. In such situations the learning effect on production planning and inventory management cannot be ignored. The most widely used and accepted form of the learning curve is the Wright’s Learning Curve (WLC). However, the conventional WLC is a curve that solely depicts productivity increasing at a constant percentage as a cumulative number of units are produced. In fact, other than productivity learning process, the quality learning process should also be considered. Additionally, there exists a dependency between productivity learning process and quality learning process. In this regard, with the recent development of learning curve for quality and productivity simultaneously, the modified production inventory model is built to determine the optimal lot size periodically for finite plan horizon. In this research, the productivity considered is the unit production time and the quality concerned is the unit standard deviation of produced quality level. The quality and productivity learning effects are cumulated from unit to unit and cycle to cycle for entire plan horizon. Consequently, unit production time, unit labor cost, unit cost, cycle time, average unit standard deviation per cycle and production quantity per cycle are varied along plan horizon under the effect of learning process. For the purpose of explanations and comparison, four Cases are introduced in this research. The examples are provided for demonstration.

指導教授與評審委員簽名之考試合格證明書.................................................................i
誌　　謝 ...............................................................................................................................ii
摘　　要 ..............................................................................................................................iii
Abstract ..............................................................................................................................iv
1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................1
2. Notations and Assumptions .............................................................................................4
3. Learning curve ..............................................................................................................7
3.1 Learning curve for productivity ......................................................................................7
3.2 Learning curve for productivity and quality ..................................................................8
3.3 Tolerance cost function and variance estimation .......................................................10
4. The model development ...........................................................................................12
4.1 Case 1 - Assume production quantity and unit cost is identical for all cycles ............13
4.2 Case 2 - Assume production quantity is identical for all cycles with unit cost varied for different units. ......................................................................................................................17
4.3 Case 3 - Assume production quantity is not identical for all cycles and unit cost is varied for different units ..............................................................................................................22
4.4 Case 4 - Assume production quantity is not identical for all cycles and unit cost is varied under learning curve for productivity and Quality .........................................................26
5. Numerical results ..............................................................................................................29
5.1 Cases 1 and 2: Assume production quantities for all cycles are identical ......................29
5.2 Cases 3 and 4：Assume production quantities are not identical for each cycle .............34
5.3 Quality level, production quantity, time span under various production rates for Case 4...38
6. Discussions .......................................................................................................................41
7. Conclusions .......................................................................................................................48
References .......................................................................................................................49

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