臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

科技的進步改變了人們過去習慣的生活樣貌，同時也導致出生率的下降和
死亡年齡的提升，使得了老年人口逐年遞增，造就高齡化社會的來臨，也使得
高齡議題在現代社會中成為所重要的議題之一。過去的研究中顯示目前社會上
仍然對於年長者抱有年齡歧視，尤其是年輕人更容易對老年族群產生負向的連
結。為改變此現況，本研究欲透過近年來大眾最常使用之網路社交媒介－即時
通訊軟體，探討大學生對年長者的態度是否會影響其在即時通訊軟體中的貼圖
使用行為。
本研究在實驗一中利用影片影響大學生對年長者之年齡歧視態度（無影片
、正向影片、負向影片），探究在不同態度的影響下，對不同情境（正向與負
向）與角色年齡（老年人與年輕人）的貼圖選擇行為，並檢驗其內隱態度是否
產生差異。結果顯示影片確實能影響大學生在外顯態度上的展現，但無法影響
其貼圖選擇行為與內隱態度。同時亦發現當正向情境與年長者貼圖有所連結時
，會提高大學生對於年長者的貼圖選擇機率。實驗二進一步將呈現情境與貼圖
選擇情境之間的相符程度考量進去，將貼圖選擇之老年人選項情境與呈現貼圖
情境操作為一致，試圖提升大學生在不同情境（正向與負向）與角色年齡（老
年人與年輕人）對老年人貼圖的選擇機率。並接續實驗一所產生之結果，檢驗
大學生對實驗一中的貼圖選擇素材是否存在內隱態度偏好，透過替換內隱連結
測驗中的真實臉孔素材，測量大學生對貼圖材料是否存在態度偏向。結果顯示
在貼圖選擇上大學生加入了情境因子的考量，並不會影響他們對於貼圖選擇偏
好，但在內隱態度中仍對於虛擬形象貼圖產生對於老年人的負向連結。而透過
跨實驗之比較中發現，呈現情境與貼圖選擇情境之間的相符性確實影響大學生
的貼圖選擇行為。當呈現情境與老年人貼圖選項情境之間相符合時，更能提升
大學生對於老年人貼圖的選擇率。
總體來說大學生在內隱態度上對年長者是偏向負向的態度，但這內隱負向態度
不會影響他們在網際網路社群中使用材料的判斷，也不會展現在對年長者的外
顯行為上。而透過建立呈現與貼圖選項相同的情境，便可有機會透過貼圖的使
用，建立更正向的年長者形象，改善對年長者的態度。

The development of science and technology not only had changed people’s lifestyle, but also led to the decline of birth rate and the increase of the age of death. The elderly population is increasing year by year, resulting an aging society. Consequently, aging issues became one of the important topics in modern society. Many studies had shown the present of ageism for elderly in the community, in addition, younger generations are more likely to have a negative link with elderly. The aim of this study is to investigate whether college students' attitudes towards seniors will affect their usage of stickers in instant message through the online social media, which is most commonly used in recent years.
Experiment 1, film was used to influence the ageism of college students (no film, positive film, negative film). Then, the influences of different attitudes on different contexts (positive and negative) and roles age (older and young) to choose the behavior of the stickers were measured. Lastly, implicit attitude was assessed. The results show that the film can affect the college students in the explicit attitude, but can not affect its stickers selection behavior and implicit attitude. It is also found that when the positive situation is linked to the elderly stickers, it will increase the chance of choosing elderly’s stickers of these college students. Experiment 2, selection of elderly stickers and the stickers’ context were matched in order to measure the behavior of college students in different contexts (positive and negative) and role age (elderly and young people) to the elderly to choose the probability of stickers. Implicit attitude was assessed with same method of experiment 1. By measuring the real face material in the implicit association test, it is necessary to measure whether there is an attitude bias on the stickers material. The results show that college students have added context factors to their choice, and they do not affect their preferences for the stickers, but in the implicit attitude still for the virtual image stickers for the elderly negative link. And through the comparison between the experimental found that the situation between the chat context and the stickers selection does affect the college students' stickers selection behavior. When the coincidence between chat context and elderly stickers, then will improve students’ selection rate for the elderly stickers.
In general, college students tend to be negative in the implicit attitude towards the elderly, but the implicit negative attitude neither affect their judgment in the usage of materials in the Internet community, nor does it appear in the elderly explicit behavior. And through the establishment of the same situation with the stickers options, you can have the opportunity to use the stickers to create a more positive image of the elderly, to improve the attitude of the elderly.

摘要
目次
表次
圖次
第一章、緒論
年齡歧視
年齡歧視在社交媒體與即時通訊軟體
改善年齡歧視
小結
第二章、實驗一
研究方法
實驗結果
實驗討論
第三章、實驗二
實驗方法
實驗結果
實驗討論
第四章、綜合討論
研究限制與建議
參考文獻
附錄
外顯態度問卷（35題）
正向與負向影片相關問題
40張明顯情緒臉孔貼圖
內隱連結測驗中性情緒臉孔

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