臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

As the pedestrian bridge conception, from now, expands more in the length span whereas the cross section becomes slender and simple, multi-mode coupled vibrations occur frequently. The footbridge, a slim structure, becomes more sensitive to vibration effect. It is clearly understood that the vibration could be a problem. The users of this public facility should be comfortable while using it. Some endeavors have been done to lessen the vibration that is additional stiffness to the given devices. The most optimistic method to reduce vibration and improve the footbridge dynamic characteristics is Multiple Tuned Mass Dampers (MTMD).
This study covers vibration reduction of footbridge using Multiple Tuned Mass dampers. The Footbridge is modeled and simulated numerically using the commercial structural analysis and design software (SAP2000) to perform dynamic responses due to pulsating stationary, moving and uniform loadings. A comprehensive Optimization method is introduced to determine the optimal design parameters of MTMD system. The objective is to minimize footbridge responses and remove unacceptable requirements, such as peak and root mean square (RMS) acceleration. Numerical analysis shows that the proposed MTMD designed by the annealing optimization procedure is effective in reducing dynamic response during crowd–footbridge resonance.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS i
ABSTRACT ii
Table of Contents iii
List of Tables vi
List of Figures vii
Chapter 1 1
Introduction 1
1.1 Background 1
1.1.1 Pedestrian traffic on footbridges 1
1.1.2 Tuned mass dampers (TMDs) in footbridge 4
1.2 Thesis objectives 5
1.3 Organization of the thesis 6
Chapter 2 8
Theoretical Background of Footbridge Vibration Control using Multiple Tuned Mass Damper (MTMD) 8
2.1 Equation of Motion of Footbridge Vibration Control led by MTMD 8
2.2 Modal Transfer Function 13
2.3 Modal Mean Square Response versus Mean Square Response Ratio 15
2.4 Optimal Design of Multiple Tuned Mass Damper 16
2.5 Summary 18
Chapter 3 19
Vibration Serviceability of Footbridges 19
3.1 Serviceability Design Procedures 19
3.1.1 Modeling pedestrian as source of excitation 20
3.1.2 Characterization of the dynamic behavior of the footbridge 24
3.1.3 Evaluation of the vibration levels 27
3.1.4 Comparison of design guidelines 28
3.1.5 Eurocode SS-EN 1990/A1 29
3.1.5.1 Serviceability criteria regarding deformation and vibration for footbridges 29
3.1.5.2 Pedestrian comfort criteria for serviceability 29
3.2 Summary 30
Chapter 4 31
Modal Analysis and Dynamic Response of Dayuan Footbridge 31
4.1 Footbridge Description 31
4.2 SAP2000 Model of Dayuan Footbridge 33
4.2.1 Vibration Modes of Dayuan Footbridge 33
4.3 Pedestrian Loading 37
4.3.1 Harmonic Loading 37
4.3.1.1 Vertical Loading (Z) and Lateral Loading (Y) 37
4.3.2 Moving Loads 41
4.3.3 Uniform loading induced by pedestrians 46
4.3.3.1 Pedestrian modelling 48
4.3.3.2 Pedestrian modelling in SAP2000 49
4.4 Dynamic Responses of Dayuan Footbridge 52
4.4.1 Harmonic Loading 52
4.4.2 Moving Loading 56
4.4.3 Dynamic response of uniform loading induced by pedestrians 63
4.4.4 Summary 65
Chapter 5 66
Design and Analysis of the MTMD System for the Dayuan Footbridge 66
5.1 Optimum Multiple Tuned Mass dampers Parameters 66
5.1.1 Layout of MTMD 66
5.1.2 Design parameters of MTMD 68
5.2 Procedures of Setting a MTMD System in the SAP2000 Model 80
5.3 MTMD Efficiency and Serviceability Check for Vibration Level 80
5.3.1 Stationary Loads 80
5.3.2 Uniform loading 93
5.3.2.1 Optimal MTMD System Parameters 95
5.3.2.2 Control Performance of MTMD for a uniformly distributed load 96
Chapter 6 98
Summary 98
6.1 Summary 98
6.2 Conclusions 99
6.3 Recommendations for future Research 99
References 100

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