臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

調諧質量阻尼器(Tuned Mass Dampers, TMD)係一具有特定頻率與阻尼之單自由度動態系統，可提供主結構額外與外力頻率相關的阻尼。經過多年的分析研究與試驗驗證，已廣泛應用於高樓抗風減振。然而，若TMD頻率未與主結構頻率相調諧而產生離頻效應(Detuning Effect)，將導致控制效用快速下降。此外，針對新建結構，TMD大部分都是與結構一起建造，TMD與主結構成為高度耦合系統，要正確識別且分離TMD與主結構系統的動態參數是一大挑戰。有鑑於此，本研究首先推導TMD與主結構組合系統之功率平衡方程式，說明瞬時相位差的增值阻尼比，以及如何使用TMD減振效能指標，並採用移動視窗的計算方式來驗證高樓層建築物在風力作用下的減振效果。利用數值方法驗證指標的正確性，並探討在即時監測下指標之準確性。數值模擬分析結果顯示，本文所發展之計算方式可在短時間內正確判斷TMD/MTMD系統是否有效發揮減振功能，證實其實務應用價值。

A tuned mass damper (TMD) system consists of an added mass with properly functioning spring and damping elements for providing frequency-dependent damping in a primary structure. After years of analysis and experimental verification, vibration control using tuned mass damper (TMD) for civil structures has been widely accepted and used in high-rise buildings. However, if the TMD frequency is not tuning the natural frequency of the main structure, the control performance will be greatly reduced. In addition, the main structure and the TMD are always constructed together and becoming a highly coupled system. It is hard to identify the dynamic parameters of TMD and the main structure correctly. Therefore, the present study firstly derived the power balance equation between the main structure and the TMD. Then, an indicator is computed via the phase the response between the TMD and the main structure. And a TMD control performance indicator through moving window was proposed. The real time performance indicators were verified by numerical simulation . Furthermore, the control performance indicators were extended to be used in multiple tuned mass damper (MTMD) systems. Theoretical results show that the proposed TMD/MTMD performance indicators can judge TMD/MTMD’s performance correctly and is benefit to the practical application.

謝誌 i
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2 文獻回顧 1
1.3 本文內容 3
第二章 結構裝設多元調諧質量阻尼器之 理論推導 5
2.1 結構-MTMD組合系統動態平衡方程式 5
2.2 結構反應轉換函數 9
2.3 結構均方反應與均方反應比 12
2.4 MTMD最佳化設計參數 13
2.5 TMD之最佳化參數設計公式 16
第三章 TMD減振效能指標 17
3.1 功率平衡方程式 17
3.2 瞬時相位差計算 18
3.3 增值阻尼比 21
3.4 移動視窗計算方式 21
第四章 單自由度結構裝設TMD之 數值模擬驗證 22
4.1 主結構與TMD系統參數 22
4.2 數值模擬使用外力 22
4.2.1 短時傅立葉能量頻譜 22
4.2.2 外力設定與分析 23
4.3 減振指標計算 24
4.3.1 掃頻之減振指標計算 25
4.3.2 減振指標判斷流程 27
4.3.3 實際風力之減振指標計算 28
第五章 單自由度結構裝設MTMD之 數值模擬驗證 29
5.1 主結構與MTMD系統參數 29
5.2 MTMD減振指標計算 29
第六章 多自由度結構裝設TMD之 數值模擬驗證 32
6.1 主結構與TMD系統參數 32
6.2 數值模擬使用外力 32
6.3 TMD減振指標計算 33
第七章 多自由度結構裝設MTMD之 數值模擬驗證 35
7.1 案例一 35
7.1.1 主結構與MTMD系統參數 35
7.1.2 MTMD減振指標 35
7.2 案例二 36
7.2.1 主結構與MTMD系統參數介紹 36
7.2.2 MTMD減振指標 37
第八章 結論 38
參考文獻 39

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