臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

一般在區域性邊坡受震穩定分析中，是以Newmark位移法去計算數值高程模型(DEM)中每個格點(網格單元)之永久位移量，但這些分析中套用了諸多假設，與實際情形有些不同，例如: Newmark法假設滑動塊體為剛體且邊坡破壞模式為淺層破壞，然而實際上滑動塊體無論是土壤或是岩石皆為柔性材料，並且邊坡破壞模式可能為深層之圓弧破壞；其次以網格作為分析之單元並不恰當，因為網格單元與地形特徵並無關聯。因此本研究將以邊坡(斜坡)單元作為基礎，結合柔性塊體位移預估模型與地形放大效應，以發展一套能應用於大範圍下區域受震危害評估之方法。
本研究共分成兩部分，第一部分針對台灣集集地震與美國北嶺地震，以地理資訊系統(GIS)為分析平台，將草嶺地區與北嶺地區之數值高程模型(DEM)作為基礎切割出數個有限邊坡單元，並以簡易方法評估圓弧破壞邊坡之降伏加速度(ky)，再以剛體、柔體之位移模型估算邊坡單元之位移量，以作為受震危害評估之依據。第二部分為將所有位移預估模型所分析之結果進行量化，並比較以及探討當中之差異。接著以傳統網格單元法進行分析、量化，比較分別以邊坡單元與網格單元作為分析基礎兩者間的不同。最後加入地形放大效應，探討此效應對整體預估準確率之影響。

It is the most common using the Newmark displacement method to calculate the permanent displacement of each grid point (grid cell) in the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) in regional seismic slope stability analysis. However, many of the assumptions are made to these analyzes. These assumptions are somewhat different from the actual situation. For example, the Newmark method assumes that the sliding block is rigid and failure mode is shallow, but the actual sliding block, regardless of soil or rock, is flexible and failure mode can be deep arc-shaped. In addition, using grid points for analysis is not appropriate because the grid cell is not associated with terrain features. Therefore, this study takes the slope unit as the basis, combined with the flexible block displacement prediction model and the topographic amplification effect, to develop a method for seismic hazard assessment of slope in a large area.
This study is divided into two parts. In the first part, the geographic information system (GIS) is used as the analysis platform to assess the regional seismic landslide hazard. Based on DEM, several finite slope units are generated. A simple method is used to assess the critical acceleration (ky) of the slope unit subjected to Arc-shaped failure. Afterword, the displacement of the slope unit is estimated by both of rigid and flexible displacement model. The second part is to quantify the results of all the displacement prediction models, and compare and discuss the differences. Moreover, the grid unit is also used to analyze and the difference between the slope unit and the grid unit is compared. Finally, we add topographic amplification effect and discuss the effect of topographic amplification effects on prediction accuracy.

誌謝 i
摘要 ii
Abstract iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1. 研究背景 1
1.2. 研究動機與目的 1
1.3. 研究方法 2
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2.1. 邊坡降伏加速度KY 3
2.1.1. 無限邊坡降伏加速度 3
2.1.2. 圓弧形邊坡降伏加速度 3
2.2. 剛性位移預測模型 5
2.3. 柔性位移預測模型 6
2.3.1. 一維模型 6
2.3.2. 二維模型 8
2.4. 地形效應 10
2.5. 邊坡危受震害潛勢圖 11
2.6. 邊坡單元切割原理 11
第三章 區域性邊坡危害評估 19
3.1. 概述 19
3.2. 分析案例 19
3.2.1. 集集地震 19
3.2.2. 北嶺地震 19
3.3. 分析方法 20
3.3.1. 邊坡單元之切割 20
3.3.2. FS與ky之估算 22
3.3.3. 位移量之估算 23
3.4. 準確性評估 25
3.5. 臨界位移量與破壞比例 26
第四章 敏感度分析 49
4.1. 概述 49
4.2. 位移預測模型之影響 49
4.3. 網格單元法與邊坡單元法之比較 51
4.4. 地形效應之影響 53
第五章 結論與建議 72
5.1. 結論 72
5.2. 建議 73
參考文獻 74

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