臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

在現代工業化的過程，生態環境與自然資源皆受到衝擊及損耗，為使人類與地球生態永續發展，「節能減碳」成當前國際間的重要核心議題之一。臺灣近年來推動「農村再生」，苗栗地區已核定多個農村再生計畫社區，透過發展農村社區及農村風貌改善，營造農村景觀特色及促進環境美化，而節能減碳議題不論在都市或者農村社區皆乃共同追求的核心目標，本研究遂以苗栗地區農村社區為對象，選取具有節能減碳發展條件之社區，希冀藉由建立社區居民對農村生活中節能減碳之觀念，保存並傳承傳統文化技藝工法，減少碳排放量，以兼顧農村社區永續發展及節能減碳議題之方式，提出社區發展建構策略。
苗栗地區節能減碳示範社區可概分為：傳統建築技藝類型、資源循環類型及生態類型等三種，在實施減碳過程後其碳排放差異約在0.14至27.2萬kg-CO2間，其中以生態類型的碳排放差異最大。資源循環類型之社區，將在地的土壤、稻梗、稻殼及竹子等農作廢材與修枝作有效再利用，廢棄柿條與柿果則以導入工藝方式為主軸，萃取柿汁發展柿染工藝，生產成減碳商品。生態類型之社區，配合農村再生推動項目之植栽復育或復甦，建構人文與自然棲地，結合天然複層林帶及生態廊道之概念，建立緩衝綠帶，增加固碳量。傳統建築技藝類型之社區，傳統農村建築如竹編夾泥牆、斗砌及土埆製作，可利用技藝工坊將傳統技術引進並培育更多元技術人才，以區域資源共享概念落實節能減碳，將四個軸帶串連，再增設點連結成面，以區域發展帶動整體性發展。

The processes of modernization and industrialization have impacted the ecological environment and natural resource. Energy saving and carbon reduction become one of the core issues in the international community. It is also an important issue of sustainable development for human in the earth. “Rural Rejuvenation” is recently promoted by Taiwan government. Many rural rejuvenation projects of rural communities in the Miaoli areas were approved. The development and feature of the rural community were improved through the projects. It was archived that the landscapes feature creation and the environmental beautification of the rural communities. Energy saving and carbon reduction remain broadly shared goals for both the urban and rural areas. This research selected the potential rural communities for development of energy saving and carbon reduction in the Miaoli areas. Energy saving and carbon reduction were achieved by introducing the idea into daily life of the rural areas and preservation of the traditional technologies. Then, the development strategies were proposed based on simultaneously considering of sustainable development, energy saving and carbon reduction.
The potential rural communities can be divided into three types, including the traditional architectural-skill type, the resource-recycle type and the ecology type. It was shown the resulting differences of carbon reduction ranged between 1.4× 103 to 2.72 ×105 kilograms of carbon by applying the carbon reduction processes.In the communities of resource-recycle type, the local resources of soil, rice stalks, rice husk, and bamboo were effectively reused. The pruning branches and persimmon fruits were suggested to produce as carbon-reduction products such as persimmon juices and persimmon stained crafts. In the communities of ecology type, the construction of humanities and natural habitats were combined with the phytoremediation in rural rejuvenation projects. The buffer green belts constructed with ideas of multiple-layered forest and ecological corridor were expected to enhance the carbon sequestration. In the communities of the traditional architectural-skill type, the traditional architectural skills of bamboo-mud wall, adobe masonry wall, manufacturing adobe were suggested to introduce into a workshop space and cultivated professionals with various skills. The workshop space provided a platform for sharing the local resources to implement energy saving and carbon reduction. It was expected the integral development can be driven by this regional development in the rural areas.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 viii
符號表 x
謝誌 xi
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2 本文架構 2
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2.1 全球暖化的影響 3
2.2 低碳生活圈 6
2.3 低碳社區 8
2.4 節能減碳推動 12
2.5 農村節能減碳概念與目標 16
2.6 農業廢棄物再利用 18
第三章 研究材料與方法 21
3.1 研究流程 21
3.2 節能減碳潛力社區及示範社區遴選 23
3.2.1 評估因子 24
3.2.2 評估因子之評分尺度 26
3.3 碳排放量估算 28
第四章 資料整理與分析 30
4.1 傳統建築技藝類型 32
4.1.1 頭份市流東社區 32
4.1.2 三灣鄉北埔社區 39
4.1.3 泰安鄉梅園社區 41
4.1.4 苑裡鎮山腳社區 43
4.1.5 苑裡鎮苑坑社區 45
4.2 資源循環類型之社區 47
4.2.1 公館鄉開礦社區 47
4.3 生態類型之社區 50
4.3.1 銅鑼鄉九湖社區 50
4.3.2 泰安鄉麻必浩社區 53
4.4 示範社區碳排放量估算 55
第五章 結論與建議 67
5.1 結論 67
5.2 建議 68
參考文獻 70
附錄A 節能減碳潛力農村示範社區評分表 72
附錄B 行政院環境保護署低碳社區評估系統(LCCS) 76
附錄C 「綠建築解說與評估手冊」建築產業生命周期CO2減量評估 81
附錄D 「學習行動愛地球」之平均碳排放量估算 84
附錄E 「綠建築評估手冊–基本型」綠化量指標評估公式 86

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