臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

對於腸道之健康而言，乳酸菌與血清素同時扮演著調節者之角色，腸道菌相與血清素濃度之恆定皆會影響腸道的生理及病理狀態，且兩者與多種腸道失調之症狀相關，如大腸急躁症便是由血清素濃度不穩定所導致。
香蕉在台灣為一年四季皆產出之水果，容易食用，因此每年丟棄之香蕉果皮數量相當可觀，而香蕉皮除了作為堆肥，多視為廢棄物；此外有研究指出，香蕉皮中含有參與人體神經反應之化學物質或胜肽，因此本實驗欲採用農業廢棄物-香蕉皮，製成香蕉皮汁培養基，並添加適當之碳源及氮源，接入乳酸菌Lactobacillus plantarum進行發酵，取經乳酸菌發酵後之兩不同發酵時間 (9小時、15小時) 之上清液，以不同添加比例與兩細胞株 : QGP-1及Caco-2細胞株進行共培養，探討經乳酸菌發酵後之香蕉皮汁上清液對腸道細胞株分泌及回收血清素之影響，並評估上清液對治療腸道症狀甚至是精神性失調之可行性。
透過實驗數據得知，添加yeast extract為氮源之香蕉皮汁明顯較利於L. plantarum之生長。而在上清液與QGP-1細胞共培養方面，除了經乳酸菌發酵15小時之上清液、於特定比例培養下，有顯著刺激細胞分泌血清素之外，其餘組別皆傾向於抑制細胞之血清素分泌作用；而在Caco-2細胞之血清素轉運蛋白表現方面則發現，在較低比例添加共培養之下，會促進此蛋白質之表現量，且9小時之表現量皆大於15小時。
綜觀實驗結果，香蕉皮之發酵上清液具明顯促進血清素轉運蛋白之表現，而在血清素分泌方面則多為抑制效果。根據實驗數據，香蕉皮汁發酵液有望作為大腸急躁症之輔助性療法，而對於香蕉皮汁對人體之確切效用需由更進一步之實驗加以輔佐應證。

Lactic acid bacteria and serotonin play pivotal role in gastrointestinal regulation, both of which participate in gut physiology and pathology, for instance, abnormalities in serotonin release and availability in gut lead to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
Bananas are one of productive fruits in Taiwan, besides, due to their convenience for eating, causing considerable number of peel waste; furthermore, accumulating evidence has revealed that banana peels contain neurochemical compounds. Based on the concept above, banana peels was used in current experiment as medium for Lactobacillus plantarum, which supplemented with proper glucose and nitrogen source. After two specific time of fermentation, the supernatant was collected and cultured with two cell lines, QGP-1 cell and Caco-2 cell, for the purpose of discussing the possibility of reusing banana peel as medium for lactobacilli and their effects toward serotonin released and reuptook by intestinal cells; moreover, to further explore the application on digestive disorder or mental disorder.
The present results indicated that yeast extract shows better effects on promoting the growth of L.plantarum comparing with the other nitrogen sources. Cells after different treatments show different results, all in all, banana peel juice after fermented by L.plantarum tends to restrain serotonin released by QGP-1 cells, while upregulating SERT protein expression in Caco-2 cells.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
目次 iii
表目次 v
圖目次 vi
第一章、 前言 1
第二章、 文獻回顧 2
一、 香蕉 2
(一) 簡介 2
(二) 台灣之香蕉品種 2
(三) 香蕉之組成 5
(四) 香蕉相關之產品 7
(五) 香蕉皮之應用 10
二、 益生菌 14
三、 乳酸菌 14
(一) 乳酸菌介紹 14
(二) 腸道正常菌叢 14
(三) 乳酸菌衍生物 15
(四) 菌-腦-腸軸 15
(五) 乳酸菌發酵與抗氧化 16
四、 血清素 16
(一) 血清素介紹 16
(二) 腸嗜鉻細胞 19
(三) 血清素轉運蛋白 ( serotonin reuptake transporter; SERT ) 22
(四) 腸道中血清素之製造、釋放、回收及分解 23
(五) 腸道中之血清素訊號傳遞 26
(六) 大腸急躁症（Irritable Bowel Syndrome, IBS） 29
五、 研究動機 31
第三章、 材料與方法 32
一、 實驗材料 32
(一) 實驗原料 32
(二) 實驗藥品 32
二、實驗儀器 33
三、乳酸菌種 33
四、細胞株 33
五、培養基及緩衝溶液之配置 33
(一) 乳酸菌培養基 33
(二) 細胞株培養基 34
(三) 緩衝溶液 34
六、 實驗方法 37
(一) 實驗架構 37
(二) 乳酸菌之活化 38
(三) 香蕉皮培養基製備 38
(四) 氮源種類探討 38
(五) 乳酸菌上清液製備 38
(六) 細胞株之培養 38
(七) 細胞生長曲線 39
(八) 血清素測定 39
(九) 血清素轉運子之蛋白表現量 40
(十) 統計分析 43
第四章、 結果與討論 44
一、 適當氮源種類之探討 44
二、 乳酸菌生長曲線與pH值變化 46
三、 細胞株之生長曲線 48
四、 QGP-1細胞株之血清素分泌量測定 51
五、 血清素轉運蛋白之表現量測定 56
第五章、 結論 59
第六章、 參考文獻 60

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